- Ukulayisha eceleni kukuvumela ukuthi ufake izinhlelo zokusebenza usebenzisa amafayela e-APK ukuze udlule imikhawulo yesifunda noma yokuhambisana.
- Kubalulekile ukulanda amafayela ezindaweni zokugcina eziphephile bese uwaskena ngesofthiwe yokulwa namagciwane ukuze ugweme i-malware.
- Kunezindlela eziningana zokufaka, kusukela kumphathi wefayela oyisisekelo kuya ekusebenziseni i-ADB kusuka kukhompyutha.
- I-Google isebenzise izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifana ne-Advanced Flow ukuvimbela ukufakwa kokukhwabanisa.
Ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi sekwenzekile kuwe: ufuna uhlelo lokusebenza oludinga kakhulu, kodwa uma uya esitolo esisemthethweni, uthola lowo myalezo owesabekayo othi aluhambisani nedivayisi yakho noma ukuthi alutholakali ezweni lakini. Kuyinkathazo yangempela, kodwa i-Android inenzuzo enkulu kunezinye izinhlelo: inkululeko yokufaka noma yini oyifunayo ngaphandle kokukhawulelwa esitolo esisodwa sohlelo lokusebenza.
Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-sideloading , okuyikhono nje lokufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza efonini yakho usebenzisa amafayela angaphandle. Kulo mhlahlandlela, sizochaza ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ungazifaka kanjani izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-APK ngokuphephile ku-Android ukuze ukwazi ukudlula imikhawulo ye-Google Play ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unefoni yesimanje noma eneminyaka embalwa ubudala.
Iyini ifayela le-APK futhi lisetshenziselwani?
Kalula nje, i-APK (i-Android Package Kit) iyifomethi ejwayelekile yokupakisha esetshenziswa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Google ukusabalalisa izinhlelo zayo zokusebenza. Uma uvela ku-Windows, cabanga ngayo njengefayela elilingana ne-.exe, noma uma usebenzisa i-Mac, njengefayela le-.dmg. Empeleni, iyisitsha esicindezelwe esigcina yonke ikhodi, izinsiza ezibonakalayo, futhi sibonise ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza ludinga ukusebenza kahle kudivayisi yakho.
Inzuzo enkulu yalawa mafayela ukuthi akuvumela ukuthi ufake isofthiwe ngesandla . Lokhu kuyigugu elimsulwa uma ufuna ukuzama izinguqulo ze-beta ngaphambi kwanoma ubani omunye, ukufinyelela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezitholakala kwamanye amazwe kuphela, noma ukubuyela enguqulweni endala yohlelo lokusebenza olusebenze kangcono kuneyamanje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyindlela eyinhloko yalabo abasebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zomthombo ovulekile noma izinguqulo eziguquliwe ezinezici ezengeziwe i-Google engazivumeli esitolo sayo.
Izingozi kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha: Ungangeni ngokungena ngokungaboni
Ukufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza ngaphandle kwesitolo esisemthethweni kungaba nzima. Ingozi enkulu ukuthi amanye amafayela e-APK angangenwa yi- malware, i-spyware, noma ama-Trojans aklanyelwe ukweba idatha yakho noma ukuhlola umsebenzi wakho. Ngakho-ke, ungalandi nje noma yini oyitholayo eqenjini le-Telegram noma oyithola kuwebhusayithi egcwele izikhangiso ezidukisayo.
Ukuze uthole ukuthula kwengqondo, kungcono ukusebenzisa izindawo zokugcina eziqinisekisiwe njenge-APKMirror noma i-F-Droid, ezihlunga amafayela. Kunconywa kakhulu futhi ukuthi uskene ifayela nge -VirusTotal ngaphambi kokulisebenzisa; leli thuluzi lewebhu lamahhala lihlaziya i-APK ngezinhlelo eziningi ze-antivirus ngasikhathi sinye. Okokugcina, hlola ngokucophelela izimvume ezicelwa uhlelo lokusebenza : uma i-calculator elula icela ukufinyelela koxhumana nabo nemakrofoni yakho, kuyasolisa futhi kungcono ukuyisusa ngokushesha.
Indlela yokufaka ama-APK: Izindlela zesinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Lena yindlela evame kakhulu futhi esetshenziswa kakhulu ngabantu abaningi. Okokuqala, udinga ukulanda ifayela emthonjeni othembekile. Uma selikufolda yakho yokulanda, zama ukulivula. Cishe, i-Android izobonisa isexwayiso esithi ukufakwa kuvinjiwe ngezizathu zokuphepha.
Ukuze ulungise lokhu, iya kuzilungiselelo > Izinhlelo zokusebenza > Ukufinyelela okukhethekile bese uthola inketho ethi "Faka izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaziwa" . Lapho, nikeza imvume ngqo kusiphequluli (njenge-Chrome) noma umphathi wefayela oyisebenzisayo. Uma imvume isivuliwe, buyela kufayela, ulithephe, bese uthepha okuthi "Faka ." Uma inqubo isiqediwe, uhlelo lokusebenza luzoba kumenyu yakho eyinhloko.
Inketho 2: Kulabo abafuna izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingahambisani (i-APK Downloader)
Uma i-Play Store ikutshela ukuthi ifoni yakho indala kakhulu noma ayihlangabezani nezidingo, kunezinsizakalo zokulanda i-APK . Lokhu kusebenza ngokulingisa idivayisi ehlukile (isibonelo, i-Pixel 7) ukuze ikhohlisa isitolo futhi ithole ifayela lokuqala. Mane nje ukopishe i-URL yohlelo lokusebenza kusuka ku-Google Play, uyinamathisele kusilandi, ukhethe imodeli yefoni ofuna ukuyilingisa, bese udala isixhumanisi sokulanda. Kuyindlela enhle kakhulu yokudlula imikhawulo yehadiwe ngaphandle kwengozi.
Inketho 3: Indlela ethuthukisiwe (i-ADB evela ku-PC)
Kubasebenzisi noma onjiniyela abaningi bezobuchwepheshe, kukhona i-Android Debug Bridge (ADB). Lokhu kuhilela ukuxhuma ifoni yakho kwikhompyutha yakho ngekhebula le-USB nokuvumela ukulungisa iphutha le-USB ezinkethweni zonjiniyela. Kusukela kumyalo wesiyalo ku-PC yakho, usebenzisa umyalo othi "adb install filename.apk" bese uhlelo lokusebenza luzofakwa ngqo kudivayisi yakho. Kuyindlela ehlanzekile neshesha kakhulu uma udinga ukufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, okufana nokukhipha izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android ezifakwe ngaphambilini usebenzisa i-ADB ngaphandle kokufinyelela kwezimpande.
Izibuyekezo zokuphepha: I-Advanced Flow ka-Google
I-Google isanda kwethula i-"Advanced Flow" ukulwa nokukhwabanisa kobunjiniyela bezenhlalo. Manje, ukuze ufake izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile ezingaqinisekisiwe, uhlelo lungadinga ukuthi unike amandla imodi yonjiniyela futhi, kwezinye izimo, ulinde amahora angama-24 ngaphambi kokuvumela ukufakwa. Lokhu kumiswa okuphoqelelwe kunikeza umsebenzisi isikhathi sokucabanga futhi kumvimbela ekwenzeni ngaphansi kwengcindezi evela kumkhohlisi ongase amqondise kude.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo manje ludinga ukuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric (iminwe noma ubuso) ngemuva kokuqala kabusha ifoni yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi nguwe owenza ushintsho. Nakuba kungase kubonakale kungalungi, kuyisinyathelo esidingekayo sokuvimbela umuntu onokufinyelela okude esikrinini sakho ukuthi angafaki i-malware ngaphandle kolwazi lwakho.
Izixazululo zezinkinga ezivamile
Uma uhlangabezana nephutha elithi "Uhlelo lokusebenza alufakiwe" , kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ifayela le-APK lonakele, awunaso isikhala esanele sokugcina, noma ukwakheka kweprosesa yakho akuhambelani. Zama ukulanda ifayela futhi noma ukhulule isikhala. Uma ungakwazi ukuthola inketho ethi "Imithombo Engaziwa", khumbula ukuthi ezinguqulweni zesimanje ze-Android, imvume ayinikezwa emhlabeni wonke, kodwa inikezwa ngohlelo lokusebenza ngalunye.
Kubasebenzisi abasebenzisa kakhulu, kukhona inketho yokusula idivayisi usebenzisa amathuluzi afana neMagisk. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uthole amalungelo aphelele okuphatha futhi usebenzise amamojula afana ne-"Device Spoofer" ukushintsha ubunikazi befoni ezingeni lesistimu. Kodwa-ke, qaphela ngoba lokhu kungaqeda iwaranti yefoni yakho futhi, uma kwenziwa ngendlela engalungile, kwenze ifoni yakho ibe yiphepha elibizayo.
Ezinye izindlela zokufaka eceleni ngesandla
Uma ungafuni ukulanda amafayela ngamanye, kunezinye izindlela ezingcono kakhulu kune-Google Play Store ye-Android . I-Amazon Appstore kanye ne- Samsung Galaxy Store ziyizinketho eziqinile. Kulabo abafuna ubumfihlo obuphelele, i-Aurora Store iyamangalisa, njengoba ikuvumela ukuthi ulande izinhlelo zokusebenza kusuka ku-Play Store ngokungaziwa. Kukhona nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokwabelana nge-P2P ezifana ne-SHAREit kanye ne-Xender, ezikuvumela ukuthi udlulise uhlelo lokusebenza olufakiwe kusuka kwenye ifoni uye kwenye ngaphandle kokudinga uxhumano lwe-inthanethi noma ukulanda amafayela kusuka kuwebhu.
Ukuqonda kahle ukufakwa kwe-APK kukunikeza ukulawula okuphelele ku-smartphone yakho, okukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise isofthiwe ekhawulelwe noma izinguqulo ezilungiselelwe. Isihluthulelo ukugcina ibhalansi phakathi kokulangazelela nokuphepha , usebenzisa imithombo ethembekile nokugcina uhlelo lwakho luvuselelwe. Ekugcineni, ukwazi ukuthi ungazulazula kanjani kuzilungiselelo ze-Android nokuphatha izimvume zokufaka kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola okuningi kudivayisi yakho ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ubuqotho bedatha yakho yomuntu siqu.
