- Irutha ixhuma amadivayisi ku-inthanethi ngokuphephile nangokuthembekile.
- Kubalulekile ukumisa irutha ngendlela efanele ukuze ugweme izinkinga zokuxhuma.
- Ukwazi imininingwane yakho yokungena kubalulekile ekulungiseleleni umzila wakho.
- Izilungiselelo eziyinhloko zifaka igama lenethiwekhi kanye nohlobo lokuphepha.
Ukuxhuma ku-inthanethi sekungomunye wemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu kunoma yiliphi ikhaya. Ukungena KuWebhu Yomhlaba Wonke akusivumeli nje kuphela ukuthi sixhumane nabanye, kodwa futhi kuvula indawo yonke yolwazi, ezokuzijabulisa kanye namathuba emfundo. Nokho, ukuze usebenzise ngokugcwele lawa mathuba, kubalulekile ukuba nomzila omiswe kahle.
Yini i-Router?
Ixhuma ku-inthanethi ngokuphephile
Irutha iyisisetshenziswa esikuvumela ukuthi uxhume ku-inthanethi ngokuphephile nangokuthembekile. Inesibopho sokudlulisa idatha kusuka kunethiwekhi eyodwa kuya kwenye, ngakho-ke uma ufuna xhuma amanethiwekhi amabili, udinga irutha.
Inethiwekhi yasekhaya evamile izoba nomzila oyinhloko oxhunywe ngokuqondile kumodemu ye-ISP (Internet Service Provider) ngentambo ye-Ethernet, yona exhuma wonke amanye amadivayisi, njengamakhompyutha aphathekayo nama-smartphone, ngamasignali e-Wi-Fi.
Ixhuma kuphi irutha?
Irutha ixhuma ngqo kumhlinzeki wakho we-inthanethi, njenge-Telmex noma i-VTR, futhi ekwenzayo ukuthumela ulwazi oluthola ngekhebula kumadivayisi axhunywe kuyo.
I-router iyindawo ephakathi kwanoma iyiphi inethiwekhi futhi inemisebenzi emibili eyinhloko: eyodwa ukuxhuma wonke amakhompyutha kunethiwekhi ukuze bakwazi ukuxhumana; Futhi okunye ukuphepha, okusiza ukuvimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe emithonjeni yangaphandle (isibonelo, abaduni).
Idatha evela kumhlinzeki owenza isivumelwano naye isevisi
Ukuze ulungiselele kahle irutha yakho, udinga ukuba nolwazi oluthile oluvela kumhlinzeki onenkontileka naye yesevisi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa:
- Igama lakho lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi ukuze ufinyelele iphothali yesilawuli kude.
- Inombolo yocingo yesikhungo sesevisi yamakhasimende lapho uthenge khona i-inthanethi yeselula (ungaphinda uzame ukusebenzisa isiphequluli esifana ne-Google Chrome noma i-Internet Explorer futhi uthumele umlayezo wombhalo (SMS) enombolweni yesevisi yekhasimende yesevisi yocingo ecela ulwazi).
Finyelela ukuqinisekisa
Kufanele wazi igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi ukuze ufinyelele iphothali yakho yesilawuli kude. Uma ungabazi, cela usizo abangani bakho noma umndeni wakho.
Ungazama futhi ukusebenzisa isiphequluli esifana ne-Google Chrome noma i-Internet Explorer futhi uthumele umlayezo wombhalo (SMS) enombolweni yesevisi yekhasimende yesevisi yocingo ucela ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze uyilungiselele.
Uma ungakakwazi ukumisa umzila wakho, kunendlela yokwenza lokho ngaphandle kokuthi ushayele isevisi yamakhasimende. Ungaphinda uzame ukusebenzisa isiphequluli esifana ne-Google Chrome noma i-Internet Explorer futhi uthumele umlayezo wombhalo (SMS) enombolweni yesevisi yekhasimende yesevisi yocingo ucela ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze lukumise.
Qinisekisa ukuthi unalo lonke ulwazi olulungile ngaphambi kokuthumela le-SMS, ngoba uma ingamukelwa kahle, kungase kube nezinkinga zokumisa umzila ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma ungayitholi impendulo esheshayo nge-SMS noma ngocingo, sicela uzame futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma kwenzeka bebematasa ngaleso sikhathi futhi bangabona umlayezo wakho wangaphambilini ngaso leso sikhathi.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi ungayimisa kanjani irutha yakho ukuze ugweme izinkinga ngoxhumano lwakho lwe-WiFi.
Uma ungazi ukuthi ungayimisa kanjani irutha yakho, noma uma kukhona okungahambi kahle ngezilungiselelo zayo, izinto ezimbalwa zingenzeka. Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu yilezi:
- Ukuxhumeka kwakho kwe-WiFi kuzohamba kancane noma kungathembeki. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amanye amarutha anezilungiselelo ezingalungiselelwanga ukuxhumana kwesivinini esikhulu. Ungase futhi ube nenkinga yokuxhumana nabanye. amadivaysi enethiwekhi noma ungase ungakwazi ukufinyelela i-inthanethi uma uxhume ku-WiFi.
- Idivaysi ingase ingaxhumeki ngokuzenzakalelayo uma ivaliwe (noma ikwimodi yokulinda). Lokhu kwaziwa njengemodi "yokulala" futhi yakhelwe ukusindisa impilo yebhethri kumakhompyutha aphathekayo nama-smartphone, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lesi sici asisebenzi kahle ngezinguqulo ezithile ze-router firmware.
Isetha irutha
Ukusetha irutha kungahluka kuye ngemodeli nomkhiqizo, kodwa ngezansi ngizonikeza umhlahlandlela ojwayelekile wokuthi ungasetha kanjani umzila:
Okokuqala, qiniseka ukuthi unokufinyelela ngokomzimba kumzila kanye nemibhalo yomkhiqizi. Lokhu kuvame ukufaka imanuwali yomsebenzisi ezohlinzeka ngemiyalo eqondene nemodeli yakho.
Xhuma okokusebenza kokunikezwa kwamandla futhi uqiniseke ukuthi kuvuliwe. Okulandelayo, xhuma ikhebuli ye-ethernet ukusuka embotsheni ye-WAN yomzila uye kumodemu ehlinzekwe Umhlinzeki Wesevisi Ye-inthanethi (ISP). Uma irutha yakho iyimodeli ehlanganisa irutha nemodemu kokukodwa, lesi sinyathelo ngeke sidingeke.
Xhuma idivayisi, njengekhompyutha ephathekayo noma i-smartphone, kumzila wakho usebenzisa i- cable i-ethernet noma ngenethiwekhi ye-WiFi ezenzakalelayo yomzila. Qiniseka ukuthi idivayisi ixhunywe kahle ngaphambi kokuqhubeka.
Ukufaka ikheli le-IP esipheqululini kuzovula ikhasi lokungena lomzila. Faka igama lomsebenzisi elizenzakalelayo nephasiwedi enikezwe kumadokhumenti noma phansi kumzila. Uma ushintshe igama lakho lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi, zisebenzise ukuze ufinyelele iphaneli yezilungiselelo.
Ukucupha okujwayelekile
Uma usungene ngempumelelo, uzoboniswa iphaneli yokumisa lapho ungenza khona ngokwezifiso izilungiselelo zerutha yakho. Nazi ezinye izilungiselelo ezijwayelekile ongazilungisa:
- Shintsha igama lenethiwekhi ye-WiFi (SSID) nephasiwedi ukuze uvikele inethiwekhi yakho.
- Setha ifayela le- uhlobo lokuphepha yenethiwekhi ye-WiFi, okungcono ukusebenzisa i-WPA2-PSK, ukuze uqinisekise ukuxhumana okuphephile.
- Isetha uhlobo lokubethela lwephasiwedi yomlawuli.
Nika amandla noma vala ukuhlunga ikheli le-MAC ukuze ukhawulele ukufinyelela kunethiwekhi yakho. - Lungiselela uhlobo loxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi, olufana ne-DHCP noma i-PPPoE, ngokwemiyalelo enikezwe i-ISP yakho.
- Yenza izinguquko ozifunayo bese ulondoloza izilungiselelo. Umzila wakho uzoqala kabusha ukuze usebenzise izilungiselelo.
Sicela uqaphele ukuthi lo mhlahlandlela uwumbono nje futhi izinyathelo eziqondile zingahluka kuye ngemodeli yerutha nomkhiqizo wakho. Ngaso sonke isikhathi landela imiyalelo enikezwe umenzi kumadokhumenti athile omzila wakho ukuze ucushwe kahle.
Isiphetho
Ukuxhuma ku-inthanethi sekuwumsebenzi obalulekile kunoma yiliphi ikhaya lesimanje, njengoba kusiza ukufinyelela inhlobonhlobo yezinsiza, izinsiza namathuba okuzijabulisa. Uxhumano lwe-inthanethi oluhle lungacebisa izimpilo zethu zansuku zonke ngezindlela eziningi, kusukela ekusivumeleni sisebenze sisuka ekhaya siye ekufinyeleleni imfundo ye-inthanethi kanye nokujabulela ukuzijabulisa kwedijithali. Kodwa-ke, ikhwalithi yalolo xhumo incike kakhulu ekutheni isistimu yakho yenethiwekhi yasekhaya imiswa kanjani, ikakhulukazi amadivayisi afana namarutha kanye shintsha amahabhu.
Okuqukethwe