I-antivirus yokusindisa: umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuhlanza i-PC yakho enegciwane

Informatec Digital » Izinsiza » I-antivirus yokusindisa: umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuhlanza i-PC yakho enegciwane

Uma igciwane, iTrojan, noma i-ransomware ingena kwi-PC yakho, izinhlelo ze-antivirus zendabuko zivame ukuba sekwephuzile. Ezinye izinhlelo ze-malware zilayisha ngaphambi kokuthi i-Windows iqale, zicashe emkhakheni wokuqalisa, noma zilawule uhlelo ngendlela yokuthi i-antivirus efakiwe ayikwazi ngisho nokuqalisa. Kulesi simo, ukuba nohlelo oluhle lwe-ransomware oluqalwa kabusha kusuka ekubeni yinto eyengeziwe kuye ekubeni yinto ebalulekile cishe.

Lawa madiski okutakula noma ama-USB drive asebenza njengethimba lezokwelapha eliphuthumayo kwikhompyutha yakho : aqala uhlelo oluzimele (cishe njalo olusekelwe ku-Linux), abuyekeze i-firmware yalo, futhi askena kahle ama-hard drive akho ngaphandle kokulayisha i-Windows noma amafayela angase atheleleke. Awasebenzisi izinsiza zesistimu, awafakwa unomphela, futhi angakukhipha endaweni enzima lapho i-PC yakho yonakele kangangokuthi ngeke iqale ngisho nokuqala. Aphinde agcwalise iziqondiso zokwenza ngcono i-Windows lapho i-PC yakho isebenza kancane.

Iyini i-antivirus yokusindisa futhi kungani yenza umehluko?

I-antivirus yokusindisa iyisisombululo sokuphepha esisebenziseka kalula esisebenza kusuka ku-CD, i-DVD, noma i-USB drive ngaphambi kokufakwa kwesistimu yokusebenza. Esikhundleni sokuthembela ku-Windows noma ku-antivirus ehlala khona, ifaka indawo yayo kwimemori (ngokuvamile i-Linux-based Live CD/USB) lapho iskena khona futhi ibulale amagciwane kukhompyutha.

Inzuzo enkulu ukuthi lezi zindawo zisebenza ngokufinyelela okuqondile kudiski kanye nohlelo lwamafayela, zivimbela i-malware ukuthi isebenze kwimemori. Ama-rootkit amaningi, ama-worm athuthukile, nama-Trojans aqhubekayo alayisha khona kanye ekuqaleni kwe-Windows, ngisho nangaphambi kokuba isofthiwe ye-antivirus yendabuko iskenwe, okubavumela ukuthi bafihle noma bavimbele ukususwa kwawo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba isebenza emthonjeni wangaphandle, i-antivirus yokusindisa ayithinti kabi ukusebenza kwekhompyutha yakho kwansuku zonke . Awudingi ukuyifakela noma ukuyisebenzisa ngaso sonke isikhathi; umane uyixhume uma kudingeka, wenze ukuskena okuphelele, bese uyibeka kude kuze kube yilapho kuhlolwa ukulungiswa okulandelayo.

Esimweni lapho ukuhlaselwa kwe-cyber kuba yinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe , ngobuthakathaka obungalungiswanga kanye nabasebenzisi abaphelelwa amandla, lolu hlobo lwamathuluzi luyinsika enamandla kokubili kubasebenzisi basekhaya nabebhizinisi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kwi-Windows, okuhlala kuyisistimu yokusebenza ehlaselwa kakhulu futhi lapho lezi zixazululo zokutakula zikhanya khona ngempela, okwenza kube kubalulekile ukwenza ngcono izinsizakalo ze-Windows kanye nokusebenza.

Isebenza kanjani i-antivirus yokusindisa i-CD/USB ebukhoma?

Cishe zonke izinhlelo zokusindisa ama-antivirus zakhiwe ngokusatshalaliswa kwe -Linux ngefomethi ye-Live CD/USB . Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlelo lufakwa ngqo kwimemori kusuka ku-CD, i-DVD, noma i-USB drive, ngaphandle kokuthinta noma ukufaka noma yini ku-hard drive ye-PC ofuna ukuyiskena.

Inqubo evamile ilula: ulanda isithombe se-ISO noma se-IMG esinikezwe umenzi, usishise ku-CD/DVD noma usikopishe kudrayivu ye-USB usebenzisa amathuluzi anjenge-Rufus, i-UNetbootin, i-ImgBurn noma ezinye izinketho ezifanayo, bese ulungiselela ikhompyutha ukuthi iqale kusukela kuleyo media yangaphandle kunokuba isuke kudrayivu yangaphakathi.

Uma indawo yokusindisa isisebenza, uzothola zonke izinhlobo ze-interface: kusukela kumamodi asekelwe kumbhalo ayisisekelo kuya kuma-desktops anezithombe asebenziseka kalula. Kuzo zonke izimo, i-essential iyafana: buyekeza amasignesha, khetha ukuthi yimaphi ama-drive namafolda ozowaskena, hlola umkhakha wokuqalisa, bese uqhubeka nokuhlanza noma ukuhlukanisa noma yini etholakele.

Amaningi alawa ma-disk okusindisa akuvumela ukuthi wenze ukuskena okusheshayo, okugcwele, noma okwenziwe ngokwezifiso , ulungise izinga le-heuristic, unqume ukuthi wenzeni ngefayela ngalinye elinegciwane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ufinyelele amathuluzi engeziwe njengabahloli bamafayela, abahleli bokubhalisa be-Windows, abaphathi be-partition, noma izinsiza zokusekelayo.

Izidingo ezincane zehadiwe zinengqondo impela: iprosesa ye-x86 ehambisanayo, okungenani i-512 MB ye-RAM ezimweni eziningi, ikhono lokuqalisa kusuka ku-CD noma ku-USB, kanye nokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi ukulanda izincazelo zakamuva zegciwane. Kumakhompyutha amadala kakhulu, kungadingeka ukuthi ufake i-BIOS ukuze uphoqelele ukuqala kusuka ku-optical drive noma i-USB. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungasebenzisa izikripthi ze-Windows 11 eziwusizo ukuze wenze ngokuzenzakalelayo ukulanda neminye imisebenzi.

Izinzuzo zangempela kune-antivirus efakiwe

Amandla amakhulu e-antivirus yokusindisa ukuthi ayixhomekile ekusebenzeni kwe-Windows . Uma i-malware yonakalise uhlelo, ivale ideskithophu, noma ivimbele i-antivirus ukuthi isebenze, i-rescue disk isenamandla ngoba iqala ngaphandle futhi iskena amadiski njengokungathi angama-data drive alula—ikakhulukazi awusizo uma ubona i-PC yakho iqandisa noma ibonisa izimpawu zokungazinzi.

Enye inzuzo ebalulekile ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zamathuluzi zivimbela i-malware ukuthi ingalayishi kwimemori . Ama-rootkit e-MBR, izinsongo eziqala ngaphambi kwe-antivirus yakho, noma izifo ezishintsha inqubo yokuqalisa uhlelo azikwazi ukuzivikela noma ukuzifihla kalula lapho ukuskena kwenziwa endaweni yangaphandle.

Kuwusizo kakhulu futhi ekutholeni idatha ebalulekile kumakhompyutha angasasebenzi. Amanye ama-disk okusindisa afaka phakathi abahloli bamafayela, amaklayenti enethiwekhi, ngisho nabaphathi besipele abakhelwe ngaphakathi. Ngale ndlela, ungagcina amadokhumenti abalulekile kwenye idrayivu ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokuhlanza okunamandla noma ukufaka kabusha iWindows. Ngokushesha noma kamuva, kungumqondo omuhle ukwazi ukuthi ungazikhipha kanjani izinhlelo futhi uhlanze i-PC yakho ngamafayela asele.

Okokugcina, njengoba zingadingi ukufakwa unomphela, ungazisebenzisa ekulungiseni njalo noma ngabe i-PC yakho ibonakala isebenza kahle. Ukuskena okumbalwa ngonyaka nge-antivirus enhle yokusindisa kusiza ukuthola izinsongo eziqhubekayo noma izifo okungenzeka ukuthi azizange zibonwe yi-antivirus yakho ehlala khona.

Izinhlelo zokulwa namagciwane zamahhala eziphezulu kakhulu ze-Windows

Cishe bonke abathengisi abakhulu bezokuphepha kwe-cyber banikeza idiski yokusindisa yamahhala noma idrayivu ye-USB . Abanye banezixhumi ezithuthukisiwe nezibuyekeziwe, kanti abanye bagcina ukubukeka kwakudala noma izindlela ezisekelwe kumbhalo, kodwa bonke babelana ngezinto ezibalulekile: injini yokuthola enamandla kanye neziginesha ezibuyekeziwe.

Ngezansi uzothola umbono oningiliziwe wezixazululo ezaziwa kakhulu neziwusizo, kanye nezici zazo ezithile, ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha esifanelana kahle nezidingo zakho.

Idiski Lokusinda laseKaspersky

I-Kaspersky inikeza enye yamadiski okutakula aziwa kakhulu: i-Kaspersky Rescue Disk , esekelwe ku-Gentoo Linux (inguqulo 18.x ekukhishweni kwayo kwakamuva komphakathi). Ilandwa njengesithombe se-ISO, ongasishisa sibe yi-CD/DVD noma udale idrayivu ye-USB ebhuthwayo.

Inhloso yayo icacile: ukuskena nokubulala amagciwane ezinhlelweni zeWindows ezivame ukungafinyeleleki ngenxa yokutheleleka. Ihlanganisa i-Kaspersky Rescue Tool, ehlaziya futhi ihlanze amafayela kanye nemikhakha yokuqalisa, ngisho nasezimweni lapho i-malware ivimba ukuqalisa kwe-Windows noma ikhubaza i-antivirus ehlala khona.

Phakathi kwezici zayo ezintsha nezici eziphawuleka kakhulu ukusekelwa kwehadiwe yesimanje , ukuhambisana ne-UEFI Secure Boot, ukuskena zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezitholiwe, ukuhlanganiswa ne-Kaspersky Security Network, ukutholwa kwe-adware kanye ne-riskware, ukwenziwa kwekhophi yasenqolobaneni yamafayela ngaphambi kokususwa, kanye nezaziso lapho izizindalwazi ze-antivirus seziphelelwe yisikhathi.

Kodwa-ke, kuhloswe ngayo njengethuluzi lokubulala amagciwane kanye kuphela , hhayi njengesivikelo sesikhathi eside. Uma uhlelo seluhlanzekile, isincomo ukufaka uhlelo oluphelele lwe-antivirus ngaphakathi kwe-Windows ukuze kuvikelwe nsuku zonke.

Uhlelo lwe-Avira Rescue

I-Avira Rescue System ingenye inketho esekelwe ku-Linux eseyinesikhathi eside ivumela ukuthi uqale i-PC engayiqalisi i-Windows futhi uyiskene ukuze uthole amagciwane, i-spyware, ama-dialer, ama-rootkit, nezinye izinsongo. Ungalanda isithombe se-ISO ukuze usishise sibe yi-CD noma usebenzise i-executable edala i-disc ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Lolu hlelo lokutakula lunikeza izindlela eziningana zokuskena ezilungisekayo : ukuskena okugcwele, ukuskena okuhlakaniphile, noma ukuskena kwesigaba sokuqalisa kuphela. Kungenzeka futhi ukulungisa izenzo ezithathwayo lapho kutholwa i-malware futhi kwandiswe usesho ukuze kufakwe izigaba ezifana ne-spyware, amahlaya, noma isofthiwe engase ingafuneki.

Isixhumi sayo esibonakalayo esinemifanekiso silula futhi asilula, kodwa sigcwalisa umsebenzi waso ngaphezu kwalokho: ukwenza kube lula ukufinyelela kukhompyutha eyonakele ukuzama ukulungisa uhlelo, ukubuyisa idatha, noma ukuhlanza izifo ezivimbela ukuqala okuvamile.

I-G Data Boot-Medium

I-G Data Boot-Medium ihlanganisa amandla enjini ye-G Data Antivirus nendawo yayo yokuqalisa esebenza ngaphambi kwesistimu yokusebenza. Iwusizo kakhulu uma ukutheleleka kushiye ikhompyutha yakho ingazinzile, ihamba kancane, noma ingaqali ukusebenza.

Ukuqalisa kabusha kusuka kule divayisi kubonisa iphaneli yokulawula enezinketho ezimbili eziyinhloko : ukusebenzisa i-antivirus ukuskena nokuhlanza uhlelo, noma ukuqalisa uhlelo lwe-G Data Backup ukubuyisela idatha. Imenyu ethi "Izinketho" iphinde inikeze ukufinyelela kuthuluzi lolwazi lwesistimu kanye nomphathi wenethiwekhi wokulungiselela izixhumi ze-Ethernet ne-Wi-Fi, kungaba nge-DHCP ezenzakalelayo noma ngokufaka ikheli le-IP ngesandla, imaski ye-subnet, isango, kanye ne-DNS.

Umqondo uwukunikeza indawo yokutakula ephelele , ekwazi ukususa i-malware efakiwe kanye nokusiza ukubuyisela ikhompyutha esimweni sokusebenza, ngaphandle kokudinga ulwazi olubanzi lobuchwepheshe noma ukucushwa okuyinkimbinkimbi.

I-Windows Defender Offline

I-Windows Defender Offline iyisipho se-Microsoft sokuskena izinhlelo ezithelelekile ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi. Iyi-antivirus ephathekayo esebenza ku-CD noma i-USB drive futhi yenzelwe ukubhekana nama-rootkit nezinye izinhlelo ezingase zingafuneki ezimelana nokutholakala yi-Windows uqobo.

I-Microsoft isebenzisa amafayela abuyekezwa njalo okuchaza izinsongo akuvumela ukuthi uthole futhi ususe i-malware yakamuva. Ukuze udale eyodwa, ulanda ithuluzi elithile lezinhlelo ze-32-bit noma ze-64-bit, kuye ngokuthi uzolisebenzisa kuphi, bese udala imidiya ebhuthwayo.

Izidingo zesistimu zincane: kusukela ku -Windows XP SP3 kuya ku-Windows 10 , nge-512 MB noma i-1 GB ye-RAM kuye ngenguqulo, isinqumo esincane esingu-800x600, kanye nesikhala sediski esingu-500 MB. Uma idrayivu ye-CD noma ye-USB isidaliwe, vele uyiqalise bese ulandela i-wizard ukuze uqalise ukuskena okujulile.

I-F-Secure Rescue CD

I-F -Secure Rescue CD iyithuluzi elisekelwe ku-Knoppix Linux elilayisha indawo encane kakhulu enhloso yayo iwukuthola ukufinyelela ohlelweni namafayela, kanye nokususa izinsongo ezivimbela ukuqala kabusha okuvamile.

Ikuvumela ukuthi ufake kokubili amavolumu axhunyiwe kanye ne-Master Boot Record (MBR) yawo wonke amadrayivu ekuskeni . Inqubekela phambili iboniswa ngedatha efana nenani lamafayela ahlaziyiwe kanye nenani le-malware elitholiwe, futhi injini ivuselelwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngezincazelo zakamuva.

Kwezinye izimo, imikhuba yokubulala amagciwane ingase inganele ukuhlanza amafayela athile, kodwa idiski ingasetshenziswa futhi ukukopisha idatha ehlanzekile kwenye indlela ngaphambi kwezinyathelo ezinqala kakhulu. Uma udinga ukuqala kusuka ku-USB, kuzodingeka usebenzise amathuluzi afana ne-UNetbootin noma i-Rufus ukuze udlulisele i-ISO kudrayivu ye-USB.

UDkt Web LiveDisk

I-Dr.Web LiveDisk iyidiski yokusindisa yohlelo lwe-antivirus oludumile lwaseRussia i-Dr.Web. Isebenza njengekhithi yezimo eziphuthumayo engashiswa ibe yi-CD/DVD noma idrayivu ye-USB ebhuthwayo futhi yenzelwe ukuhlanza izinhlelo ze-Windows ezingasetshenziswa yi-malware.

Le ndawo ezimele ithola ngokuzenzakalelayo ama-disk drive atholakalayo kanye nenethiwekhi yendawo , futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ubuyekeze isizindalwazi segciwane ngaphambi kokuskena. Ngaphezu kokuskena nokuhlanza amafayela anegciwane, inikeza inketho yokukopisha ulwazi olubalulekile kuma-media asusekayo noma kwamanye amakhompyutha, okuwusizo ngaphambi kokufometha.

I-Dr.Web LiveDisk yakhelwe ukusebenza kuma-PC anezinguqulo ze-Windows ezingama-32-bit kanye nama-64-bit, uma nje i-BIOS isekela ukuqala kusuka ku-hard drive ye-USB. Ukulanda kunikezwa ngefomethi ye-ISO ye-CD noma njengesithombe se-USB, okukuvumela ukuthi ukhethe ifomethi yemidiya efanelana kahle nezidingo zakho.

Ikhithi yokuhlenga kaZiqu-zintathu

I-Trinity Rescue Kit (TRK) iyi-suite yokusindisa ye-ISO ebhuthwayo edlula isofthiwe ye-antivirus yendabuko. Ihlanganisa izinjini ezifika kwezinhlanu zokulwa ne-malware (i-ClamAV, i-AVG, i-F-Prot, i-Bitdefender, ne-Avast) ngaphansi kwesixhumi esibonakalayo somugqa womyalo ohlanganisiwe , ngezibuyekezo eziku-inthanethi, futhi ifaka namathuluzi amabili e-anti-rootkit.

Nakuba ukubukeka kwayo kunobuchwepheshe futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa, i-TRK ifaka inqwaba yezinsizakusebenza zesistimu ezinamandla: i-Winpass yokusetha kabusha amaphasiwedi e-Windows , ukwesekwa kokubhala kwe-NTFS, i-Winclean yokususa amafayela esikhashana, ukubuyiselwa kwamafayela okususiwe, amathuluzi enethiwekhi anokusekelwa kwe-proxy, ukubuyiselwa kwe-partition okulahlekile, nokunye okuningi.

Ilandwa njengesithombe se-ISO sokushiswa ku-CD noma njengesithombe esisebenzisekayo esenza lokho kushiswa kube ngokuzenzakalela, futhi ihloselwe kakhulu abaphathi nabasebenzisi abathuthukile abadinga ummese we-Swiss Army ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi ezivela ku-malware noma ukwehluleka kwesistimu.

I-Panda SafeCD / I-Panda SafeDisk

I-Panda SafeCD noma i-Panda SafeDisk iyisisombululo sokutakula se-Panda Security. Inhloso yayo ukuskena nokubulala amagciwane ohlelweni lwakho ngaphandle kokufaka noma yini ngaphakathi kwe-Windows, ukuqala ngqo kusuka ku-CD noma i-USB drive.

Ithuluzi livelele ngokusetshenziswa kwalo okulula : alinikezi izinketho eziningi zokwenza ngokwezifiso, kodwa kunalokho lilayisha iwizadi esesha ngokuzenzakalelayo izincazelo zakamuva futhi, uma ucindezela u-"qala", iqala ukuskena lonke uhlelo ukuthola amafayela anonya.

I-Panda inikeza isithombe se-ISO ukuze usilande futhi usishise ku-CD-ROM, noma inketho yokudala idrayivu ye-USB ebhuthwayo usebenzisa i-UNetbootin . Lokhu kudinga enye ikhompyutha esebenzayo ukuze ulande isithombe futhi udale imidiya ebhuthwayo. Uma usulungile, vele uvule i-PC enesifo ku-CD/USB bese uvumela injini kaPanda ukuthi yenze umsebenzi wayo.

I-AVG Rescue CD

I-AVG Rescue CD iyiqoqo lamathuluzi aphelele agcinwe endaweni yokutakula esekelwe kumbhalo. Itholakala ngezinguqulo ezimbili: isithombe se-ISO sama-CD kanye nedrayivu ye-USB ebhuthwayo.

Uma uqala i-PC yakho kule midiya, kuvela imenyu enkulu lapho ungaskena khona uhlelo , ubuyekeze amalogi okuskena angaphambilini, ulungiselele inethiwekhi, uhlole i-vault yegciwane, noma ufake kabusha amavolumu e-Windows. Iphinde ifake izikripthi ezinganconywa ngabasekeli bezobuchwepheshe be-AVG ukuxazulula izinkinga ezithile, kufaka phakathi amaphutha angamanga.

Enye yezinzuzo zayo ezinhle ukufinyelela kwezinye izinsiza ezengeziwe ze-Linux : ithuluzi le-ping, i-file explorer, i-Windows registry editor, i-disk data recovery utility, kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-SMART ukuhlola isimo somzimba sama-drive.

Ngenxa yemvelo yayo kanye ne-interface esekelwe kumbhalo, i-AVG Rescue CD inconywa kakhulu kubasebenzisi abanolwazi oluthile , njengoba ivumela ukulawula okuhle kakhulu kodwa idinga ukuqonda okuhle ngalokho okwenziwayo esinyathelweni ngasinye.

I-Trend Micro Rescue Disk

I-Trend Micro Rescue Disk iyisisombululo esiphathekayo esikuvumela ukuthi uskene i-PC yakho kusuka ku-CD/DVD, i-USB drive, noma ngisho ne-hard drive yangaphandle ngaphandle kokulayisha i-Windows. Yenzelwe ukuthola nokususa izinsongo eziqhubekayo noma okunzima ukuzihlanza, njenge-rootkits efihliwe ku-MBR.

Inzuzo yayo eyinhloko ukuthi, ngoba isebenza ngaphandle kwe-Windows , ingahlaziya amafayela afihliwe, abashayeli besistimu, kanye ne-Master Boot Record ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwe-malware. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ifaka indlela yokubuyisela emuva yokulungisa izinguquko uma okuthile kungahambi njengoba kuhleliwe.

Ukuze uqale, landa isifaki, usigcine kukhompyutha esebenzayo, bese ulungisa i-CD/DVD noma idrayivu ye-USB engenalutho okungenani engu-128 MB . I-Trend Micro wizard izonakekela okunye. Ngokuphathelene nezidingo zesistimu, idinga iprosesa ye-Intel Pentium engu-500 MHz, i-RAM engu-256 MB, kanye nekhono lokuqalisa kusuka ku-CD noma i-USB (ukusekelwa kwe-USB 3.0 kungase kukhawulelwe kwezinye izinguqulo).

Ukuhlengwa kwe-VBA32

I-Vba32 Rescue iyithuluzi elingaziwa kakhulu kodwa eliwusizo kakhulu elikuvumela ukuthi ubuyisele ukusebenza kwesistimu ngemuva kwezinsongo ze-malware. Ifilosofi yayo igxile ekuqaliseni okusheshayo kanye nokuskena okulungisekayo kakhulu , kanye nekhono lokuzama ukwelapha izifo ngempumelelo enkulu.

Ngaphezu kokuskena okulwa ne-malware, lolu hlelo lokusebenza lusiza ekugcinweni kwamafayela abalulekile ezimweni ezibucayi , okukuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze idatha ngaphambi kokwenza izinguquko ezibalulekile. Izinzuzo zalo zifaka phakathi izibuyekezo zesiginesha ngaphandle kokuphinda ulande isithombe sonke, ikhono lokugcina inguqulo ebuyekeziwe ngqo kudrayivu ye-USB, kanye nokufakwa kwamathuluzi afana ne-mhdd kanye ne-memtest okuhlola ihadiwe.

IComodo Rescue Disk

I-Comodo Rescue Disk (CRD) iyisithombe esiqalwa kabusha esisebenzisa injini ye-Comodo Cleaning Essentials endaweni engaphambi kokuqaliswa. Inikeza kokubili isikhombikubona sesithombe kanye nemodi yombhalo futhi yakhelwe ukubhekana ne-malware efakwe ngokujulile kangangokuthi uhlelo olujwayelekile lwe-antivirus alukwazi ukuyisusa.

Ngenxa yokuthi isebenza ngaphambi kokuba uhlelo lulayishe, i-CRD isebenza kahle kakhulu kuma -rootkit agxilile kanye nezifo ezivimbela i-Windows ukuthi iqalise ukusebenza. Ilanda ngokuzenzakalelayo amasignesha akamuva egciwane futhi, ngaphezu kokuskena, ifaka amathuluzi okuhlola amafayela kudiski, ukuthatha izithombe-skrini, kanye nokuphequlula i-inthanethi.

Akudingi ukufakwa kwe-hard drive: isebenza ngqo kusuka ku-USB noma ku-CD/DVD . Iyahambisana ne-Windows XP, Vista, 7, kanye no-8 (zombili ezingama-32-bit kanye nama-64-bit), futhi idinga okungenani iprosesa ye-Pentium II 233 MHz, i-RAM engu-512 MB, kanye nesikhala sediski esingaba ngu-210 MB ukuze isebenze.

Ithuluzi Lokubuyisela I-Norton Bootable

I -Norton Bootable Recovery Tool (NBRT) iyisisombululo esisetshenziswa yiSymantec lapho ukutheleleka kuvimbela ukufakwa noma ukusetshenziswa okufanele kwemikhiqizo yeNorton, noma kuvimbela ngisho neWindows ukuthi iqalise. Ikuvumela ukuthi uskene ikhompyutha yakho ngokuqalisa kusuka ku-DVD noma ku-USB drive bese ususa izinsongo eziqhubekayo.

Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukulungisa izifo ezithinta amafayela esistimu angenakususwa endaweni evamile ye-Windows. Inqubo ihilela ukulanda isithombe se-ISO, ukudala imidiya yokusindisa, kanye nokulungiselela i-BIOS ukuze iqalise kuleyo divayisi. Ingakha futhi idrayivu ye-USB ebhuthwayo, yize ukwenza kanjalo kuzosula konke okuqukethwe kwangaphambilini.

Uma indawo isilayishiwe, ithuluzi linikeza isikhombikubona sezithombe esincane esinezinketho ezicacile zokuskena nokuhlanza. Kwezinye izinguqulo, ukuhlanganiswa nezinsiza ezifana ne-Norton Power Eraser kunqunyelwe, kodwa kusalokhu kuyindlela eqinile yokubuyisela izinhlelo ezonakele kakhulu.

I-ESET SysRescue Live

I-ESET SysRescue Live iyisisombululo se-ESET sokuskena nokuhlanza izinhlelo ngaphandle kwe-Windows. Ingafakwa kudrayivu ye-USB, i-CD, noma i-DVD, futhi i-Live USB Creator yayo ifaka i-wizard ecacile kakhulu yokudala imidiya ebhuthwayo (ukufometha idrayivu ngenqubo, ngakho-ke kuyalulekwa ukwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yokuqukethwe kwayo).

Uma usuqalile, i-ESET SysRescue ifinyelela ngqo ohlelweni lwefayela kanye ne-hard drive , okuvumela ukuhlaziywa okujulile komkhakha wokuqalisa, izingxenye, ama-drive angaphandle, namafolda athile. Inikeza amaphrofayili okuskena ahlakaniphile, agcwele, noma enziwe ngokwezifiso, okuvumela ukuthi ucacise kahle ukuthi yini eskenwe.

Ithuluzi lingalungiselelwa ukubika amafayela asolisayo ngaphandle kokuwasusa, noma ukuwahlanza ngokuzenzakalela nokuwahlukanisa. Imiphumela ifakwa ku-log, futhi uhlelo luhlinzeka ngezibalo eziningiliziwe namagrafu ngokuvikelwa kanye nezinto ezihlaziyiwe.

Njengoba inenjini yokutholwa enamandla kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo sesimanje, isibe ngesinye samadiski okusindisa agcinwe kahle futhi alula ukuwasebenzisa , afanele abasebenzisi basekhaya kanye nezindawo zobungcweti.

I-Avast Rescue Disk (edalwe kusuka ku-Avast efakiwe)

Icala lika- Avast lihlukile kancane: alinikezi i-rescue ISO elandwa ngqo; kunalokho, idiski yokutakula ikhiqizwa kusuka ku-Avast Antivirus yokufaka iWindows . Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi inguqulo yamahhala yedeskithophu yanele; izindaba ezimbi ukuthi udinga ukuyifakela kusengaphambili kwi-PC ehlanzekile.

Ukuze uyidale, udinga enye ikhompyutha engenayo i-malware, ene-Avast efakiwe, kanye ne -USB drive engenalutho okungenani engu-2 GB noma i-DVD eqoshwayo . Kusukela ngaphakathi kwe-Avast, ukhetha ukudala i-Rescue Disk, ukhethe ukuthi ufuna i-USB drive noma ifayela le-ISO, bese uhlelo luzolungisa imidiya, lubonise ibha yokuqhubeka kuze kuqedwe.

Uma ukhetha ifayela le-ISO, ungasebenzisa ithuluzi lokushisa isithombe sediski le-Windows noma isofthiwe efanayo ukudala i-DVD. Kuma-drive e-USB, mane ukhethe idrayivu efanele bese uvumela i-Avast ukuthi ikopishe wonke amafayela adingekayo.

Ukuze usebenzise le disk yokutakula, vula i-PC enesifo, faka i-USB drive noma i-DVD, bese ufinyelela imenyu yokuqalisa yekhompyutha (ngokuvamile usebenzisa okhiye abanjengo-F8, F9, F11, F12, noma i-Esc, kuye ngomkhiqizi). Ukusuka lapho, khetha idivayisi ehambisanayo bese ulandela imiyalelo esesikrinini ukuze uqalise indawo yokutakula ye-Avast.

Uma usulayishiwe, ungenza iskena nge -AvastPE Antivirus , ubuyekeze izincazelo uma unoxhumano lwe-inthanethi, bese ukhetha ukuthi uzoskena wonke ama-hard drive noma amafolda nama-drive athile kuphela. Uma usuqedile, umbiko uzobonisa izinsongo ezitholakele, futhi ungakhetha phakathi kokulungisa okuzenzakalelayo noma ukuskena ngesandla amafayela anegciwane.

Amathiphu awusizo okudala nokusebenzisa la mathuluzi okutakula

Empeleni, ukudala i-antivirus enhle yokusindisa kuhilela ukulandela inqubo efanayo: ukulanda isithombe se-ISO esisemthethweni , usishise ngohlelo oluthembekile, bese uqinisekisa ukuthi ikhompyutha eqondiwe isekela ukuqala kusuka ku-medium ekhethiwe.

Kumakhompyutha anamuhla, umlayezo uvame ukuvela kafushane uma uvula i-PC ebonisa ukhiye wokufaka imenyu yokuqalisa. Emishinini emidala, kungadingeka ukuthi ufake i-BIOS bese ushintsha i- oda lokuqalisa ukuze ubeke i-CD/DVD noma i-USB drive ngaphambi kwe-hard drive.

Amathuluzi afana neRufus, i-UNetbootin, i-ImgBurn, nezinye izinsiza ezinconywe ngumenzi ngamunye zenza inqubo yokudala ibe lula kakhulu. Ngokuyisisekelo, ukhetha isithombe se-ISO, idrayivu yendawo, bese uvumela uhlelo lokusebenza ukuthi lulungiselele i-Bootable Live CD/USB ngaphandle kokuthi ulungise noma yiziphi izilungiselelo ezithuthukisiwe.

Umkhuba omuhle ukuhlala unediski elilodwa noma amabili okusindisa avuselelwe , nokufunda ukuthi ungakhulula kanjani isikhala ku-Windows ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza. Kungumqondo omuhle ukuqala kuwo ngezikhathi ezithile, ubuyekeze amasignesha e-firmware, bese usebenzisa ukuskena okugcwele, noma ngabe awuboni lutho olungavamile. Kukhona i-malware ethule elayisha kwimemori ekuqaleni futhi kunzima kakhulu ukuyiqeda uma uhlelo seluqalile.

Ekugcineni, ukuba ne-antivirus yokusindisa elungiselelwe kahle kwenza umehluko phakathi kokulwa nokutheleleka okuyinkimbinkimbi ngokungaboni nokuba nethuluzi elinamandla, elizimele ohlelweni lokusebenza elikwazi ukuthola nokubulala amagciwane kwi-malware eqhubekayo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwekhompyutha kwansuku zonke noma kuye ngokuthi iWindows ifuna ukuqala yini.