Umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuhlanganisa ikhompyutha wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Informatec Digital » Izinsiza » Umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuhlanganisa ikhompyutha wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Ukwakha i-PC yakho akuseyona eyabochwepheshe abagqoke amajazi amhlophe kuphela. Kulezi zinsuku, ngomhlahlandlela omuhle, isineke esincane, namathuluzi afanele , noma ubani angahlanganisa ikhompyutha kusukela ekuqaleni futhi ayiqalise kahle emidlalweni, emsebenzini, noma ekuhleleni amavidiyo. Ngaphandle kokonga imali, uzoba nomshini olungiselelwe kahle izidingo zakho futhi wazi kahle ukuthi yini engaphakathi.

Kuyo yonke le mhlahlandlela ophelele, uzobona, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo, ukuthi ungalulungiselela kanjani uhlelo lwakho, ukhethe izingxenye ngaphandle kwezinkinga zokuhambisana, ufake i-CPU, i-RAM, ikhadi lehluzo, isitoreji , kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla , uxhume yonke into kahle, uvule ikhompyutha yakho okokuqala, ufinyelele i-BIOS, ufake uhlelo lokusebenza, bese wenza izinguquko zokugcina. Sizophinde simboze ukufakwa kwamakhadi ehluzo aqondile, amathiphu okupholisa, amaphutha avamile, kanye nokubuyekezwa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo zemidlalo ukuze uqedele ukusetha kwakho.

Ngaphambi kokuthi siqale: Ingabe kungcono ukwakha i-PC noma ukuthenga eyenziwe ngaphambilini?

Umbuzo wokuqala omkhulu ukuthi kungcono yini ukuthenga i-PC eyakhiwe ngaphambilini noma uqalise ukuhlanganisa ikhompyutha kancane kancane . Ikhompyutha eqanjwe ngegama ingaba lula: ifika emnyango wakho, uyixhume, bese usukulungele ukuhamba. Inkinga ukuthi ngokushesha nje lapho ufuna into enamandla yokudlala imidlalo noma imisebenzi enzima, intengo iyakhuphuka, futhi uvame ukukhokha imali eningi ngokuhlanganiswa kanye nomkhiqizo kunehadiwe uqobo.

Uma unquma ukuzakhela wena, ngokuvamile uzothola ukusebenza okungcono nge-euro ngayinye oyitshalile , ukhetha ingxenye ngayinye ngqo, ungathuthukisa kalula , futhi awuboshiwe ekucushweni okuhleliwe. Inkinga: uma kukhona okungahambi kahle, umthwalo wemfanelo wokukuxilonga uwela kuwe; akukho ukwesekwa okungu-24/7 okuvela kumenzi we-PC (yize kukhona ukwesekwa kwengxenye ngayinye, ezoba newaranti yayo).

Lokhu akufanele kukwethuse, kodwa kufanele kukwenze uqaphele ukuthi kukhona ingozi ethile: ukuphathwa kabi , ingxenye engahambisani, noma ikhebula elingaxhunyiwe kahle kungabangela izinkinga. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi, ngokulandela umhlahlandlela onemininingwane nokuzinika isikhathi sokufunda izincwadi, ukuhlanganisa i-PC kufana nokwakha ngama-LEGO kunokwenza ukuhlinzwa.

Uma uzinika isikhathi sakho futhi wenze umsebenzi wesikole ngaphambi kokuthenga, ukwakha i-PC yakho kungaba yinto ejabulisayo nefundisayo, futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ulungise futhi uthuthukise imishini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngaphandle kokushintsha yonke into.

Amathuluzi ayisisekelo kanye nokulungiselela indawo yokusebenza

Ngaphambi kokuvula noma yimaphi amabhokisi, kungumqondo omuhle ukulungiselela indawo yakho yokusebenza. Okungcono kakhulu, uzodinga itafula elikhulu, elikhanyiswe kahle, kude neziphuzo, elinesikhala esanele sokubeka zonke izithako ngaphandle kokuba ziwe. Khohlwa ngokwakha i-PC yakho embhedeni noma ekhaphethini elishajelwe ngendlela engashintshi.

Ngokuphathelene namathuluzi, uzobe ulungile ngamancane kakhulu, kodwa kukhona ubuncane obunconywayo bokusebenza ngokunethezeka nokugwema izimanga ezivela kugesi ongashintshi noma izikulufo ezincane ezizungezile:

• Isikulufi esiphakathi nendawo sePhillips (inkanyezi) kweningi lamacala, ibhodi lomama, kanye nezikulufo zokunikezwa kwamandla.
• Isikulufi esifushane noma esincane se-Phillips sezindawo okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo, ikakhulukazi eduze kwe-heatsink noma ezimweni ezincane.
• Ibhande lesihlakala elingashukumi noma, uma lokho kungenzeki, Khipha ugesi ngokuthinta into yensimbi ephansi. (isibonelo, i-radiator) njalo.
• Ama-tweezers noma afana nawo okuphatha izikulufo ezincane kanye nezixhumi ezincane zephaneli engaphambili.
• Izibopho zekhebula noma izintambo zeVelcro, ezizokusiza ngokuphathwa kwekhebula kanye nokuhamba komoya.
• Amathawula ephepha noma ama-wipe kanye ne-isopropyl alcohol hlanza ubuso be-CPU ngaphambi kokufaka i-thermal paste noma uma ufuna ukufaka esikhundleni se-standard paste.

Icebiso eliwusizo: sebenzisa ibhokisi lekhadibhodi lebhodi le-motherboard njengendawo yokusebenza ngenkathi ufaka i-CPU, i-RAM, i-heatsink, kanye ne-M.2 SSD. Lokhu kuvimbela ukuklwebha ibhodi le-motherboard etafuleni futhi kunikeza indawo ephephile nevikelayo.

Ukukhetha izingxenye ezihambisanayo: isisekelo sanoma yimuphi umhlangano omuhle

Ngaphambi kokukhokha noma yini, hlola kabili ukuthi konke okuthengayo kuyahambisana. Ukukhetha kabi i-motherboard, isokhethi, noma usayizi wekesi kungonakalisa uhlelo lwakho. Ake sibheke amaphuzu abalulekile okuhambisana okufanele uwahlole ngaphambi kokuchofoza inkinobho yokuthenga.

Ibhodi lomama liyisisekelo sekhompyutha yakho. Linquma ukuthi iyiphi iprosesa ongayisebenzisa, isekela i-RAM engakanani, uhlobo luni lwesitoreji ongalufaka, kanye nosayizi wesikhwama osidingayo . Hlola njalo:

• I-Form factor (ATX, microATX, ITX) iyahambisana nekesi elikhethiwe.
• Isokhethi kanye ne-chipset kusekelwa yi-CPU ofuna ukuyifaka.
• Inombolo kanye nohlobo lwezikhala ze-RAM (DDR4 noma DDR5) kanye nemvamisa yazo ephezulu.
• Slots I-PCI x16 ye-GPU, futhi uma unesithakazelo, isikhala samanye amakhadi.
• Izixhumi ze-M.2 nezanele kanye nama-port e-SATA kuma-drive akho.

Ku-CPU, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ifanelana nesokhethi lebhodi lomama nokuthi i-chipset iyahambisana. Ngaphandle kwalokho, cabanga ngebhalansi iyonke: akukho sizathu sokuhlanganisa i-CPU ephezulu kakhulu ne-GPU ebuthakathaka uma umgomo wakho uwukudlala imidlalo, ngoba ikhadi lehluzo lizoba yimbangela.

Uma ukhetha i-RAM, cabanga ngezinto ezintathu: ubuchwepheshe (i-DDR4 noma i-DDR5), umthamo ophelele osekelwa yi-motherboard, kanye nemvamisa esekelwayo. Njengamanje, i- 16 GB iwubuncane bekhompyutha yesimanje ehloselwe ukudlala imidlalo noma umsebenzi olula, ikhuphukela ku-32 GB uma uhlela ukuhlela ividiyo, ukusakaza, noma ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezidinga amandla ngasikhathi sinye.

Ukuze kugcinwe, ukusetha okuhle kakhulu inhlanganisela ye-NVMe M.2 SSD yesistimu yokusebenza nezinhlelo eziyinhloko, futhi, uma udinga isikhala esiningi, i -SATA HDD noma i-SSD eyengeziwe yedatha. Qiniseka ukuthi ibhodi lakho lomama linezikhala ze-M.2 ezihambisanayo (PCIe 3.0, 4.0, njll.) kanye nama-drive bay esimweni sakho sama-drive angu-2,5" noma angu-3,5".

Ikhadi lehluzo liyinhliziyo ye-PC yokudlala. Qiniseka ukuthi liyangena ebhokisini (ubude nobukhulu, njengoba abaningi bethatha izikhala ezingu-2,5 noma ezingu-3), ukuthi ibhodi lomama linesikhala se-PCIe x16 samahhala nesibekwe kahle , nokuthi ugesi unezixhumi ze-PCIe ezanele (8-pin, 6+2, noma 12VHPWR uma kwenzeka amakhadi e-NVIDIA akamuva).

Ugesi, ngokwawo, kumele ube namandla okwanele azo zonke izingxenye, izinga elithile lokusebenza kahle (okungenani isitifiketi esingu-80 PLUS), futhi uhambisane nekesi. Futhi, hlola ukuthi ufaka zonke izintambo zikagesi ezidingekayo (amaphini angu-24, i-EPS ye-CPU, i-PCIe ye-GPU, i-SATA yama-hard drive, njll.).

Okokugcina, hlola ukuthi ikesi liyawusekela usayizi webhodi lomama, ubude be-GPU, ukuphakama kwe-CPU cooler, kanye nosayizi we-radiator uma usebenzisa i- AIO liquid cooler . Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi inikeze umoya omuhle kanye nama-port e-USB angaphambili anele ukuxhuma kwibhodi lomama.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwangaphambili kubhodi lomama: i-CPU, i-RAM, i-M.2 kanye ne-heatsink

Uma usunazo zonke izingxenye ezilungisiwe futhi zahlolwa, umsebenzi wokuqala omkhulu ukulungisa i-motherboard enezinto ezibucayi kakhulu: iprosesa, inkumbulo, isitoreji se-M.2, kanye nohlelo lokupholisa . Ukwenza lokhu ngaphandle kwebhokisi kulula kakhulu futhi kunciphisa izingozi.

Sizoqala nge-CPU. Vula isokhethi yebhodi lomama ngokucophelela ngokuphakamisa i-lever yensimbi. Endabeni ye-Intel, amaphini akhona kusokhethi, ngakho-ke qaphela kakhulu ukuthi ungawaklwebhi noma uwagobe. Ku-AMD (kuye ngokuthi isizukulwane sinjani), amaphini avame ukuba kuprosesa uqobo, okwenza i-CPU ibe yingxenye ebuthakathaka kakhulu. Kuzo zombili izimo, qondanisa uphawu oluncane (unxantathu) ku-CPU nophawu oluhambisanayo kusokhethi bese ubeka iprosesa kuyo ngaphandle kokuyiphoqa . Uma isisendaweni, yehlisa i-lever ize iqine.

Okulandelayo, qhubekela ku-RAM. Thola izikhala eduze kwesokhethi ye-CPU bese uvula amathebhu ezikhaleni ozosebenzisa. Uma ufaka amamojula amabili, cishe ahlala efakwa emabhange 2 no-4 (kusukela ku-CPU) ukuze unike amandla iziteshi ezimbili , kodwa hlola kabili incwadi yakho. Qondanisa i-notch kumojula ne-notch esikhala, uyifake iqonde, bese ucindezela ngokuqinile uze uzwe amathebhu echofoza endaweni yawo.

Uma une-M.2 SSD yesistimu yakho, manje yisikhathi esifanele sokuyifaka. Susa isikulufu ekugcineni kwesikhala se-M.2, faka idrayivu cishe nge-engeli engama-degree angu-45, uyicindezele kancane, bese uyibeka ebhulakini. Bese, faka i-SSD ngaphakathi ukuze uyiqinise . Amanye amabhodi omama ane-heatsink encane yale ndawo, okufanele ifakwe ngokwemiyalelo.

Manje sekuyisikhathi se-thermal paste kanye ne-CPU heatsink. Uma usebenzisa i-paste eza isetshenziswe ku-heatsink, vele ushiye ifilimu yokuvikela ivuliwe uze ulungele ukuyifaka. Uma ukhetha i-thermal paste esezingeni eliphezulu, qala uhlanze ubuso bensimbi be-CPU (IHS) ngotshwala kanye nethawula lephepha, uyivumele yome, bese ufaka inani elincane le-paste: inani elilingana ne-pea phakathi nendawo livame ukwanele, yize ezinye izindlela (X, imigqa, njll.) nazo ziyasebenza.

Ukufaka i-CPU cooler kuncike kumodeli: abanye basebenzisa i-backplate ngemuva kwe-motherboard, abanye basebenzisa ama-clamp ngqo kusokhethi. Kunoma ikuphi, landela isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ngesandla, qinisa izikulufo ezishintshana ngamakhona ukuze usabalalise ingcindezi, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, xhuma ifeni ye-cooler ku-CPU_FAN header ku-motherboard. Zama ukuqondisa ukuhamba komoya kusuka ku-cooler uye ku-fan ye-case yangemuva ukuze ukhiphe ukushisa.

Lungisa ikesi, ukunikezwa kwamandla, kanye nokuphathwa kwekhebula

Njengoba i-motherboard "isifakwe ngaphambilini," siqhubekela esicabheni. Isinyathelo sokuqala ukususa amaphaneli aseceleni bese uthola izindawo zokufaka i-motherboard, indawo yokunikezwa kwamandla, kanye nama-drive bay. Uma i-motherboard yakho inesivikelo se-I/O esihlukile , sinamathisele manje ngaphakathi kwe-case; uma ihlanganisiwe, ungasiqa lesi sinyathelo.

Ngaphambi kokufaka noma yini ngaphakathi, thola izindawo zokuma zensimbi ezifakwe ku-chassis futhi lapho kuzobekwa khona i-motherboard. Kumelwe zivumelane nezimbobo eziku-motherboard; uma zikhona ezisesimweni esingalungile, zisuse ukuze ugweme ama-short circuits angafuneki . Faka kuphela izindawo zokuma ezihambisana nosayizi we-motherboard yakho.

Ugesi uvame ukufakwa ngemuva kwekhava phansi, yize amanye amacala ewubeka phezulu. Qiniseka ukuthi ifeni logesi libheke endaweni enomoya ongenayo (kungaba yi-grille engezansi ene-filter noma ngaphakathi kwekhava, kuye ngomklamo). Vikela ugesi ngezikulufo ezine ezinikeziwe futhi ungawuphoqi ukuba ungene ezindaweni ezingajwayelekile.

Manje yisikhathi esihle sokuhambisa izintambo eziyinhloko ngemuva kwekhava: isixhumi se-ATX esingu-24-pin sebhodi lomama, isixhumi se-EPS esingu-8-pin (noma esingu-4+4) se-CPU, izintambo ze-PCIe zekhadi lehluzo, kanye nezintambo ze-SATA zama-hard drive. Uma uzishiya zivele ezimbotsheni eziseduze nezixhumi zazo, kuzoba lula kakhulu ukuzixhuma kamuva ngaphandle kokubhekana nobunzima nge-GPU ethatha ingxenye yeshasi.

Cabanga nangokugeleza komoya: uma izintambo zingabambeki kahle, kungcono. Sebenzisa ama-grommet ekhebula, izibopho zekhebula, kanye ne-Velcro ukuze uzihlanganise ndawonye. Ukuphathwa kahle kwekhebula akubukeki nje kuphela kangcono uma ubheka ngefasitela, kodwa futhi kusiza ukugcina amazinga okushisa elawulwa.

Faka i-motherboard, ama-hard drive, kanye nekhadi lehluzo.

Manje sekuyisikhathi sokufaka ibhodi lomama ebhokisini. Libambe emaphethelweni, ulibeke ngokucophelela, uvumelanise ama-port angemuva nepuleti lensimbi lephaneli ye-I/O, futhi uma selifikile endaweni yalo, libeke ezisekelweni zensimbi. Okulandelayo, faka ibhodi lomama ngezikulufo ezinikeziwe, uqaphele ukuthi ungaliqinisi kakhulu; ukulingana okuqinile kodwa okungaqini kakhulu kwanele.

Uma i-motherboard isivikelekile, ungafaka noma yimaphi ama-drive okugcina angewona ama-M.2. Ama-SSD angu-2,5" avame ukungena kuma-tray akhethekile noma afakwe ngemuva kwe-chassis, kuyilapho ama-HDD angu-3,5" engena kuma-drawer noma ozimele abathuthwayo. Beka i-drive, qinisa izikulufo uma kudingeka, bese uxhuma ikhebula ledatha le-SATA ku-motherboard kanye nekhebula lamandla le-SATA elivela kumthombo wamandla.

Manje sekuyisikhathi se-GPU, okubaluleke kakhulu kwi-PC yokudlala. Thola i-slot enkulu ye-PCIe x16 (ngokuvamile eseduze ne-CPU), vula i-latch encane yepulasitiki ekugcineni, bese ususa ama-bracket ensimbi ngemuva ahambisana nenani le-slot ikhadi elihlala kuyo. Faka ikhadi lehluzo ngqo e-slot kuze kube yilapho i-latch ichofoza endaweni yayo , bese ugoqa ikhadi ebhokisini usebenzisa izimbobo ezisele ngokususa ama-bracket.

Kumakhadi ehluzo asindayo, asezingeni eliphezulu, kuyalulekwa ukusebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lokusekela noma i-bracket ukuvimbela ikhadi ukuthi lingawi futhi lifake amandla amaningi kakhulu ku-PCIe slot. Amanye amamodeli asevele efaka i -brace noma i-support evimbela ukuwohloka kwe-slot noma i-support ku-case uqobo.

Ngokuphathelene nokuqondiswa kwe-GPU, izimo eziningi zesimanje zivumela ukufakwa okuqondile kusetshenziswa ikhebula le-PCIe riser kanye ne-side bracket. Lokhu kuvumela ingxenye yefeni ukuthi ibonakale ngengilazi, okuheha kakhulu uma ikhadi lezithombe linokukhanya kanye nomklamo omangalisayo. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi ukuhamba komoya kunqunyelwe kakhulu yini nokuthi ibanga elivela engilazini livumela ikhadi ukuthi liphefumule ngaphandle kokushisa ngokweqile . Uma ibhokisi lincane futhi ikhadi lezithombe lijiyile kakhulu, kungcono ukunamathela ekufakweni okuvundlile okuvamile.

Ukuxhumeka kwamandla kanye nokufakwa kwezintambo zamabhokisi

Njengoba zonke ihadiwe ezinkulu zisendaweni, sekuyisikhathi sokusebenzisa ikhebula ngekhebula kuze kube yilapho konke kuxhunyiwe. Sizoqala ngogesi oyinhloko webhodi le-motherboard: thola isixhumi se-ATX esingu-24-pin onqenqemeni lwesokudla lwebhodi bese uxhuma ikhebula logesi uze uzwe ukuchofoza okuphawulekayo kwesikhiye sepulasitiki. Kuyisixhumi esikhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kufanele ucindezele ngokuqinile.

Okulandelayo isixhumi se-CPU EPS, esivame ukutholakala phezulu kwebhodi lomama eduze kwesokhethi ye-CPU. Kungaba isixhumi esinezikhonkwane ezingu-8 noma sihlukaniswe sibe yizikhonkwane ezingu-4+4; xhuma ikhebula elibhalwe ukuthi i-CPU/EPS kusuka kugesi bese uqinisekisa ukuthi indlela yokukhiya iyasebenzisana. Ungakudidanisi nezixhumi ze-PCIe zekhadi lehluzo, njengoba ukucushwa kwephini kwazo kuhlukile futhi ukuphoqa kungadala umonakalo.

I-GPU idinga ugesi wayo ozinikele. Kuye ngemodeli, uzoba nanoma yini kusukela kusixhumi esisodwa noma ezimbili ezinamaphini angu-8 (6+2) kuya kusixhumi sesimanje samaphini angu-12 angu-12VHPWR esitholakala kumakhadi akamuva e-NVIDIA. Xhuma izintambo ze-PCIe kusukela kusixhumi sikagesi kuya ekhadini, uzicindezele ngokuqinile kuze kube yilapho ziqinile. Gwema ukugoba izintambo ngokweqile kusixhumi , ikakhulukazi izixhumi ze-12VHPWR, ukuze uvimbele ukuzenza buthaka.

Ungakhohlwa ama-drive: i-SATA SSD noma i-HDD ngayinye idinga ikhebula lamandla le-SATA elivela kugesi kanye nekhebula ledatha elihlukile eliya kubhodi lomama. Lezi zixhumi zinomumo we-L ukuze zivimbele ukuthi zixhunywe emuva, ngakho qondanisa ithebhu ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuzicindezela.

Isethi elandelayo yezintambo ingeyephaneli engaphambili yekesi: inkinobho yamandla, inkinobho yokusetha kabusha, ama-LED esimo, futhi, ezimweni eziningi, isipikha esincane sangaphakathi. Lezi ngokuvamile izintambo ezincane ezibhalwe ukuthi PWR SW, RESET SW, HDD LED, PLED , njll. Ngokuvamile kuba ne-pin block enikezelwe (F_PANEL noma efanayo) eceleni komphetho ongezansi webhodi lomama; bheka incwadi yakho yebhodi lomama ukuze uthole i-pinout eqondile bese uxhuma isixhumi ngasinye ngendlela efanele. Uma ubuyisela emuva i-polarity yama-LED, ngeke nje akhanye, kodwa ngeke uphule lutho.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, xhuma ikhebula lomsindo langaphambili (HD_AUDIO) kusixhumi esihambisanayo, ngokuvamile ekhoneni elingezansi kwesobunxele lebhodi lomama, kanye nezintambo ze-USB zangaphambili (USB 2.0, USB 3.x) kuma-header azo. Lezi zivame ukuba nezimbobo noma amaphini angekho ukuze zikuvimbele ekuzixhumeni emuva.

Amafeni, ukuhamba komoya, kanye nokuqala kokuqala

Uma ibhokisi lakho liza namafeni afakwe ngaphambilini, thola izintambo zawo bese uzixhuma kuma-fan header ebhodi le-motherboard (SYS_FAN, CHA_FAN, njll.) noma ku-intermediate hub uma ibhokisi lifaka eyodwa. Zama ukuqinisekisa ukwakheka komoya okunengqondo: amafeni angaphambili adonsa umoya opholile, ifeni yangemuva ekhipha umoya oshisayo, kanye namafeni aphezulu, uma ekhona, nawo asiza ekukhipheni umoya. Lokhu kudala ukuhamba komoya okuqhubekayo okugcina amazinga okushisa elawulwa.

Hlola futhi amafeni okupholisa e-CPU noma amafeni okupholisa ngoketshezi: iphampu ivame ukuxhuma kusixhumi esibhalwe ukuthi i-PUMP noma i-AIO_PUMP, kuyilapho amafeni e-radiator exhuma ku-header yefeni ye-chassis noma kusilawuli esincane. Futhi, isihluthulelo ukufunda incwadi yemiyalelo bese uqinisekisa ukuthi akukho okushiywe kungaxhunywanga.

Ngaphambi kokuvula kokuqala, hlola ingaphakathi ngokubonakalayo: azikho izintambo ezilenga kumafeni, azikho izikulufu ezikhululekile ngaphakathi kwekesi , zonke izixhumi ezinkulu zihleli kahle, kanye ne-GPU eboshwe kahle. Vala iphaneli yangemuva uma usuvele uyilungisile ikhebula, kodwa shiya iphaneli eseceleni yengilazi ivuliwe ukuze ukwazi ukubona ukuziphatha kwesistimu ngesikhathi sokuqalisa kokuqala.

Xhuma ikhebula lamandla kugesi, imonitha ku-GPU (i-DisplayPort noma i-HDMI 2.1 ingcono kakhulu uma ikhadi lakho lezithombe kanye nemonitha kuyisekela), ikhibhodi negundane, bese uvula inkinobho yogesi. Cindezela inkinobho yogesi engaphambili kwekesi bese uphambanisa iminwe yakho. Uma konke kuhamba kahle, uzobona izibani, amafeni ejikeleza, kanye nesignali kumonitha.

Uma i-PC yakho ingaqali noma ingavali ngemva kwemizuzwana embalwa, qala uhlole ama-LED okuxilonga ebhodi le-motherboard (uma ekhona) noma ulalele imisindo evela kusipikha esincane sangaphakathi. Amaphutha avamile okuqala afaka phakathi amamojula e-RAM angahlali kahle, amandla anganele ku-CPU noma ku-GPU, noma izintambo zangaphambili ezikhululekile.

Lungiselela i-BIOS, faka uhlelo, futhi ulungiselele

Uma umshini usuvule futhi ufinyelela esikrinini se-POST, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukufaka i-BIOS/UEFI (ngokuvamile ngokucindezela i-DEL noma i-F2 ngokuphindaphindiwe ngesikhathi sokuqalisa). Lapho ungaqinisekisa ukuthi i-motherboard ithola kahle i-CPU, inani eliphelele le-RAM, kanye nama-drive okugcina. Uma kukhona okungekho , yima bese uhlola ukuxhumana ngaphambi kokuqhubeka.

Ku-BIOS, kuyalulekwa ukulungisa izinto eziyisisekelo: hlola ukuthi imodi ye-SATA port isethwe ku-AHCI (uma usebenzisa ama-SATA SSD), yenza kusebenze iphrofayili yememori ye-XMP noma ye-EXPO ukuze isebenze ngokuvama kwayo kwangempela, bese ukhetha i-SSD lapho uzofaka khona uhlelo njengedrayivu yokuqalisa eyinhloko uma usuyilungisile i-installer.

Ukuze ufake uhlelo lokusebenza, dala idrayivu ye-USB yokufaka (isibonelo, usebenzisa ithuluzi elisemthethweni le-Microsoft uma ufaka i-Windows), lixhume, uvule i-PC yakho kuyo, bese ulandela i-wizard ukuze ukhethe ulimi lwakho, idiski oya kuyo, kanye nokwahlukaniswa. Khetha i-NVMe SSD yakho njengediski eyinhloko uma unayo, ukuze uqalise ngokushesha kakhulu futhi ulayishe izikhathi.

Ngemva kokufakwa kokuqala kanye nokungena ngemvume kokuqala kudeskithophu, sekuyisikhathi sokufaka abashayeli: qala nge-chipset ye-motherboard (kusuka kuwebhusayithi yomenzi), bese kuba ikhadi lehluzo (NVIDIA, AMD noma i-Intel), bese uqeda ngenethiwekhi, abashayeli bomsindo kanye nanoma iyiphi isofthiwe yokuphatha i-motherboard oyibheka njengewusizo.

Uma konke kufakiwe, ungadlulela ekuhlolweni kokusebenza kanye nokuzinza: amathuluzi okulinganisa okwenziwa, ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kwe-CPU kanye ne-GPU, kanye nokuqapha izinga lokushisa ngezinhlelo ezifana ne-HWInfo noma ezifanayo. Uma ubona amazinga okushisa afanele futhi uhlelo lusebenza kahle, i-PC yakho isilungele ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kanye nokudlala imidlalo.

Ama-peripheral kanye ne-monitor: ukuqedela ukusethwa kwemidlalo

Ikhompyutha yakho ayigcini ngombhoshongo. Ukuze uthole okuningi kuwo, uzodinga i-monitor enhle kanye nezinto ezihambisanayo . Abasebenzisi abaningi basebenzisa isabelomali sabo kuphela ekesini bese behluleka esikrinini, yize yilokho okubhekayo ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Uma ufake i-GPU enamandla, kungcono ukuthi usebenzise i-monitor engu-1440p (2560 x 1440), noma ngisho nesibonisi esibanzi kakhulu esingu-3440 x 1440, esine-IPS, iphaneli ye-VA esezingeni eliphezulu, noma i-OLED/QD-OLED uma ufuna ukugqama okungcono kakhulu. Qiniseka ukuthi okungenani inesilinganiso sokuvuselela esingu-144Hz , isikhathi sokuphendula esingu-1ms noma ngaphansi, kanye nobuchwepheshe obufana ne-AMD FreeSync Premium noma i-NVIDIA G-SYNC ukuvimbela ukudabuka kwesikrini.

Ngokuphathelene nekhibhodi, ungakhetha imodeli ye-membrane engabizi, kodwa uma ungakwazi ukuyikhokhela, ikhibhodi yemishini ingcono kakhulu: umuzwa wokuthayipha ongcono, ukuqina okukhulu, futhi, ngokujwayelekile, ulwazi olungcono kokubili imidlalo kanye nokuthayipha . Izinkinobho eziqondile (ezibomvu noma ezilinganayo) zivame ukuba zinhle kakhulu ekudlaleni imidlalo; ngenhlanganisela yomsebenzi nokudlala, izinkinobho zokuthinta ziyisinqumo esihle.

Igundane kufanele lilingane nokubamba kwakho (isundu, uzipho, umunwe) kanye nosayizi wesandla sakho. Ungalibali i-DPI yezinkanyezi; noma yiliphi igundane lemidlalo yesimanje elinenzwa enhle yokukhanya kanye ne-mousepad enhle lizokunikeza ukunemba okwanele. Nokho, cabanga ukuthi ufuna uxhumano olungenantambo (ukulula kakhudlwana, kodwa olubiza kancane) noma ukuthi ikhebula lendabuko lanele yini.

Okokugcina, ama-headphone: ungasebenzisa ama-headphone e-Hi-Fi ane-soundstage enhle noma ama-headphone emidlalo ane-microphone eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Into ebalulekile ukuthi akhululekile ngezikhathi ezinde, abe nomsindo olinganiselayo, futhi, uma udlala ku-inthanethi, ukuthi imakrofoni icace ukuze uzwakale kahle engxoxweni . Okunye (izibani ze-RGB, imiklamo yobudlova) kumane kuyindaba yokuthanda kwakho.

Ngemva kwenqubo yonke, kusukela ekuthengeni izingxenye kuya ekuqaliseni kokuqala okuzinzile, usala nomshini omaziyo ngaphakathi nangaphandle, ongawuthuthukisa noma nini lapho ufuna, nokuthi uzakhele ingxenye ngayinye. Ngaphandle kokonga nokusebenza, okubaluleke ngempela ukuthi kusukela manje uzobe usuqonda kangcono ukuthi i-PC yakho isebenza kanjani , ukuthi yini okufanele uyilungise lapho kukhona okungahambi kahle, nokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani ngokugcwele izidingo zakho zangempela.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Izingxenye eziyisisekelo ze-PC: umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuqonda ikhompyutha yakho