I-Linux kumodi ebukhoma kanye ne-USB ebukhoma: izinzuzo, ukusetshenziswa kanye nemikhawulo

Informatec Digital » Izinsiza » I-Linux kumodi ebukhoma kanye ne-USB ebukhoma: izinzuzo, ukusetshenziswa kanye nemikhawulo

Ukuqalisa i-Linux kumodi ebukhoma noma kusuka kudrayivu ye-USB eqhubekayo sekuyindlela eguquguqukayo kakhulu yokusebenzisa lolu hlelo ngaphandle kokuthinta i-hard drive. Uma ungabaza phakathi kokuqalisa kabili nge-Windows noma uthembele ku-USB ebukhoma, noma ufuna nje ukuba nohlelo lwe-Linux oluphuthumayo ephaketheni lakho, uzofuna ukuqonda ukuthi inketho ngayinye inikeza ini nokuthi imikhawulo yayo ikuphi.

Sekuyiminyaka eminingi abasebenzisi abaningi besebenzisa ukusethwa kwe-dual-boot : i-Windows yokudlala imidlalo noma ukusetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezithile, kanye ne-Linux yomsebenzi, ukuhlela, noma ukulungisa. Abanye, nokho, bakhetha idrayivu ye-USB ene-Linux elungele ukuqala noma iyiphi i-PC ngaphandle kokushiya umkhondo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izinzuzo zemodi ebukhoma, ukuphikelela kwe-USB, ukuthi ihluke kanjani ekufakweni kwediski ephelele, nokuthi konke lokhu kuhambisana kanjani nesipiliyoni se-dual-boot.

Iyini ngempela imodi ye-Linux Live (CD/USB)?

Uhlelo lwe-Linux Live luyisithombe esivulekayo (ngokuvamile i-ISO) esisebenza ngqo kusuka kumidiya yangaphandle, njenge-CD/DVD endala noma, kulezi zinsuku, cishe njalo kuyi-USB drive. Uhlelo lufakwa kakhulu kwi-RAM, ngakho-ke lungasebenza ngaphandle kokufakwa ku-hard drive yekhompyutha.

Lo mbono awumusha: emuva ngasekupheleni kwawo-90 nasekuqaleni kwawo-2000, kwavela ukusatshalaliswa okufana ne -DemoLinux kanye ne-Yggdrasil Linux/GNU/X okungase kuzanywe ngokuqala kabusha kusuka ku-CD, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ama-partitions noma ukufaka i-Windows engozini. Lokhu kwasiza abantu abaningi ukunqoba ukwesaba kwabo i-Linux, ngoba babekwazi ukuzama ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuphazamisa noma yini.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ifomethi yathuthuka: okokuqala i-LiveCD kanye ne-LiveDVD , ezazithandwa kakhulu ngoba ama-optical drive ayeshibhile futhi eshesha ngaleso sikhathi, kamuva i-Live USB , okuyizinto ezijwayelekile manje ngoba cishe ayikho i-PC yesimanje ene-CD noma i-DVD drive.

Empeleni, uma uqala imodi ebukhoma, uhlelo lufakwa kwimemori futhi i -hard drive yangaphakathi ingahlala ingathinteki nhlobo , ngaphandle kokuthi ukhetha ukufaka izingxenye zayo ukuze ufinyelele idatha. Lokhu kwenza izindawo ezibukhoma zibe amathuluzi afanele kokubili ukuhlola ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux kanye nezinhlelo zokubuyisa.

I-USB ebukhoma vs. i-CD ebukhoma: Kungani idrayivu ye-USB iphumelele empini

Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-CD yendabuko, ukusebenzisa idrayivu ye-USB ukuqala i-Linux Live kunikeza izinzuzo ezicacile kakhulu . Eyokuqala isobala: idrayivu ye-USB ingabhalwa futhi isulwe kalula, ngakho ungabuyekeza isithombe, ushintshe ukusatshalaliswa, noma wengeze ukuphikelela ngaphandle kokulahla enye idiski.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-USB flash drive awanazo izingxenye ezihambayo, okwenza kube lula ukuthola amafayela amancane kunange-optical drive. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinhlelo ezilula zivula ngokushesha kusuka ku-Live USB kunaku-CD noma ngisho nakwamanye ama-hard drive amadala emishini.

Akuzona zonke izinto eziphelele: ububanzi be-bandwidth yama-drive amaningi e-USB, ikakhulukazi uma usebenza nama-port e-USB 2.0 noma ngisho ne-1.1 kumakhompyutha amadala kakhulu, bunganciphisa isivinini sokuqalisa uhlelo . Emishinini engenalo ukwesekwa kwe-USB 2.0, ukuqala kusuka ku-Live USB kungaba kancane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne-hard drive yangaphakathi yesimanje.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi akuwona wonke amakhompyutha asekela ukuqalisa i-USB , ikakhulukazi imishini emidala kakhulu . Kulezo zimo, ungasebenzisa izindlela zokubhekana nezinkinga ezifana ne-CD encane ebhuthwayo noma ngisho ne-floppy disk ebhuthwayo "eqondisa kabusha" inqubo yokuqalisa kwi-USB drive.

Izinzuzo ezisebenzayo zemodi ebukhoma: ukuhlola, ukulungisa, kanye nobumfihlo

Enye yezinzuzo ezinhle ze-Linux Live (isibonelo, i-Ubuntu Live) ukuthi ikuvumela ukuthi uzame ukusabalalisa ngaphandle kokufaka noma yini . Uhlelo lulayisha ku-RAM, futhi uma nje ungafaki noma ungashintshi i-hard drive, yonke idatha yakho ihlala ingashintshi. Lokhu kuhle uma ukhetha phakathi kokusabalalisa okuningana noma ufuna ukubona ukuthi kusebenza kanjani kwihadiwe yakho.

Le modi futhi iwummese we-Swiss Army wokuxilonga nokulungisa izinhlelo . Njengoba ingaxhomekile ohlelweni lokusebenza olufakwe kudiski, ungaqalisa i-PC eyekile ukuqala i-Windows noma i-Linux, ufake izingxenye zayo, bese: buyisela amafayela asusiwe, ukopishe idatha kwenye idrayivu, ulungise umphathi we-boot, usebenzise ama-antivirus scan angaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, noma uhlole isimo sehadiwe.

I-Live ilungele ukuhlolwa okungenazingozi : ungashintsha izilungiselelo, ufake amaphakheji kuleyo seshini, uhlole ihadiwe, noma usebenzise amathuluzi okuhlaziya anamandla wazi ukuthi izinguquko zizonyamalala uma uvala. Uma nje ungathinti amadiski angaphakathi, akunakwenzeka "ukuphula" ukufakwa kwakho okuyinhloko.

Ngokuphathelene nokuphepha nobumfihlo , izinhlelo ze-Live zinenye inzuzo: azishiyi mkhondo oqhubekayo ku-hard drive yekhompyutha lapho zisetshenziswa khona. Konke kusebenza kwimemori, futhi uma ungavumeli ukuphikelela ku-USB drive, uma uvala ikhompyutha abukho ubufakazi bendawo bemisebenzi yakho eshiywe ngemuva—into ebaluleke kakhulu ezimweni zokuhlola noma zokuhlola, noma uma nje ungafuni ukushiya noma yiziphi izinhlayiya zedijithali.

Ekugcineni, idrayivu ye-USB ene-Linux Live isebenza njengedeskithophu ephathekayo . Uya endlini yomngane, esikhungweni sokufunda, noma ekhefini le-inthanethi elinekhompyutha okungeyona eyakho: uqala i-USB yakho bese usebenza nendawo okuyo (futhi, uma ulungiselele ukuphikelela, ngedatha nezinhlelo zakho). Uma unqamula idivayisi, akukho lutho olusalayo kukhompyutha ephethe.

Phila ngaphandle kokuphikelela, bukhoma okuqhubekayo, kanye nokufakwa okugcwele ku-USB

Uma sikhuluma nge-"Linux Live on USB," empeleni sihlanganisa izindlela eziningana ezahlukene. Elula kakhulu yi- classic Live without persistency ; okungukuthi, i-clone ye-LiveCD, kodwa ku-USB drive: isithombe esicindezelwe siyalayishwa, uhlelo lusebenza nge-RAM, futhi konke okwenzayo kuyalahleka lapho uqala kabusha.

Yilapho ama-Live drive aqhubekayo eqala khona ukusebenza . Kulo modeli, ngaphezu kwesithombe sesistimu, kudalwa ifayela noma i-partition ekhethekile (isibonelo, i-casper-rw ku-Ubuntu noma i-overlay-USBLABEL-UUID ku-Fedora) lapho okuthandayo, amanye amaphakheji afakiwe, namadokhumenti kugcinwa khona. Uma uqala kabusha, lezi zinguquko zisetshenziswa ohlelweni oluyisisekelo ngokusobala.

Lesi sici sokuphikelela sikuvumela ukuthi wenze ngezifiso i-distro ngaphandle kokufakwa okuningi : ungaba nedrayivu eyodwa ye-USB ene-Ubuntu Live futhi ugcine izilungiselelo zakho, amaphasiwedi e-Wi-Fi, ezinye izinhlelo ezengeziwe, amadokhumenti, njll. Isikhala esingama-MB ambalwa noma ama-GB ambalwa ngokuvamile sanele ukusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe.

Kodwa-ke, indawo ebukhoma eqhubekayo inemikhawulo ebalulekile: ayiklanyelwe izibuyekezo ze-kernel noma ukuthuthukiswa kwesistimu egcwele , futhi imisebenzi ethile, njengokufaka abashayeli abakhethekile kakhulu, ingaba yinkinga. Iwusizo kakhulu ekulungiseni okulinganiselwe, kodwa ayithathi indawo ngokuphelele yokufaka okuvamile.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuguqula idrayivu ye-USB ibe ukufakwa okuphelele kwe-Linux , njengedrayivu yangaphandle. Kulesi simo, awusebenzi nge-ISO ecindezelwe kodwa usebenzisa uhlelo "lwangempela" olufakwe kudrayivu ye-USB: umphathi wokuqalisa, izingxenye, iziqondiso zesistimu, umsebenzisi, ukubethela okugcwele uma uthanda, njll.

Le ndlela inezinzuzo ezicacile: ungabuyekeza amaphakheji, ushintshe ama-kernel, ufake noma iyiphi isofthiwe , futhi wenze ngezifiso konke njengoba ubungenza kudrayivu yangaphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulula kakhulu ukuvumela ukubethela kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni ukuvikela idatha yakho uma ulahlekelwa yidrayivu.

Ububi bayo obuyinhloko busekusebenzeni nasekugugeni kwendawo yokugcina: Amadrayivu e-USB awaklanyelwe ukumelana nobuningi bokubhala obufanayo ne-SSD yangaphakathi, futhi uhlelo olufakwe ngokugcwele luzokhiqiza i-I/O eyengeziwe. Ukuhambisana phakathi kwehadiwe ehlukene nakho kuyisici okufanele kucatshangelwe: I-Linux ivumelana kahle nezinhlobo ezahlukene zehadiwe, kodwa uma ufaka inguqulo engu-64-bit bese uzama ukuyiqalisa emishinini emidala engu-32-bit noma kuma-laptop amadala kakhulu , uzobhekana nezinkinga.

Amathuluzi okudala i-Live USB kanye ne-multiboot

Kulezi zinsuku, kulula kakhulu ukudala idrayivu ye-USB ebhuthwayo ngaphandle kokulwa ngesandla ne-GRUB noma i-LILO. Kunezinsiza ezithile zokukhiqiza ama-USB abukhoma kusuka kuma-ISO cishe anokusatshalaliswa kwamanje.

Ku-Ubuntu kanye nezinhlobo zayo, enye yezinketho zakudala ukusebenzisa i-boot disk creator eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, yize kunezinye izindlela eziningi ezibanzi. Enye yezindlela ezisebenziseka kalula yi -Live-Usb-Install , ithuluzi elihlanganisa amapulatifomu amaningi elisebenza ku-Linux kanye ne-Windows futhi lisekela ukusatshalaliswa okuningi nezinguqulo ezahlukene.

Ubuhle be-Live-Usb-Install ukuthi ikuvumela ukuthi ulande i-ISO ngqo kusuka ku-inthanethi bese uyishisa kudrayivu ye-USB, ngaphandle kokuya mathupha kuwebhusayithi yokusabalalisa ngakunye. Ukhetha nje i-distro, inguqulo, ukwakheka, indawo oya kuyo, futhi ngokuzithandela, usayizi wokuqhubeka. Ku-Ubuntu, i-Debian, i-Fedora, i-Mint, i-openSUSE, ukusatshalaliswa kokusindisa, nokunye okuningi, ngokuvamile kulula njengokuchofoza okumbalwa.

Ku-Windows, izinhlelo ezifana ne -Rufus ne-BalenaEtcher cishe azinakwa. I-Rufus ikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe isithombe se-ISO, ukhethe uhlobo lokuhlukanisa (i-MBR noma i-GPT), ukuhlukanisa okuqondiwe (i-BIOS noma i-UEFI), futhi uchaze nendawo yokuphikelela kokunye ukusatshalaliswa. I-BalenaEtcher inikeza isikhombimsebenzisi esincane, esinezinyathelo ezintathu : khetha isithombe, khetha idivayisi, bese uchofoza ukuze usishise.

Uma ufuna idrayivu ye-USB ebhuthwayo eminingi, eneziphazamiso eziningana noma ngisho namathuluzi okusindisa kudrayivu efanayo, izinhlelo ezifana ne -Ventoy, i-YUMI, i-Universal USB Installer, noma i-RMPrepUSB ziwusizo kakhulu. I-Ventoy, isibonelo, iguqula idrayivu ye-USB ibe uhlobo lomphathi we-boot lapho udinga khona ukukopisha ama-ISO kuphela kuyo: uma uqala, ukhetha ukuthi iyiphi ofuna ukuyisebenzisa.

Ukudala i-USB ebukhoma ye-Ubuntu (noma enye i-distro) isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Ukuze usebenzise imodi ebukhoma, udinga kuqala isithombe se-ISO sokusabalalisa . Endabeni ye-Ubuntu, kunconywa ukuthi ulande uhlelo lwe-LTS (Long Term Support) ngenxa yokuqina kwayo kanye nokusekelwa kwesikhathi eside. I-ISO inosayizi we-GB eziningana, ngakho-ke kufanele ube nedrayivu ye-USB okungenani engu-8 GB.

Uma usuyilandile i-ISO, ungasebenzisa i-Rufus ku-Windows: xhuma idrayivu ye-USB, uyikhethe, ukhethe isithombe se-Ubuntu, chaza uhlelo lokuhlukanisa (i-MBR noma i-GPT kuye nge-BIOS/UEFI yakho), qinisekisa ukuthi ukufometha kulungile, bese uqala inqubo. Uma uvumela inketho yokuphikelela (uma ikhona), ungagcina isikhala kudrayivu ukuze ulondoloze izinguquko phakathi kwezikhathi.

I-BalenaEtcher ilula kakhulu: ukhetha i-ISO, ukhethe idrayivu ye-USB, bese uchofoza okuthi "Flash." Lolu hlelo lunakekela ukudala idrayivu ebhuthwayo , ukuqinisekisa ikhophi, nokulungiselela indawo ebukhoma ngaphandle kwemibuzo eminingi yobuchwepheshe. Kuphelele uma ungafuni ukuxinwa yimininingwane yokuhlukanisa.

Ku-Linux, amathuluzi afana ne-Live-Usb-Install noma i-Ubuntu boot disk creator enza into efanayo kakhulu. Ku-Live-Usb-Install, ukhetha imodi ethi "Distribution", ukhethe ukuthi ufuna ukulanda isithombe ngqo noma usebenzise i-ISO yendawo, khetha ukusatshalaliswa, inguqulo, idivayisi eqondiwe, futhi, uma uthanda, vumela i-persistence.

Kubasebenzisi abathuthukile, kuhlale kukhona inketho "yesandla": ukusebenzisa i-dd noma izinsiza ezifanayo ukukopisha i-ISO kudivayisi bese ufaka futhi ulungiselela i-GRUB ngesandla. Lokhu kunikeza ukulawula okwengeziwe, kodwa ngokuvamile akudingeki ngaphandle kwezimo ezithile kakhulu.

Indlela yokuqalisa ikhompyutha yakho usebenzisa i-Live USB

Uma idrayivu ye-USB isilungile, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuthola i-BIOS/UEFI ukuthi iqalise kuyo . Ngokuvamile, ufaka idrayivu ye-USB uma ikhompyutha ivaliwe, bese uyivula, ucindezela inkinobho yokukhetha idivayisi yokuqalisa (F8, F12, Esc, noma leyo ekhonjiswe yibhodi lakho lomama) ukuze ukhethe idrayivu ye-USB ngesandla.

Uma ikhompyutha yakho isaqala ukusebenza kusukela ku-hard drive, ungafinyelela izilungiselelo ze-BIOS/UEFI bese ushintsha i-oda lokuqalisa ukuze ubheke phambili amadivayisi e-USB. Kumakhompyutha anamuhla, i-Secure Boot nayo ingaba yisici : uma ivuliwe futhi ukusatshalaliswa kungasayinwanga kahle, kungadingeka ukuthi uyikhubaze ukuze uqale ezinye izithombe ezibukhoma.

Uma uhlelo luqala ukusebenza ku-USB, uzobona imenyu (i-GRUB noma enye i-boot manager) ekunikeza inketho yokuzama i-distro ngaphandle kokuyifaka noma ukuqalisa umfakisi ngqo. Uma ukhetha ukuyizama, indawo ebukhoma izolayisha ku-RAM futhi ungayisebenzisa ngokujwayelekile.

Kusukela kuleyo ndawo ebukhoma, ukusatshalaliswa okuningi kufaka phakathi isinqamuleli sokufaka uhlelo kudiski uma unquma ukulisebenzisa. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi usuke esivivinyweni esilula uye ekufakweni okuhlala njalo, kungaba ngokushintsha uhlelo lwakho lwamanje noma ukudala i-dual boot ene-Windows.

Izidingo ezincane kanye nokusebenza kwangempela kwemodi ebukhoma

Nakuba ukusatshalaliswa okuningi kwe-Linux Live kulula ngokumangazayo, kungumqondo omuhle ukuhlola izidingo ezincane zokusatshalaliswa ofuna ukuzizama. Endabeni ye-Ubuntu, kunconywa iprosesa engu-64-bit, okungenani i-1 GB ye-RAM (yize i-4 GB ingcono kakhulu), kanye nesinqumo sesikrini esincane esingu-800x600.

Uma ikhompyutha yakho indala noma inezinsiza ezilinganiselwe kakhulu, ungakhetha ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux okulula (i-Lubuntu, i-Xubuntu, i-Puppy Linux, i-Tiny Core), eziningi zazo ezinezinguqulo ezibukhoma ezitholakalayo. Lezi zinketho zibuyekezwa njalo, ngakho-ke awubambeki usebenzisa isofthiwe esidala ngoba nje unehadiwe endala.

Ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke, uzoqaphela ukuthi uhlelo lwe-Linux Live luvame ukusebenzisa izinsiza ezimbalwa kunokufakwa kwe-Windows okufanayo . Kukhona ngisho nokusabalalisa okuncane okuklanyelwe ukuphefumula impilo entsha kumakhompyutha abhekwa "njengafile" ezinguqulweni zesimanje ze-Windows, afanelekela ukuphequlula, izinhlelo zokusebenza zehhovisi elincane, noma imisebenzi eyisisekelo.

Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi ukusebenza kokufakwa kwe-Live kuncike kakhulu esivinini se-USB kanye ne-port . I-flash drive eshibhile echwebeni le-USB 2.0 ngeke incintisane ne-SSD yangaphakathi, futhi lokhu kuzobonakala kakhulu uma ulayisha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga amandla noma ngezikhathi zokuqalisa. Ukuze usebenzise kakhulu, kungcono ukhethe ama-flash drive asezingeni eliphezulu noma ngisho nama-SSD angaphandle.

I-USB ebukhoma uma iqhathaniswa ne-dual boot: yikuphi okulungele wena?

Umbuzo omkhulu kubasebenzisi abaningi ukuthi kufanele bamise i- dual boot ene-Windows ne-Linux noma basebenzise i-Live USB (ngokuphikelela noma ngaphandle kwayo). Inketho ngayinye inezinzuzo nezinkinga zayo ezicacile.

Uhlelo lwe-dual-boot olufakwe ku-hard drive lunikeza ukusebenza okungcono, ukuzinza okukhulu, kanye nemikhawulo embalwa yezibuyekezo, abashayeli, imidlalo, noma izinhlelo ezidinga izinsiza eziningi. Kuyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu uma uzosebenzisa i-Linux kakhulu kuleyo khompyutha ethile, isibonelo, emsebenzini wansuku zonke noma ekufundeni.

Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-Live USB ihamba phambili ekushukumiseni, ekuphepheni, nasekuguquguqukeni : uyiphatha nawe, uyisebenzisa kunoma yimuphi umshini, ungathinti ama-partition, futhi ungabuyisa izinhlelo zabanye abantu. Ngokuphikelela, ungaqhubeka ngisho nezilungiselelo zakho kanye nesofthiwe yakho.

Kumuntu osebenzisa i-Linux ngezikhathi ezithile noma ofuna indawo ephuthumayo , i-Live USB ingase yanele. Abasebenzisi abaningi, ngemva kokucabangela ukutholakala kwamanye amaphrofayili abasebenzisi ku-PC efanayo, ukuhambisana komdlalo, kanye nokulula, bagcina bekhetha i-dual booting njengesixazululo sabo esiyinhloko kanye nokugcina i-Live USB njengethuluzi lokusekelayo.

Uma i-PC yakho inamandla amaningi okucubungula kanye ne-RAM, enye inketho umshini obonakalayo : usebenzisa i-Linux ngaphakathi kwe-Windows (nge-VirtualBox, isibonelo) ngaphandle kwama-partitions noma i-dual booting. Kulula kakhulu ukuhlola nokuthuthukisa, yize ukusebenza kungasoze kwafana nokwesistimu efakiwe.

Ezinye izindlela zokusebenzisa i-Linux ngaphandle kokuyifaka

Ngaphandle kwama-USB abukhoma, kunezinye izindlela zokuzama i-Linux ngaphandle kokuthinta i-hard drive yakho . Njengoba sesishilo kakade, imishini ebonakalayo ikuvumela ukuthi uqale isithombe se-ISO njengokungathi yi-PC ngaphakathi kohlelo lwakho lwamanje. Lokhu kulungele ukuhlola isikhombikubona, izinhlelo zokuhlola, kanye nokufunda, yize kungabonisi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngama-driver e-Wi-Fi, ihluzo, njll.

Kukhona nezinsizakalo zamafu ezinikeza amaseshini e-Linux kusiphequluli sakho , njengezikhangiso eziku-inthanethi zokusabalalisa noma izindawo zohlobo lwe-OnWorks. Lokhu kungakunikeza umbono wokubukeka nomuzwa kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, kodwa ngemikhawulo ecacile: ukusebenza okuvinjelwe kakhulu, akukho ukufinyelela kwihadiwe yangempela, futhi ngokuvamile akukho mingcele yokufaka i-terminal noma isofthiwe.

Ku-Windows 10 kanye ne-11, i-Microsoft inikeza i -Windows Subsystem ye-Linux (WSL) , ekuvumela ukuthi usebenzise ukusatshalaliswa okufana ne-Ubuntu noma i-Kali ngaphandle kwe-virtualization ephelele, ehlanganiswe ngqo ne-Windows. Akuyona indawo evamile ye-Live, njengoba ifakiwe ohlelweni, kodwa inikeza enye indlela yokusebenzisa i-Linux ngaphandle kokufometha noma ukuhlukanisa.

Ngokusetshenziswa okuqondile kakhulu (ukuthuthukiswa, ukuphepha kwe-cyber, amaseva), okunye ukusatshalaliswa okufana neKali Linux kokuhlolwa kokungena , i-Tails, noma i-Rocky Linux nakho kunikeza ama-ISO abukhoma. I-Kali ihloselwe ukuhlolwa kokungena; i-Tails ibeka phambili ukungaziwa, isebenza nge-RAM futhi ihambisa yonke ithrafikhi nge-Tor, kuyilapho i-Rocky Linux ihlose imakethe yeseva njenge-clone enama-binary ye-RHEL.

Okokugcina, kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi ezinye izinsizakusebenza ze-Live zifaka phakathi amathuluzi e-virtualization ahlanganisiwe (i-VirtualBox, i-VMware noma amanye) alungele ukusetshenziswa kusuka ku-USB uqobo, okwenza i-flash drive ibe yikhithi encane yokuhlola ephathekayo kanye nokubonisa.

Imikhawulo kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele uzicabangele ngama-USB abukhoma

Nakuba i-Live USB ibonakala njengesibhamu somlingo, inemikhawulo ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe okufanele uyiqaphele. Ezimweni eziningi, ukubuyekeza izinhlelo zokusebenza ngazinye akulula, noma akunakwenzeka nje, uma ukusatshalaliswa kufakwe esithombeni esisodwa esicindezelwe.

Usayizi wokufakwa kwesisekelo nawo uyahlukahluka kakhulu: kunezinhlelo ezincane kakhulu ze-Live (50-200 MB) ezenzelwe ukusindisa noma ukusetshenziswa okulula kakhulu , kanye nezinye ezisukela ku-700 MB kuya ku-GB eziningana ngoba zifaka izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi. Kudrayivu ye-USB enomthamo olinganiselwe, lokhu kuzoshiya isikhala esincane sokuphikelela kanye nedatha yomuntu siqu.

Ukuphikelela nakho akuyona into elula. Nakuba ungafaka isofthiwe ethile bese ulondoloza amadokhumenti , akunakwenzeka ekusatshalalisweni okuningi kwe-Live ukubuyekeza lonke uhlelo noma ukuguqula izingxenye ezithile zangaphakathi (njenge-kernel) ngaphandle kokufaka engcupheni yokuphula isakhiwo sesithombe.

Ukubethela nakho kuyinto ebalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe . Kwezinye izimo, ukubethela kwenziwa ezingeni lefayela (isibonelo, lefayela eliqhubekayo), elinikeza isivikelo esamukelekayo kodwa esingenamandla njengokubethela okugcwele kwediski. Uma uphatha idatha ebucayi kakhulu, ukufakwa okuphelele kwe-Linux kudrayivu ye-USB enokubethela okusuka ekugcineni kuya ekugcineni kungaba inketho engcono.

Okokugcina, khumbula ukuthi i-Live USB ihloselwe ukuba yesikhashana . Uma uzithola uyisebenzisa njengohlelo lwakho oluyinhloko, olunemibhalo nezibuyekezo ezivame ukwenziwa, kungase kube yisikhathi sokucabanga ngokuyifaka ku-hard drive yangaphakathi noma i-SSD yangaphandle ezinikele ukuze uthole ukuthembeka okukhulu kanye nesivinini.

Ekugcineni, amamodi e-Linux Live nama-USB abukhoma ahlanganisa ifilosofi yokuzama ngaphandle kokuphula noma yini nekhono lokuyisa indawo yakho noma kuphi. Ukwazi imikhawulo yawo, ukuthi yikuphi ukusebenza ongakulindela, ukuthi yimaphi amathuluzi ongawasebenzisa ukuwadala, nokuthi ungawahlanganisa kanjani ne-dual boot noma umshini obonakalayo kubalulekile ekuzuzeni okuningi kuwo nokugwema ukukhungatheka okungadingekile lapho uwadinga kakhulu.