I-Linux kumodi ebukhoma kanye ne-USB ebukhoma: izinzuzo, ukusetshenziswa kanye nemikhawulo

Informatec Digital » Izinsiza » I-Linux kumodi ebukhoma kanye ne-USB ebukhoma: izinzuzo, ukusetshenziswa kanye nemikhawulo

Qalisa i-Linux kumodi ebukhoma noma ngedrayivu ye-USB eqhubekayo Sekuyinye yezindlela eziguquguqukayo kakhulu zokusebenzisa lolu hlelo ngaphandle kokuthinta i-hard drive. Uma ungabaza phakathi kokuqalisa okubili nge-Windows noma uthembele ku-Live USB, noma ufuna nje ukuba nohlelo lwe-Linux oluphuthumayo ephaketheni lakho, uzofuna ukwazi kahle ukuthi inketho ngayinye inikeza ini nokuthi imikhawulo yayo ikuphi.

Sekuyiminyaka abasebenzisi abaningi bephila ne- ukulungiselelwa kwebhuthi okubiliI-Windows yokudlala imidlalo noma ukusetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezithile, kanye ne-Linux yomsebenzi, ukuhlela, noma ukulungisa. Abanye, nokho, bakhetha idrayivu ye-USB ene-Linux elungele ukuqala noma iyiphi i-PC ngaphandle kokushiya umkhondo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izinzuzo zemodi ebukhoma, ukuqhubeka kwe-USB, ukuthi ihluke kanjani ekufakweni kwediski ephelele, nokuthi konke lokhu kuhambisana kanjani nokuqalisa okubili.

Iyini ngempela imodi ye-Linux Live (CD/USB)?

Uhlelo lwe-Linux Live Yisithombe esiqala ukusebenza (ngokuvamile i-ISO) esisebenza ngqo kusuka kumidiya yangaphandle, kungaba yi-CD/DVD endala noma, kulezi zinsuku, cishe njalo yi-USB drive. Uhlelo lufakwa kakhulu ku-RAM, ngakho-ke lungasebenza ngaphandle kokufakwa ku-hard drive yekhompyutha.

Lo mbono awumusha: ukusatshalaliswa okufana I-DemoLinux noma i-Yggdrasil Linux/GNU/X Lokhu kungahlolwa ngokuqala kabusha kusuka ku-CD, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ama-partition noma ukufaka i-Windows engozini. Lokhu kusize abantu abaningi ukunqoba ukwesaba kwabo i-Linux, ngoba babekwazi ukuzama ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuphazamisa noma yini.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ifomethi yathuthuka: okokuqala I-LiveCD kanye ne-LiveDVDithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi ama-optical reader ayeshibhile futhi eshesha ngaleso sikhathi, futhi kamuva I-USB ebukhomaokuyizinto ezijwayelekile namuhla ngoba cishe ayikho i-PC yesimanje ene-CD noma i-DVD drive.

Empeleni, uma uqala imodi ebukhoma, uhlelo lufakwa kwimemori futhi I-hard drive yangaphakathi ingahlala ingashintshi ngokupheleleNgaphandle kokuthi ukhetha ukufaka izingxenye zayo ukuze ufinyelele idatha, lokhu kwenza izindawo ezibukhoma zibe amathuluzi afanele kokubili ukusabalalisa kokuhlola kanye nezinhlelo zokubuyisa.

I-USB ebukhoma vs. i-CD ebukhoma: Kungani idrayivu ye-USB iphumelele empini

Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-CD yakudala, ukusebenzisa i-USB drive ukuqala i-Linux Live kunikeza izinzuzo. izinzuzo ezicacile kakhuluOkokuqala kusobala: idrayivu ye-USB ingabhalwa futhi isulwe kalula, ukuze ukwazi ukubuyekeza isithombe, ushintshe ukusatshalaliswa, noma wengeze ukuphikelela ngaphandle kokulahla enye idiski.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-USB flash drive awanazo izingxenye ezihambayo, ngakho-ke Ukusesha amafayela amancane kushesha kakhulu kunakwidrayivu ebonakalayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinhlelo ezilula zivula ngokushesha ku-Live USB kunakwi-CD noma ngisho nakwamanye ama-hard drive amadala emishini.

Akuzona zonke izinto eziphelele: ububanzi be-bandwidth yama-drive amaningi e-USB, ikakhulukazi uma usebenza ngamachweba e-USB 2.0 noma ngisho ne-1.1 kumakhompyutha amadala kakhulu, kunganciphisa isivinini sokulayisha sesistimuEmishinini engenalo ukwesekwa kwe-USB 2.0, ukuqala kabusha kusuka ku-Live USB kungaba kancane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne-hard drive yangaphakathi yesimanje.

Futhi khumbula ukuthi Akuwona wonke amakhompyutha asekela ukuqalisa i-USB.ikakhulukazi imishini endala kakhuluEzimweni ezinjalo, amaqhinga anjengokusebenzisa i-CD encane noma idiski yokuqalisa "eqondisa kabusha" inqubo yokuqalisa kwidrayivu ye-USB angasetshenziswa.

Izinzuzo ezisebenzayo zemodi ebukhoma: ukuhlola, ukulungisa, kanye nobumfihlo

Enye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu ezikhangayo ze-Linux Live (isibonelo, i-Ubuntu Live) ukuthi ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise i-Linux Live. zama ukusatshalaliswa ngaphandle kokufaka noma yiniUhlelo lulayisha ku-RAM, futhi uma nje ungafaki noma ungashintshi i-hard drive, yonke idatha yakho ihlala ingashintshiwe. Kuhle uma ukhetha phakathi kokusabalalisa okuhlukile noma ufuna ukubona ukuthi isebenza kanjani kwihadiwe yakho.

Le modi futhi ingummese we-Swiss Army we izinhlelo zokuxilonga nokulungisaNjengoba kungaxhomekile ohlelweni olufakiwe kudiski, ungaqalisa i-PC eyekile ukuqala i-Windows noma i-Linux, ufake izingxenye zayo bese: buyisela amafayela asusiwe, ukopishe idatha kwenye idrayivu, ulungise umphathi we-boot, usebenzise i-antivirus scan engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, noma uhlole isimo sehadiwe.

I-Live ilungele ukwenza ukuhlola okungenabungoziUngashintsha izilungiselelo, ufake amaphakheji kuleyo seshini, uhlole ihadiwe, noma usebenzise amathuluzi okuhlaziya anamandla wazi ukuthi izinguquko zizonyamalala uma uvala. Uma nje ungathinti amadiski angaphakathi, akunakwenzeka "ukuphula" ukufakwa kwakho okuyinhloko.

Emkhakheni we ukuphepha nobumfihloIzinhlelo ezibukhoma zinenye inzuzo: abashiyi mkhondo oqhubekayo ku-hard drive yekhompyutha lapho zisetshenziswa khona. Konke kusebenza kwimemori, futhi uma ungavumeli ukuphikelela ku-USB drive, uma ucima ikhompyutha abukho ubufakazi bendawo bemisebenzi yakho, into ebaluleke kakhulu ezimweni zokuhlola noma zokuhlola, noma uma nje ungafuni ukushiya ama-breadcrumbs edijithali.

Ekugcineni, idrayivu ye-USB ene-Linux Live isebenza njenge- ideskithophu ephathekayoUya endlini yomngane, esikhungweni sokufunda, noma ekhefini le-inthanethi elinekhompyutha okungeyona eyakho: uqala kusuka kudrayivu yakho ye-USB bese usebenza nendawo okuyo (futhi, uma ulungiselele ukuqhubeka, ngedatha nezinhlelo zakho). Uma unqamula idivayisi, akukho lutho olusalayo kukhompyutha ephethe.

Phila ngaphandle kokuphikelela, bukhoma okuqhubekayo, kanye nokufakwa okugcwele ku-USB

Uma sikhuluma nge-“Linux Live on USB”, empeleni sihlanganisa izindlela eziningana ezahlukene. Elula kakhulu yile Ukuphila kwakudala ngaphandle kokuphikelelaOkusho ukuthi, i-clone yalokho okungaba yi-LiveCD, kodwa kudrayivu ye-USB: isithombe esicindezelwe siyalayishwa, uhlelo lusebenza nge-RAM, futhi konke okwenzayo kuyalahleka lapho uqala kabusha.

Kusukela lapho, Amayunithi abukhoma aphikelelayoKulo modeli, ngaphezu kwesithombe sesistimu, kudalwa ifayela noma ukwahlukanisa okukhethekile (isibonelo, i-casper-rw ku-Ubuntu noma i-overlay-USBLABEL-UUID ku-Fedora) lapho okuthandayo, amanye amaphakheji afakiwe, namadokhumenti kugcinwa khona. Uma uqala kabusha, lezi zinguquko zisetshenziswa ohlelweni oluyisisekelo ngokusobala.

Lokhu kuqhubeka kuvumela yenza ngokwezifiso i-distro ngaphandle kokufaka okuningiUngaba nedrayivu eyodwa ye-USB ene-Ubuntu Live bese ugcina izilungiselelo zakho, amaphasiwedi e-Wi-Fi, ezinye izinhlelo ezengeziwe, amadokhumenti, njll. Isikhala esingama-MB ambalwa noma ama-GB ambalwa ngokuvamile sanele ukusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe.

Kodwa-ke, i-persistent Live inemikhawulo ebalulekile: ayiklanyelwe buyekeza i-kernel noma wenze ukuthuthukiswa okuphelele kwesistimuFuthi imisebenzi ethile, njengokufaka abashayeli abaqondile kakhulu, ingaba yinkinga. Iwusizo kakhulu ekulungiseni okulinganiselwe, kodwa ayithathi indawo ngokuphelele yokufaka okuvamile.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuguqula i-USB ibe yi- ukufakwa kwe-Linux okugcwelenjengokungathi yi-hard drive yangaphandle. Kulesi simo, awusebenzi nge-ISO ecindezelwe kodwa usebenzisa uhlelo "lwangempela" olufakwe ku-USB drive: umphathi wokuqalisa, ama-partitions, iziqondiso zesistimu, umsebenzisi, ukubethela okugcwele uma ufuna, njll.

Le ndlela inezinzuzo ezicacile: ungakwazi buyekeza amaphakheji, shintsha i-kernel, faka noma iyiphi isofthiwe futhi wenze ngezifiso konke njengoba ubungenza kudrayivu yangaphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulula kakhulu ukusebenzisa ukubethela kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni ukuze uvikele idatha yakho uma ulahlekelwa yidrayivu.

Inkinga yayo eyinhloko iwukuthi isebenza kahle futhi igugile endaweni yokugcina izinto: Amadrayivu e-USB awaklanyelwe ukumelana nobuningi bokubhala obufanayo ne-SSD yangaphakathi, futhi uhlelo olufakwe ngokugcwele luzokhiqiza i-I/O eyengeziwe. Ukuhambisana phakathi kwezinhlelo ezahlukene nakho kudinga ukucatshangelwa: I-Linux ivumelana kahle nezinhlobo ezahlukene zehadiwe, kodwa Uma ufaka ku-64-bit futhi uhlose ukuqala emishinini emidala yama-32-bit noma kuma-laptop amadala kakhuluUzoba nezinkinga.

Amathuluzi okudala i-Live USB kanye ne-multiboot

Namuhla kulula kakhulu ukudala idrayivu ye-USB ebhuthwayo ngaphandle kokulwa ngesandla ne-GRUB noma i-LILO. izinsiza ezithile zokukhiqiza i-Live USB kusuka kuma-ISO cishe kunoma yikuphi ukusatshalaliswa kwamanje.

Ku-Ubuntu kanye nezinhlobo zayo, enye yezinketho zakudala ukusebenzisa i-boot disk creator eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, yize kunezinye izindlela eziphelele. Enye yezindlela ezisebenziseka kalula kakhulu yi- Ukufakwa kwe-Usb Okubukhoma, ithuluzi elihlanganisa wonke amapulatifomu elisebenza kokubili ku-Linux naku-Windows futhi lisekela ukusatshalaliswa okuningi nezinguqulo ezahlukene.

Ubuhle be-Live-Usb-Install ukuthi ikuvumela Ikuvumela ukuthi ulande i-ISO ngqo kusuka ku-inthanethi. bese uyishisa kudrayivu ye-USB, ngaphandle kokuya ngesandla kwiwebhusayithi yokusabalalisa ngakunye. Ukhetha nje i-distro, inguqulo, ukwakheka, indawo oya kuyo, futhi ngokuzithandela, usayizi wokuqhubeka. Ku-Ubuntu, i-Debian, i-Fedora, i-Mint, i-openSUSE, ukusatshalaliswa kokusindisa, nokunye okuningi, ngokuvamile kulula njengokuchofoza okumbalwa.

Ku-Windows, amagama anjengokuthi URufus noma uBalenaEtcher Manje cishe azibalulekile. I-Rufus ikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe i-ISO, ukhethe uhlobo lokuhlukanisa (i-MBR noma i-GPT), ithagethi (i-BIOS noma i-UEFI), futhi uchaze nendawo yokuphikelela kwezinye izabelo. I-BalenaEtcher ikhetha i- isikhombimsebenzisi esincane ngezinyathelo ezintathu: khetha isithombe, khetha idivayisi, bese ucindezela ukuze urekhode.

Uma okufunayo kuyidrayivu ye-USB ye-multiboot, enezinhlinzeko eziningana noma amathuluzi okusindisa kudrayivu efanayo, izinhlelo ezifana I-Ventoy, i-YUMI, i-Universal USB Installer noma i-RMPrepUSB Ziwusizo kakhulu. I-Ventoy, isibonelo, iguqula idrayivu ye-USB ibe uhlobo lomphathi we-boot lapho kufanele ukopishe khona ama-ISO kuphela: uma uqala, ukhetha ukuthi iyiphi ofuna ukuyisebenzisa.

Ukudala i-USB ebukhoma ye-Ubuntu (noma enye i-distro) isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Ukuze usebenzise imodi ebukhoma udinga kuqala Isithombe se-ISO sokusabalalisaEndabeni ye-Ubuntu, kunconywa ukuthi ulande uhlelo lwe-LTS (Long Term Support) ngenxa yokuqina kwalo kanye nokusekelwa kwesikhathi eside. Ifayela le-ISO linosayizi we-GB eziningana, ngakho-ke kufanele ube nedrayivu ye-USB okungenani engu-8 GB.

Uma usuyilandile i-ISO, ungasebenzisa i-Rufus ku-Windows: xhuma idrayivu ye-USB, uyikhethe, ukhethe isithombe se-Ubuntu, chaza uhlelo lokuhlukanisa (i-MBR noma i-GPT kuye nge-BIOS/UEFI yakho), qinisekisa ukuthi ukufometha kulungile, bese uqala inqubo. Uma uvumela inketho yokuphikelela (uma ikhona), uzokwazi... gcina isikhala kuyunithi ukuze ulondoloze izinguquko phakathi kwezikhathi.

I-BalenaEtcher ilula kakhulu: ukhetha i-ISO, ukhethe idrayivu ye-USB, bese uchofoza okuthi "Flash." Uhlelo lunakekela okunye. dala ibhuthiIqinisekisa ikhophi futhi ilungiselela ukusethwa kwakho okubukhoma ngaphandle kwemibuzo eminingi yobuchwepheshe. Iphelele uma ungafuni ukuphazanyiswa yimininingwane yokuhlukanisa.

Ku-Linux, amathuluzi afana ne-Live-Usb-Install noma i-Ubuntu boot disk creator enza into efanayo kakhulu. Ku-Live-Usb-Install, ukhetha imodi ethi "Distribution", ukhethe ukuthi ufuna ukulanda isithombe ngqo noma usebenzise i-ISO yendawo, ukhethe ukusatshalaliswa, inguqulo, idivayisi eqondiwe, futhi, uma uthanda, ukuphikelela okusebenzayo.

Kubasebenzisi abathuthukile, kuhlale kukhona indlela "esetshenziswa ngesandla": ukusebenzisa dd noma izinsiza ezifanayo zokukopisha i-ISO kudivayisi bese ufaka futhi ulungiselele i-GRUB ngesandla. Lokhu kunikeza ukulawula okwengeziwe, kodwa ngokuvamile akudingekile ngaphandle kwezimo ezithile kakhulu.

Indlela yokuqalisa ikhompyutha yakho usebenzisa i-Live USB

Uma idrayivu ye-USB isilungile, isinyathelo esilandelayo thola i-BIOS/UEFI ukuthi iqale kuyoNgokuvamile, ufaka idrayivu ye-USB uma ikhompyutha ivaliwe, bese uma uyivula, ucindezela inkinobho yokukhetha idivayisi yokuqalisa (F8, F12, Esc, noma leyo ekhonjiswe yibhodi lakho lomama) ukuze ukhethe idrayivu ye-USB ngesandla.

Uma ikhompyutha yakho isaqala ukusebenza kusukela ku-hard drive, ungafaka izilungiselelo ze-BIOS/UEFI bese ushintsha i-oda lokuqalisa ukuze amadivayisi e-USB abe phambili. Kumakhompyutha anamuhla, i-oda lokuqalisa lingathinteka yi... I-Boot evikelekileUma ivuliwe futhi i-distro ingasayiniwe kahle, kungadingeka uyikhubaze ukuze uqale ezinye izithombe ezibukhoma.

Uma uhlelo luqala ukusebenza kusuka ku-USB, ngokuvamile uzobona imenyu (i-GRUB noma enye i-boot manager) ezokunikeza inketho yokwenza kanjalo. zama i-distro ngaphandle kokufaka noma qala umfakisi ngqo. Uma ukhetha ukuzama, indawo ebukhoma izolayisha ku-RAM futhi ungayisebenzisa ngokujwayelekile.

Kusukela kuleyo ndawo ebukhoma, iningi lama-distros lifaka isinqamuleli ku- faka uhlelo kudiski Uma ekugcineni uqiniseka, ungasuka esivivinyweni esilula uye ekufakweni okuhlala njalo, kungaba ngokufaka esikhundleni sesistimu yakho yamanje noma ngokudala i-dual boot nge-Windows.

Izidingo ezincane kanye nokusebenza kwangempela kwemodi ebukhoma

Nakuba ukufakwa okuningi kwe-Linux Live kulula ngokumangazayo, kuyalulekwa ukuthi hlola izidingo ezincane kakhulu kokusatshalaliswa ofuna ukukuzama. Endabeni ye-Ubuntu, kunconywa iprosesa engu-64-bit, okungenani i-1 GB ye-RAM (yize i-4 GB ingcono kakhulu), kanye nesinqumo sesikrini esincane esingu-800×600.

Uma imishini yakho indala noma ilinganiselwe kakhulu, ungakhetha ukusabalala okulula (Lubuntu, Xubuntu, Puppy Linux, Tiny Core), eziningi zazo ezinezinguqulo ezibukhoma ezitholakalayo. Lezi zinketho zibuyekezwa njalo, ngakho-ke awubambeki usebenzisa isofthiwe esidala ngoba nje unehadiwe endala.

Ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke, uzobona ukuthi i-Linux Live ivame ukuba sebenzisa izinsiza ezimbalwa kunesistimu efanayo ye-WindowsKukhona ngisho nokusabalalisa okuncane okuklanyelwe ukuphefumula impilo entsha kumakhompyutha abhekwa “njengafile” ezinguqulweni zesimanje ze-Windows, afanelekela ukuphequlula, umsebenzi wehhovisi olula, noma imisebenzi eyisisekelo.

Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi ukusebenza kwe-Live kuncike kakhulu ku- Isivinini se-USB kanye ne-portIdrayivu ye-USB flash eshibhile echwebeni le-USB 2.0 ngeke incintisane ne-SSD yangaphakathi, futhi lokhu kuzobonakala kakhulu uma ulayisha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga amandla noma ngesikhathi sokuqalisa. Ukuze usebenzise kakhulu, kungcono ukhethe amadrayivu e-flash asezingeni eliphezulu noma ngisho nama-SSD angaphandle.

I-USB ebukhoma uma iqhathaniswa ne-dual boot: yikuphi okulungele wena?

Umbuzo omkhulu kubasebenzisi abaningi ukuthi kufanele yini bafake i- Ukuqalisa okubili ngeWindows neLinux noma uphile nge-USB Live (ngokuphikelela noma ngaphandle kwayo). Inketho ngayinye inezinzuzo nezinkinga zayo ezicacile.

Uhlelo olufakwe amadiski amabili lunikeza Ukusebenza okungcono, ukuzinza okwengeziwe, kanye nemikhawulo embalwa Ukuze uthole izibuyekezo, abashayeli, imidlalo, noma izinhlelo ezidinga kakhulu. Kuyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu uma uzosebenzisa i-Linux kakhulu kuleyo khompyutha ethile, isibonelo, emsebenzini wansuku zonke noma ekufundeni.

Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-Live USB iyakhanya ngaphakathi ukuhamba, ukuphepha kanye nokuguquguqukaUyayiphatha, uyisebenzise kunoma yimuphi umshini, ungathinti ama-partition, futhi ungabuyisa izinhlelo zabanye abantu. Ngokuphikelela, ungaqhubeka ngisho nezilungiselelo zakho kanye nesofthiwe yakho.

Kumuntu ovula i-Linux ngezikhathi ezithile noma ofuna i- isimo esiphuthumayoI-Live USB inganele. Abasebenzisi abaningi, ngemva kokucabangela ukutholakala kwamanye amaphrofayili abasebenzisi ku-PC efanayo, ukuhambisana komdlalo, kanye nokulula kwawo, bagcina bekhetha i-dual boot njengesixazululo sabo esiyinhloko kanye nokugcina i-Live USB njengethuluzi lokusekelayo.

Uma ikhompyutha yakho inamandla amaningi kanye ne-RAM eyanele, enye indlela iwukusebenzisa i- umshini obonakalayoUsebenzisa i-Linux ngaphakathi kwe-Windows (usebenzisa i-VirtualBox, isibonelo) ngaphandle kwama-partitions noma i-dual booting. Kulula kakhulu ukuhlola nokuthuthukisa, yize ukusebenza kungasoze kwafana nokwesistimu efakiwe.

Ezinye izindlela zokusebenzisa i-Linux ngaphandle kokuyifaka

Ngaphandle kwama-USB abukhoma, kunezinye izindlela zokwenza lokhu Zama i-Linux ngaphandle kokuthinta i-hard driveNjengoba sesishilo kakade, imishini ebonakalayo ikuvumela ukuthi uqale isithombe se-ISO njengokungathi yi-PC ngaphakathi kwesistimu yakho yamanje. Lokhu kulungele ukuhlola isikhombikubona, izinhlelo zokuhlola, kanye nokufunda, yize kungabonisi kahle izinkinga ezingaba khona ngama-driver e-Wi-Fi, amakhadi ehluzo, njll.

Kukhona futhi izinsizakalo zamafu ezinikeza amaseshini e-Linux kusiphequluli, njengezikhangiso eziku-inthanethi zokusatshalaliswa noma izindawo zohlobo lwe-OnWorks. Lapho ungathola umbono wokubukeka kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile, kodwa ngemikhawulo ecacile: ukusebenza okulinganiselwe kakhulu, akukho ukufinyelela kwihadiwe yangempela, futhi ngokuvamile akukho terminal noma ngemikhawulo yokufaka isofthiwe.

Ku-Windows 10 kanye ne-11, i-Microsoft inikeza I-Windows Subsystem ye-Linux (WSL)Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise ukusatshalaliswa okufana ne-Ubuntu noma i-Kali ngaphandle kwe-virtualization ephelele, ehlanganiswe ngqo ne-Windows. Akuyona indawo evamile ye-Live, njengoba ifakiwe ohlelweni, kodwa inikeza enye indlela yokusebenzisa i-Linux ngaphandle kokufometha noma ukuhlukanisa.

Ngokusetshenziswa okukhethekile kakhulu (ukuthuthukiswa, ukuphepha kwe-cyber, amaseva), ezinye iziphazamiso ezifana I-Kali Linux yokuhlola ukungenaI-Tails kanye ne-Rocky Linux nazo zinikeza ama-ISO abukhoma. I-Kali ihloselwe ukuhlolwa kokungena; i-Tails ibeka phambili ukungaziwa, isebenza nge-RAM futhi ihambisa yonke ithrafikhi nge-Tor, kuyilapho i-Rocky Linux ihlose imakethe yeseva njenge-clone ye-RHEL.

Okokugcina, kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi okunye ukusatshalaliswa okubukhoma kufaka phakathi amathuluzi okusebenzisa i-virtualization ahlanganisiwe (i-VirtualBox, i-VMware noma ezinye) zilungele ukusetshenziswa kusuka ku-USB uqobo, ziguqula i-flash drive ibe yikhithi encane yokuhlola neyokubonisa ephathekayo.

Imikhawulo kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele uzicabangele ngama-USB abukhoma

Nakuba i-Live USB ibonakala iyisisombululo somlingo sayo yonke into, inayo ukulinganiselwa okubalulekile kwezobuchwepheshe okuyinto efanele ukukwazi. Ezimweni eziningi, akulula, noma akunakwenzeka, ukubuyekeza izinhlelo zokusebenza ngazinye uma i-distro ipakishwe esithombeni esisodwa esicindezelwe.

Usayizi wokufakwa kwesisekelo nawo uyahlukahluka kakhulu: Kunamafayela amancane kakhulu abukhoma (50-200 MB) aklanyelwe ukuhlenga noma ukusetshenziswa okulula kakhuluFuthi ezinye ezithatha noma yikuphi kusukela ku-700 MB kuya kuma-GB amaningana ngoba zifaka izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi. Kudrayivu ye-USB enomthamo olinganiselwe, lokhu kuzoshiya isikhala esincane sokuphikelela kanye nedatha yomuntu siqu.

Ukuphikelela nakho akuyona into enhle. Noma ungakwazi faka isofthiwe ethile bese ulondoloza amadokhumentiKuma-distro amaningi e-Live, akunakwenzeka ukubuyekeza lonke uhlelo noma ukuguqula izingxenye ezithile zangaphakathi (njenge-kernel) ngaphandle kokufaka engcupheni yokuphula isakhiwo sesithombe.

Kudingeka futhi siqaphele udaba lwe- ukubethelaKwezinye izimo, ukubethela kwenziwa ezingeni lefayela (isibonelo, lefayela lokuphikelela), elinikeza isivikelo esamukelekayo kodwa hhayi esiqinile njengokubethela okugcwele kwediski. Uma uphatha idatha ebucayi kakhulu, ukufakwa okuphelele kwe-Linux kudrayivu ye-USB enokubethela okusuka ekugcineni kuya ekugcineni kungaba inketho engcono.

Okokugcina, khumbula ukuthi i-Live USB ihloselwe ukuba okungokwesikhashana uma kuqhathaniswaUma uzithola uyisebenzisa njengohlelo lwakho oluyinhloko, olunemibhalo eminingi eqhubekayo kanye nezibuyekezo eziqhubekayo, kungase kube yisikhathi sokucabanga ngokuyifaka kudiski yangaphakathi noma i-SSD yangaphandle ezinikele ukuze uthole ukuthembeka kanye nesivinini.

Ekugcineni, izindlela ze-Linux Live kanye ne-Live USB zihlanganisa ifilosofi yokuthi zama ngaphandle kokuphula lutho Ukwazi ukuyisa indawo yakho noma kuphi. Ukwazi imikhawulo yazo, ukusebenza ongakulindela, amathuluzi ongawasebenzisa ukuze uzidale, nokuthi ungazifaka kanjani nge-dual boot noma umshini obonakalayo kubalulekile ekuzuzeni okuningi kuzo nokugwema ukukhungatheka okungadingekile lapho uzidinga kakhulu.