Indlela yokuthola ikheli le-IP le-router yakho bese ulilungiselela isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

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Ukwazi ikheli le-IP le-router yakho kungenye yalezo mininingwane yobuchwepheshe ebonakala ingabalulekile kuze kube yilapho udinga ukushintsha iphasiwedi yakho ye-Wi-Fi , ukukhipha umakhelwane olayisha mahhala, noma ukulungisa izilungiselelo ezithile zenethiwekhi. Lelo kheli liyindlela eya kuphaneli yokucushwa kwedivayisi, futhi ngaphandle kwalo, cishe awusakwazi ukuxhumana kwakho.

Kule migqa elandelayo, sizobuyekeza, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo , zonke izindlela zokuthola ikheli le-IP le-router yakho kukhompyutha (i-Windows, i-macOS, ne-GNU/Linux) kanye nakudivayisi yeselula (i-Android ne-iOS). Sizochaza ngokucacile nokuthi liyini ikheli le-IP, umehluko phakathi kwama-IP omphakathi nawangasese, nokuthi yiziphi izilungiselelo ezibalulekile okufanele uzilungise uma usufinyelele iphaneli yokulawula ye-router yakho. Umgomo uwukuthi uqedele lesi sihloko ukwazi ukuphatha inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya kalula, ngaphandle kokuthembela njalo kuchwepheshe noma kumhlinzeki wakho wesevisi ye-inthanethi.

Liyini ngempela ikheli le-IP le-router futhi lihluke kanjani kwamanye amakheli e-IP?

Ikheli le-IP (i-Internet Protocol) liyisibonakaliso sezinombolo esivumela amadivayisi ukuthi aqaphelane futhi athumelelane idatha kunethiwekhi, kungaba yi-inthanethi uqobo noma inethiwekhi yendawo njengekhaya noma ihhovisi. Ungacabanga ngakho njengenombolo yocingo noma ipuleti lelayisensi yedivayisi ngayinye: likwazisa ukuthi ubani oxhumana nobani nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Ngaphakathi kwezwe lamakheli e-IP, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ezibalulekile ukuziqonda: ama-IP omphakathi kanye nama-IP angasese noma endawo . Ngayinye inenhloso ehlukile, okuvame ukuba umthombo wokudideka lapho kukhulunywa nge-"IP yami."

Ikheli lakho le-IP lomphakathi yilelo uxhumano lwakho olulibonisa kwi-inthanethi. Yikheli elibonwa yiwebhusayithi uma uxhuma, noma isevisi eku-inthanethi elibonwayo uma ulanda noma uthumela okuthile. Ngokuvamile linikezwa umhlinzeki wakho wesevisi ye-inthanethi (i-ISP) futhi lingashintsha njalo uma uqala kabusha i-router yakho noma ngezikhathi ezithile, kuye ngenkontileka yakho. Kunenqwaba yamawebhusayithi akutshela ukuthi "ikheli lakho le-IP lomphakathi lingu…", kodwa akulona lelo olidingayo ukuze ufinyelele i-router yakho.

Ikheli lakho le-IP eliyimfihlo noma lendawo yilelo elisetshenziswa kuphela ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya noma yehhovisi. I-router yakho isebenza "njengomsabalalisi" wamakheli e-IP endawo kuwo wonke amadivayisi axhunyiwe: amakhompyutha, omakhalekhukhwini, ama-consoles emidlalo, amathelevishini, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-router ngokwayo inika ikheli le-IP eliyimfihlo, elivame ukuqala ngo- 192.168.xx. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isango elizenzakalelayo futhi yikheli ozodinga ukulifaka kusiphequluli sakho sewebhu ukuze ufinyelele izilungiselelo ze-router yakho.

Ukufingqa le ngxenye : ikheli le-IP olidingayo ukuze ulungise izilungiselelo ze-router akulona ikheli le-IP lomphakathi, kodwa ikheli le-IP eliyimfihlo i-router elilisebenzisa njengesango layo. Leli ikheli ozolibona libhalwe ngaphansi kwe-"Gateway," "Default Route," noma nje "Router," kuye ngesistimu yakho yokusebenza.

Lapho ikheli le-IP le-router livame ukutholakala khona: amakheli avamile kanye nelebula elibonakalayo

Ama-router amaningi asekhaya asebenzisa amakheli ambalwa e-IP ajwayelekile njengesango lawo. Asetshenziswa kakhulu yilawa:

• 192.168.1.1
• 192.168.0.1

Ezimweni eziningi, zama nje lawa makheli amabili ngqo kubha yekheli lesiphequluli sakho (i-Chrome, i-Edge, i-Firefox, i-Safari, njll.) ngenkathi uxhumeke kunethiwekhi ye-router, kungaba nge-Wi-Fi noma ngekhebula. Uma ukucindezela u-Enter kuvula ikhasi lokungena le-router elicela igama lakho lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi, usuthole ikheli le-IP elifanele.

Enye indlela eqondile yokuthola ikheli le-IP le-router yakho ukubheka i-casing yedivayisi. Ngaphansi noma ngemuva, ngokuvamile kuba nelebula elinolwazi olufana nalolu:

• Ikheli le-IP lokufinyelela iphaneli (ngezinye izikhathi “iSango”, “i-Router IP” noma okufanayo).
• Igama lenethiwekhi ye-WiFi (i-SSID).
• Iphasiwedi ye-WiFi ezenzakalelayo.
• Igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi yokufinyelela iphaneli yokuphatha.

Akuwona wonke amamodeli abonisa lolu lwazi oluphelele , kodwa ama-router amaningi avela kubahlinzeki bezinsizakalo ze-inthanethi kanye nemikhiqizo edumile ayalubona. Uma ungaboni lutho ku-router uqobo, maka ibhokisi lokuqala, ikhadi elize ne-router, noma umhlahlandlela wokuqala osheshayo ofakiwe ngumkhiqizi, njengoba lokhu kuvame ukukhombisa ikheli le-IP lokufinyelela okuzenzakalelayo kanye neziqinisekiso.

Uma uyazi imodeli eqondile ye-router yakho (isibonelo: i-Archer C6, i-Deco X50, i-Archer AX6000, i-TL-WR841N, njll.), enye inketho ukuyibheka kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomenzi. Finyelela isigaba sokusekela semodeli ethile, futhi ngaphakathi kwebhukwana noma umhlahlandlela wokuqalisa okusheshayo , ngokuvamile uzothola ikheli le-IP elizenzakalelayo kanye negama lomsebenzisi/iphasiwedi yasefekthri. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi ngamadivayisi afana nochungechunge lwe-TP-Link Archer, i-Deco, noma i-TL-WR, anezinhlobo eziningi zehadiwe kanye nokubuyekezwa.

Ungalithola kanjani ikheli le-IP le-router yakho kukhompyutha yakho

Uma amakheli e-IP ajwayelekile engasebenzi noma ufuna ukuqiniseka ngokuphelele ukuthi iyiphi isango, izinhlelo zokusebenza zinikeza amathuluzi alula kakhulu okulihlola. Ku-Windows, ungasebenzisa i-Command Prompt noma i-Control Panel; ku-macOS kanye ne-GNU/Linux, uzolithola kuzilungiselelo zenethiwekhi noma ku-terminal.

Thola ikheli le-IP le-router ku-Windows usebenzisa i-Command Prompt

Lena mhlawumbe indlela eshesha kakhulu ku-Windows yokubona ikheli le-IP le-router yakho ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kumamenyu:

1. Chofoza inkinobho ethi Qala (ilogo ye-Windows) noma cindezela inkinobho ethi Windows kukhibhodi yakho.
2. Bhala cmd kubha yokusesha bese ucindezela u-Enter ukuvula iwindi Uphawu lwesistimu.
3. Efasiteleni elimnyama elivulayo, thayipha ipconfig bese ushaya u-Enter.

Umyalo we-ipconfig uzobonisa ulwazi oluningi mayelana nokuxhumeka kwakho: amakheli e-IPv4, imaski ye-subnet, ama-adapter enethiwekhi, njll. Okunentshisekelo kukho ukuthola umugqa othi "Default Gateway" ngaphansi kwe-adaptha yenethiwekhi oyisebenzisayo (ngokuvamile "i-Wi-Fi Wireless LAN Adapter" noma "i-Ethernet Adapter"). Leyo nombolo, ngefomethi efana ne -192.168.1.1 , ikheli le-IP le-router yakho.

Ku-Windows 10 kanye ne-Windows 11, inqubo ifana kakhulu . Ku-Windows 11, ungavula i-Command Prompt yakudala, i-Windows Terminal, noma i-PowerShell. Kuzo zonke izimo, umyalo wokuqalisa uyafana ( ipconfig ), futhi ulwazi oludingayo ukulifuna lusalokhu "luyi-Default Gateway."

Buka ikheli le-IP le-router ku-Windows kusuka ku-Control Panel

Uma ukhetha indlela yesithombe esikhundleni sokusebenzisa ikhonsoli, iWindows ikuvumela futhi ukuthi ubuke ikheli le-IP le-router kusuka ku-Control Panel:

1. Vula imenyu yokuqala bese uthayipha "Iphaneli yokulawula"Cindezela u-Enter ukuze ufake.
2. Iya esigabeni "Amanethiwekhi kanye ne-inthanethi" bese ku "Buka isimo senethiwekhi nemisebenzi".
3. Ngakwesokudla, uzobona uxhumano lwakho olusebenzayo (igama lenethiwekhi noma i-router). Chofoza kuleso sixhumanisi.
4. Efasiteleni elivulayo, chofoza inkinobho "Imininingwane".

Kuzovela iwindi elisha elinemininingwane ye-adaptha : Ikheli le-IPv4, iseva ye-DHCP, imaski ye-subnet, njll. Kulolo hlu, uzobona insimu ebizwa ngokuthi "I-Default IPv4 Gateway ." Leli nani ikheli le-IP lendawo le-router yakho, okuyikheli okudingeka ulifake kusiphequluli sakho ukuze ufinyelele iphaneli yokuphatha.

Thola ikheli le-IP le-router yakho ku-macOS

Kumakhompyutha e-Apple ane-macOS unezinketho ezimbili eziyinhloko : sebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Terminal noma finyelela izilungiselelo zeNethiwekhi kusuka ku-System Preferences.

Ukusuka ku-Terminal ungasebenzisa umyalo olingana ne-ipconfig ukuze ubuke amapharamitha enethiwekhi, kodwa kubasebenzisi abaningi kulula kakhulu ukulandela indlela yesithombe:

1. Chofoza ku-logo ye-Apple bese ufaka "Okuncamelayo kwesistimu" (noma “Izilungiselelo Zesistimu” ezinguqulweni zakamuva).
2. Finyelela esigabeni "Inethi".
3. Khetha uxhumano olusebenzisayo (i-Wi-Fi noma i-Ethernet) bese uluthinta.

Ulwazi oluboniswayo lwalolo xhumano luzobonisa imininingwane yenethiwekhi yakho yendawo. Kuye ngenguqulo yakho ye-macOS, ikheli le-IP le-router lingafakwa ohlwini oluthi "i-Router ," "i-Gateway," noma "i-Default Route." Ikheli le-IP olidingayo yilelo eliboniswe kufomethi ethi 192.168.xx.

Buka ikheli le-IP le-router ekusakazweni kwe-GNU/Linux

Kuzinhlelo ze-GNU/Linux ezifana ne-Ubuntu, i-Debian, i-Fedora, kanye nokusabalalisa okufanayo, unenketho yokusebenzisa i-terminal noma amamenyu ezithombe. Indlela elula, uma ungakhululekile ngemiyalo, ukusebenzisa isikhombimsebenzisi sokucushwa kwenethiwekhi.

Kuma-desktops afana ne-GNOME noma afanayo , izinyathelo ezijwayelekile yilezi (amagama angahluka kancane kuye ngokusatshalaliswa kanye nokuhumusha):

1. Vula iphaneli "Izilungiselelo" yohlelo.
2. Faka isigaba "Inethi" noma “i-Wi-Fi”.
3. Khetha uxhumano olusebenzayo (inethiwekhi yakho ye-WiFi noma isikhombimsebenzisi esinezintambo) bese uthinta ukuze ubuke izakhiwo zalo.

Olwazini lokuxhumana, uzobona izinkambu eziningana ezihlobene nekheli le-IP, i-DNS, kanye nesango. Ulwazi oluyinhloko luvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "Umzila Ozenzakalelayo ," "Isango," noma "Isango." Leli ikheli le-IP lendawo le-router, okuzodingeka ulifake kusiphequluli sakho ukuze uphathe idivayisi.

Ungalithola kanjani ikheli le-IP le-router yakho kusuka kuselula yakho ye-Android

Ezimweni eziningi, ngeke udinge ngisho nekhompyutha ukuthola ikheli le-IP le-router yakho. I-Android ikuvumela ukuthi ubuke lolu lwazi ngezilungiselelo zalo, yize indlela eqondile ingahluka kancane kuye ngokuthi uhlobo luni kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo esenziwe ngokwezifiso somkhiqizi (i-Samsung, i-Xiaomi, i-Realme, njll.).

Okokuqala, qiniseka ukuthi uxhumeke nge-Wi-Fi kunethiwekhi ofuna ukuhlola i-router yayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uzobona idatha evela kwenye inethiwekhi noma ungaboni lutho oluwusizo nhlobo. Uma usuxhumekile, landela le nqubo evamile:

1. Faka uhlelo lokusebenza "Izilungiselelo" kusuka kuselula yakho (isithonjana segiya).
2. Finyelela esigabeni "Amanethiwekhi kanye ne-inthanethi" noma “Ukuxhumana”, kuye ngedivayisi.
3. Chofoza ku- "I-Wi-Fi" ukuze ubone amanethiwekhi atholakalayo kanye nokuxhumeka kwakho kwamanje.

Ngaphakathi kohlu lwamanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi, uzobona inethiwekhi oxhumeke kuyo phezulu. Thepha kuyo, ngokuvamile usebenzisa isithonjana segiya, umcibisholo, noma inkinobho yolwazi etholakala ngakwesokudla kwegama lenethiwekhi.

Uma uvula izilungiselelo zenethiwekhi , ekuqaleni ungase ubone ulwazi oluyisisekelo kuphela (amandla esignali, imvamisa, uhlobo lokuphepha, njll.). Ukuze ubone yonke imininingwane, funa isigaba esibizwa ngokuthi "Okuthuthukisiwe ," "Imininingwane Yenethiwekhi," noma into efanayo, bese wandisa leyo menyu.

Ekupheleni kolwazi oluthuthukisiwe, ngokuvamile uzothola ikheli le-IP le-router ensimini ebhalwe ukuthi "Isango ." Leli ikheli ozodinga ukulifaka kusiphequluli kudivayisi yakho yeselula noma kunoma iyiphi enye idivayisi exhunywe kunethiwekhi efanayo ukuze ufinyelele izilungiselelo ze-router.

Kuthiwani uma idivayisi yakho ye-Android ingabonisi ikheli lesango ngendlela yemvelo? Amanye amamodeli ayalifihla lolu lwazi kakhulu, noma alulula kakhulu. Kulezo zimo, ungasebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuhlaziya inethiwekhi njenge- Wi-Fi analyzer . Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zivame ukubonisa, ngokushesha nje lapho uzivula, iziteshi zamanethiwekhi aseduze kanye nekheli le-IP le-router oxhumeke kuyo, ngaphansi kwethebhu ethi "amaphuzu okufinyelela" noma "ukufinyelela" (kuye ngokuthi uhlelo lokusebenza). Futhi, lelo kheli le-IP elinesakhiwo se-192.168.xx yilona olidingayo.

Ungalithola kanjani ikheli le-IP le-router yakho ku-iPhone (iOS)

Kuma-iPhone ane-iOS, inqubo ifana kakhulu ne-Android , ngaphandle kokuthi i-Apple ishintsha kancane amagama ensimu futhi yenza kube lula indlela ulwazi oluboniswa ngayo. Nalapha futhi, kubalulekile ukuxhunywa kunethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi ye-router ofuna ukuyiphatha.

Landela lezi zinyathelo eziyisisekelo ku-iPhone yakho:

1. Vula uhlelo lokusebenza "Izilungiselelo" kwe-iPhone.
2. Chofoza ingxenye "I-Wi-Fi", lapho uzobona khona inethiwekhi oxhumeke kuyo.
3. Ngakwesokudla segama lenethiwekhi yakho, thepha inkinobho enohlamvu "I" ngaphakathi kwendilinga (isithonjana solwazi).

Kuzovuleka isikrini esinemininingwane yonke yaleyo nethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi : ikheli le-IP le-iPhone, imaski ye-subnet, iseva ye-DNS , njll. Ngokungafani ne-Android, lapha ngeke ubone insimu ebizwa ngokuthi "iSango," kodwa insimu ebizwa ngokuthi "i-Router ." Lelo nani lezinombolo yikheli le-IP le-router kunethiwekhi yakho yendawo.

Uma usulitholile lelo kheli , ungalithayipha kusiphequluli sakho se-iPhone (i-Safari noma yisiphi osisebenzisayo) ukuze ufinyelele iphaneli yokucushwa kwe-router, uma nje wazi igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi yokufinyelela idivayisi uqobo.

Kungani kubaluleke kangaka ukumisa i-router ngendlela efanele?

Kuhle ukuthi uchwepheshe uqalise ukusebenza kwe-router ngosuku lokuqala , kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi izilungiselelo zasefekthri ziphephe kakhulu, zishesha kakhulu, noma zilungele wena. Ukufinyelela iphaneli yokulawula ye-router usebenzisa ikheli le-IP olifundile ukulithola kukuvumela ukuthi ulungise amapharamitha amaningi ayisihluthulelo.

Ezinye zezinguquko ezivame kakhulu okufanele uzihlole cishe kunoma iyiphi i-router yasekhaya yilezi:

• Shintsha igama lenethiwekhi ye-WiFi (i-SSID).
• Shintsha iphasiwedi yakho ye-WiFi ibe ngeqinile.
• Thuthukisa ukubethela kube yizinga eliphephile kakhulu (i-WPA2 noma i-WPA3).
• Shintsha iphasiwedi ukuze ufinyelele i-router uqobo.
• Khetha isiteshi se-WiFi esingaxinene kakhulu.
• Dala inethiwekhi yezivakashi kuhlukaniswe izivakashi.
• Buyekeza i-firmware ibe yinguqulo yakamuva etholakalayo.

Konke lokhu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-web interface ye-router , oyifinyelela ngokufaka ikheli le-IP lesango kubha yekheli lesiphequluli sakho bese ungena ngegama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi ye-router (okungadingeki ukuthi kufane neziqinisekiso zakho zenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi). Ama-router amaningi amadala asasebenzisa inhlanganisela eyisisekelo kakhulu njenge-"admin/admin" noma "admin/1234", yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukushintsha lezi ziqinisekiso ngokushesha okukhulu.

Abanye abahlinzeki sebeqalile ukunikeza izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza ezikuvumela ukuthi uphathe ezinye izilungiselelo kusuka kudivayisi yakho yeselula (ukushintsha iphasiwedi, ukusebenzisa inethiwekhi yezivakashi, njll.) ngaphandle kokudinga ukukhumbula ikheli le-IP. Noma kunjalo, indlela yakudala yokufinyelela i-router ngesiphequluli sewebhu usebenzisa ikheli layo le-IP lendawo isalokhu iyindlela evamile futhi inikeza ukulawula okuphelele kakhulu.

Izinguquko ezinconywayo kuzilungiselelo ze-router yakho uma usuyazi ikheli layo le-IP

Uma usuwazi ikheli le-IP le-router yakho futhi usukwazi ukufinyelela iphaneli yokulawula , kunezilungiselelo eziningana ezifanele ukuhlolwa, kokubili ukusebenza kanye nokuphepha. Sizihlanganise ndawonye ukuze ungaphuthelwa yilutho olubalulekile.

Shintsha igama lenethiwekhi ye-WiFi (i-SSID)

Ama-router amaningi eza negama lenethiwekhi elijwayelekile elivame ukufaka imodeli yedivayisi noma igama lomhlinzeki wesevisi ye-inthanethi. Nakuba kungase kubonakale sengathi kuyinto encane, ukushiya leyo SSID njengoba injalo kunganikeza abahlaseli abangase babe khona izinkomba mayelana nohlobo lwe-router onayo kanye nanoma yiziphi izithiyo ezingase zibe nazo.

Inketho engcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa igama lenethiwekhi elingathathi hlangothi elingafaki igama lakho, inombolo yefulethi, inombolo yesakhiwo, noma yini ekukhombayo. Lokhu kukuvimbela ekunikezeni ulwazi mayelana nokuthi ungubani noma ukuthi iyiphi imodeli ye-router oyisebenzisayo. Ukushintsha i-SSID ngeke kukwenze ungathinteki, kodwa kusiza ukugwema ukuheha ukunaka nokunikeza ulwazi olwengeziwe kubabukeli abanelukuluku.

Sebenzisa iphasiwedi eqinile ye-WiFi kanye nokubethela kwesimanje.

Iphasiwedi yakho ye-Wi-Fi iyisithiyo esiyinhloko ekuvimbeleni ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kunethiwekhi yakho. Amaphasiwedi aphrintiwe elebula le-router ngokuvamile ayamukeleka, kodwa awahlali eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi kwezinye izimo, alandela amaphethini angatholakala.

Ukuze uthole iphasiwedi eqinile ye-Wi-Fi, hlanganisa izinhlamvu ezinkulu nezincane, izinombolo, kanye nezimpawu ezikhethekile, ugweme amagama esichazamazwi noma ulwazi lomuntu siqu (izinsuku zokuzalwa, amagama ezilwane ezifuywayo, njll.). Uma iphasiwedi iyinde futhi ingahleliwe, kungcono. Kunzima ukuyithayipha kumadivayisi amaningi, kodwa ukuphepha okwengeziwe kuyakufanelekela.

Ngaphezu kwephasiwedi, hlola uhlobo lokubethela olusetshenziswayo . Kufanele ugweme izinhlelo ezindala njenge -WEP noma ngisho ne-WPA endala, okulula ukuziqhekeza kulezi zinsuku. Kuma-router anamuhla, kungcono ukumisa okungenani i-WPA2-PSK , futhi uma i-router yakho namadivayisi esekela, vumela i-WPA3 , okuyizinga eliqinile kakhulu elitholakalayo njengamanje.

Shintsha iphasiwedi yokufinyelela kumzila

Iphasiwedi ehlukile yileyo evikela iphaneli yokulawula ye-router uqobo lwayo . Lokhu kusetshenziswa uma ufinyelela ikheli le-IP le-router kusiphequluli sakho futhi icela igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi ukuphatha idivayisi. Kuvamile kakhulu ukuthi abantu bashiye lezi ziqinisekiso kumanani azo azenzakalelayo, njenge-"admin/admin", "admin/1234", noma okufanayo.

Uma othile azi inethiwekhi yakho kanye nale phasiwedi ezenzakalelayo , angafinyelela iphaneli yokulawula ye-router yakho futhi ashintshe izilungiselelo zakho, avule ama-port , aqondise kabusha ithrafikhi yakho, noma avimbele uxhumano lwakho. Ngakho-ke, uma usukwiphaneli yokulawula, kungcono ukuya esigabeni sokuphatha noma sokuphepha bese ushintsha ngokushesha iphasiwedi yokufinyelela ibe yiphasiwedi ende, okunzima ukuyiqagela.

Khetha isiteshi se-WiFi bese ulungiselela amabhendi

Ezindaweni ezinamanethiwekhi amaningi e-Wi-Fi (izakhiwo zamafulethi, amahhovisi, njll.), kuvamile kakhulu ukuthi ukusebenza kuphazamiseke ngenxa yokuphazamiseka. I-router yakho isakaza kwesinye seziteshi ezitholakalayo kubhendi ye-2,4 GHz noma ye-5 GHz, futhi uma omakhelwane abaningi besebenzisa isiteshi esifanayo, isignali iyagcwala.

Kusukela kuphaneli yokulawula ye-router yakho, ungashintsha isiteshi ngesandla ukuze ukhethe esingenaminyaminya eminingi. Kunezinhlelo zokuhlaziya i-Wi-Fi nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikukhombisa ukuthi yiziphi iziteshi ezigcwele kakhulu futhi zikusize ukhethe esifanelekile. Ama-router amaningi anamuhla angakhetha futhi isiteshi esingcono kakhulu ngokuzenzakalelayo, yize engenembile ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Sebenzisa leli thuba ukuhlola nokuthi ama-band ahlelwe kanjani (2,4 GHz kanye ne-5 GHz, noma ngisho ne-6 GHz kuma-router e-WiFi 6E nangaphezulu). Ibhendi ye-2,4 GHz inobubanzi obude kodwa ihamba kancane futhi ivame ukuminyana kakhulu, kuyilapho ibhendi ye-5 GHz inikeza isivinini esisheshayo emabangeni amafushane. Amanye ama-router akuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise amanethiwekhi (ama-SSID amabili ahlukene) noma uwahlanganise ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa ngokuqondisa kwebhendi okuzenzakalelayo.

Buyekeza i-firmware ye-router

I-Firmware "uhlelo lokusebenza" lwangaphakathi lwe-router . Njengefoni yakho ephathekayo noma ikhompyutha, i-router yakho ithola izibuyekezo ezivamile ezilungisa amaphutha, zilungise ubuthakathaka bokuphepha, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zithuthukise ukusebenza noma zengeze izici ezintsha.

Iphaneli yezilungiselelo ngokuvamile inesigaba esithi "Isibuyekezo" noma "I-Firmware" lapho ungahlola khona inguqulo entsha. Kwezinye izimo, ungabuyekeza ngokuzenzakalelayo kusuka ku-inthanethi; kwezinye, udinga ukulanda ifayela kusuka kuwebhusayithi yomenzi bese ulifaka ngesandla.

Kunconywa ukuhlola lezi zibuyekezo njalo , ngoba ukuba sengozini kwe-firmware kungavumela umhlaseli ukuthi alawule i-router kude. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abakhiqizi abanjengo-TP-Link bandisa njalo izici noma bathuthukisa ukwesekwa kwamamodeli athile (i-Archer, i-Deco, i-TL-WR, njll.), ngakho-ke kungumqondo omuhle ukuvakashela ikhasi lokusekela lomkhiqizo wakho bese uhlola kokubili imininingwane yobuchwepheshe kanye nesigaba se-firmware.

Ezinye izinyathelo zokuphepha eziwusizo

Ngaphezu kwalokhu okungenhla, kunezindlela eziningi ezengeziwe ongazicabangela kuye ngezinga lokulawula olifunayo kunethiwekhi yakho:

• Khubaza ukusakazwa kwe-SSIDLokhu kufihla igama lenethiwekhi ukuze lingabonakali ekusesheni okuvamile kwe-Wi-Fi. Akuyona into engenakwenzeka, kodwa kwengeza ungqimba oluncane lobumfihlo.
• Lungiselela ukuhlunga kwe-MACLesi sici sikuvumela ukuthi udale uhlu lwamakheli e-MAC agunyaziwe okuxhumana. Sidinga ukufaka ngesandla idivayisi ngayinye, kodwa senza ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kube nzima kakhulu.
• Buyekeza futhi ulungise i-firewall ye-router.Ama-router amaningi afaka i-firewall eyisisekelo; kungumqondo omuhle ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ivuliwe nokuthi kuvunyelwe ukuxhumana okudingekayo ngempela kuphela.
• Khubaza amasevisi ongawasebenzisiI-UPnP, ukufinyelela kwe-router ekude, amaseva e-FTP, noma okufanayo kufanele kukhutshazwe uma ungazidingi, njengoba zimele izindawo zokungena ezengeziwe ezingaba khona.

Zonke lezi zenzo zincike ephuzwini elifanayo : ukukwazi ukufinyelela iphaneli yokucushwa, okudinga ukwazi kahle ikheli le-IP lendawo le-router, isango elidumile ofunde ukulithola ku-Windows, macOS, GNU/Linux, Android kanye ne-iOS, noma ngqo kwilebula yedivayisi uqobo.

Uma usuyazi kahle indlela yokuthola ikheli le-IP le-router yakho futhi ulihlukanise nekheli lakho le-IP lomphakathi , okunye kumane nje kuyindaba yokuzulazula kuphaneli yezilungiselelo, ukushintsha amaphasiwedi azenzakalelayo, ukulungisa i-Wi-Fi endaweni yakho, nokugcina i-firmware isesikhathini. Ngezinguquko ezimbalwa ezenziwe kahle, inethiwekhi yakho izoshesha, izinze kakhudlwana, futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ivikeleke kakhulu kunezilungiselelo zasefektri i-router yakho eza nazo.