Ungazivikela kanjani ekukhwabaniseni ngoLwesihlanu Olumnyama: umhlahlandlela osebenzayo nophelele

Informatec Digital » Izinsiza » Ungazivikela kanjani ekukhwabaniseni ngoLwesihlanu Olumnyama: umhlahlandlela osebenzayo nophelele

I-Black Friday isibe yisizathu esifanele sokuthenga izipho kusenesikhathi nokufuna izaphulelo, ngezaphulelo ezihlala izinsuku eziningana noma ngisho ne- Black Week yonke . Ukuthenga okuku-inthanethi kwenza izigidi zabantu zigcwalise izinqola zabo zokuthenga zedijithali, okuthuthukisa ukuthengisa namathuba abakhwabanisi. Lapho umsebenzi omningi kanye nokushesha kuqhubeka, kuba lula ngathi ukulahla ukuqapha kwethu.

Phakathi nalesi sikhathi sonyaka, izigebengu ze-inthanethi zithuthukisa amasu azo: kusukela kuma-imeyili obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kanye namawebhusayithi aqoshwe ngekhompyutha kuya ezikhangisweni ezinonya, ukukhwabanisa ngamaphakheji, kanye nokukhwabanisa ngokukhokha. Isihluthulelo sokugwema ukuba yisisulu ukuqaphela amaqhinga abo avamile, ukusebenzisa imikhuba emihle kakhulu, futhi, uma kukhona okubonakala kusolisa, ukuma isikhashana, ukuqinisekisa, nokwenza ngendlela enengqondo.

Phakathi nalesi sikhathi sonyaka, izigebengu ze-inthanethi zithuthukisa amasu azo: kusukela kuma-imeyili obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kanye namawebhusayithi aqoshwe ngekhompyutha kuya ezikhangisweni ezinonya, ukukhwabanisa ngamaphakheji, kanye nokukhwabanisa ngokukhokha. Isihluthulelo sokugwema ukuba yisisulu ukuqaphela amaqhinga abo avamile, ukusebenzisa imikhuba emihle kakhulu, futhi, uma kukhona okubonakala kusolisa, ukuma isikhashana, ukuqinisekisa, nokwenza ngendlela enengqondo.

Kungani ukukhwabanisa kwanda lapho kufika izaphulelo?

Imikhankaso ye-Black Friday kanye ne-Cyber ​​​​Monday ibona inani eliphakeme kakhulu lokuthengwa kwe-inthanethi konyaka, futhi izibalo zibonisa lokhu ngokusobala: ezimakethe ezahlukahlukene, kulinganiselwa ukuthi izindleko ezinkulu zidlula kalula izigidigidi, kanti iphesenti eliphezulu kakhulu lokuthengwa kwenziwa ngokuphelele ku-inthanethi. Inhlanganisela yokushesha, okunikezwayo okunolaka, kanye nabathengi abaxhumene kakhulu kudala indawo ekahle yokuzalela ukukhwabanisa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubunjiniyela bezenhlalo buyathuthuka: izigebengu zisebenzisa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa ukuze zenze ama-imeyili angenaphutha, zikopishe amawebhusayithi, futhi zikhiqize izikhangiso ezibonakala zisemthethweni. Izinhlangano ezifana ne-NCSC yase-UK, i-RCMP, i-FBI, kanye ne-CISA zixwayise ngokwanda kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, i-ransomware, kanye nokuhlaselwa kwamabhizinisi ngezikhathi zamaholide, lapho izinkampani eziningi zinabasebenzi abambalwa kanye nokuthengiselana okuningi.

Okwamanje, izinhlangano zabathengi zixwayisa ngenye ingozi: akuyona yonke into ekhazimulayo eyigolide. Uphenyo luthole imikhiqizo ekhangiswe njengenesaphulelo kanti empeleni inentengo efanayo neyangosuku olwandulele, noma iphakeme kakhulu kunezinyanga ezedlule. Ukuhlola intengo yokuqala, isaphulelo sephesenti, nokugcina irisidi kusiza ukugwema ukukhohliswa kwezentengiselwano.

Okokugcina, akumangazi ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwemali okumaphakathi kuyanda nokuthi iningi lalokho kusetshenziswa kwemali ligxile kwezobuchwepheshe, imfashini, kanye nemfundo. Le ndlela yokusebenzisa inezinhloso ezicacile: omakhalekhukhwini, ama-laptop, ama-console, izinto ezigqokwayo, kanye nezesekeli kuba yizinhloso eziyinhloko, yingakho kunenqwaba yezipesheli kanye "nezintengo eziphansi kakhulu" kulezo zigaba.

Imikhonyovu evamile nokuhlasela kwe-inthanethi (nokuthi ungakubona kanjani ngokushesha)

1) Ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, ukushaya kanye nokukhwabanisa

Ama-imeyili, imiyalezo yombhalo, noma izingcingo ezizenza izitolo, amabhange, noma izinkampani zokuthumela ukuze zikukhohlise ukuthi uchofoze izixhumanisi noma unikeze ulwazi lwakho. I-Black Friday ibona ukwanda kokuqinisekiswa kwama-oda, izinkinga zokukhokha, kanye nemiklomelo mbumbulu. Umgomo uhlala ufana: ukweba iziqinisekiso zokungena noma ulwazi lwasebhange.

• Izimpawu ezicacile: abathumeli abanezizinda ezingavamile, amaphutha esipelingi, izixhumanisi ezifushanisiwe, imilayezo ephuthumayo njengokuthi "namuhla kuphela" noma "iphakheji lakho liphethwe". Qaphela uma ithoni ikukhuthaza ukuthi wenze ngokushesha..
• Okufanele ukwenze: Ungachofozi izixhumanisi; finyelela iwebhusayithi esemthethweni noma uhlelo lokusebenza ngokwakho. Hlola ukuthunyelwa kokulandelela kuphela ngaphakathi kwezicelo ezisemthethweni. Uma unokungabaza, shayela isevisi yamakhasimende..

2) Ama-oda mbumbulu, ukuthunyelwa nezinombolo zokulandelela

Uthola isaziso "senkinga" mayelana nokuthenga noma ukulethwa kwakho, noma ngabe awukathengi lutho. Isixhumanisi siholela kuwebhusayithi enonya noma ukulanda i-malware. Icebo liyasebenza ngoba cishe wonke umuntu ulindele iphakheji ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka.

• Izimpawu ezicacile: Ama-URL anokwehluka okuncane, imilayezo ejwayelekile kakhulu noma egcwele iphutha, acela inkokhelo eyengeziwe ukuze kukhululwe ukuthunyelwa. Inkampani esemthethweni ayikuceli ulwazi olubucayi nge-SMS..
• Okufanele ukwenze: Hlola isimo se-oda ku-akhawunti yakho yomthengisi noma kuhlelo lokusebenza olusemthethweni lwephasela, ungalokothi usuke kusixhumanisi esitholwe ngomlayezo. Uma iza nge-SMS, isuse futhi uyibike.

3) Amakhadi esipho, imiklomelo, nezinhlolovo “ezinhle kakhulu”

Bakuthembisa izitifiketi zesipho, amakha, noma ezinye izipho uma uchofoza isixhumanisi bese uqedela inhlolovo. Umgomo wangempela ukweba imininingwane yakho noma ukukukhokhisa imali eyengeziwe. Uma ungazange uhlanganyele kunoma yikuphi ukunikezwa, leso kakade yisizathu sokusola.

Kukhona ngisho nemikhankaso ezenza sengathi i-perfume noma imikhiqizo yokuthengisa idumile ngezipho zokugubha iminyaka noma izaphulelo ezingakholeki. Isixhumanisi sendawo esiyiya kuyo asifani neze nesizinda esisemthethweni , futhi bacela ulwazi isitolo esisemthethweni esingeke silucele njengesipho.

4) I-Bizum nezinye izinkokhelo ezisheshayo zisetshenziswe kabi

Abathengisi abathengisa ngentengo ephansi abamukela i-Bizum kuphela noma abakucindezela ukuthi uthumele imali kusenesikhathi. Azikho izindlela zokukhokha eziphephile noma ezinye izindlela. Ezimweni eziningi kakhulu, umkhiqizo awufiki futhi iphrofayili iyanyamalala.

• Izimpawu ezicacile: izaba zokugwema ukukhokha ikhadi, izimali ezengeziwe uma usebenzisa izindlela ezinokuvikelwa komthengi, ingcindezi yokuvala "manje". Umthengisi onedumela elihle unikeza izinketho ezimbalwa zokukhokha..
• Okufanele ukwenze: Ukuthenga ku-inthanethi, beka phambili amakhadi esikweletu, amasevisi anokuvikelwa komthengi, noma amakhadi abonakalayo. Ungalokothi unike abantu ongabazi imali ngaphandle kweziqinisekiso..

5) Izitolo ezingamanga namawebhusayithi ahlanganisiwe

Izigebengu zakha amasayithi afanayo e-commerce, anama-logo nemiklamo efana neyokuqala, kodwa anezizinda ezifanayo ngendlela esolisayo. Isilingo yizaphulelo ezinkulu zika-70–90% emikhiqizweni esezingeni eliphezulu. Uyakhokha, akukho lutho olufikayo, futhi ikhadi lakho lesikweletu liyathinteka.

• Indlela yokubamba: hlola i-URL futhi uqiniseke ukuthi isebenzisa i-https, hlola ulwazi lwezomthetho (ikheli, i-VAT/ID yentela, othintana naye wangempela), bheka ukubuyekezwa kwangaphandle futhi usebenzise i-WHOIS ukuze ubone ubudala besizinda. Isizinda esidalwe emasontweni edlule siwuphawu olubi..
• Ithiphu elengeziwe: hlola ukuthi ibhizinisi liyawabonisa yini ama-trust seals kanye nesango lokukhokha elaziwayo. Ilokhi yesiphequluli ibonisa ukubethela, kodwa ayiqinisekisi ukuthi isayithi lisemthethweni..

6) I-Typosquatting (umlingiswa oyedwa obekwe endaweni engafanele futhi… sala kahle)

Uthayipha ikheli lesitolo sakho esivamile "ngeso" bese wenza iphutha elincane lokuthayipha. Kunezigebengu ezibhalisa ama-domain ngala maphutha okuthayipha ukuze zebe iziqinisekiso noma izinkokhelo. Incwadi eyodwa eshintshiwe ingaholela ekukopishweni okuqondile.

Isixazululo esilula: gcina izixhumanisi eziya kumasayithi akho avamile e-commerce kanye namabhange kuzintandokazi zakho bese uzifinyelela njalo lapho. Ukugwema ukuthayipha i-URL ngesandla kunciphisa ingozi yokwenza iphutha.

7) Ukukhangisa okunonya (ukukhohlisa) kanye nokweqa ezinkokhelweni

Ukukhwabanisa kufaka izikhangiso ezithelelekile ngisho nakumawebhusayithi asemthethweni; ukuchofoza okukodwa kungaholela ekulandeni i-malware. Ukukhwabanisa kufaka ikhodi enonya emakhasini okukhokha asemthethweni ukuze kuthathwe idatha yekhadi lesikweletu. Kokubili kuyimfihlo futhi kunzima ukukubona ekuqaleni.

• Ungazivikela kanjani: Sebenzisa isivimbeli sesikhangiso esithembekile futhi uhlole ukuthi ikhasi lokukhokha livikelekile yini (ama-https kanye nengidi). Yenza kusebenze izexwayiso zokwenziwayo ukuze uthole amashaji angajwayelekile ngokushesha.

8) Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziwumgunyathi nama-chatbots mbumbulu

Njengoba kusanda amadivayisi eselula, kuye kwavela izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuthenga ezilingisa izitolo ezidumile, ezicela izimvume ezingadingekile, noma ezifaka ama-chatbot mbumbulu "akusiza" ukukhipha idatha yakho. Uma engaveli esitolo sezinhlelo zokusebenza esisemthethweni (i-Play Store/i-Apple Store), ungakucabangi ngisho nokuyicabanga.

9) Iminikelo kanye nama-NGO mbumbulu ngesikhathi esiphezulu

Imikhankaso yokuqongelela imali mbumbulu iyanda nge-imeyili kanye nezinkundla zokuxhumana. Bacela iminikelo ephuthumayo ngokudluliselwa kwemali ebhange noma nge-cryptocurrency ngaphandle kokunikeza imininingwane eminingi. Hlola njalo amarejista asemthethweni namawebhusayithi aqinisekisiwe ngaphambi kokunikela.

10) Ukuhlaselwa kwezinkampani: ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi ngomkhonto, i-DDoS kanye ne-ransomware

Izigebengu azigcini nje ngokuhlasela abathengi; ziphinde zihlasele amabhizinisi. Ukuhlasela kwazo kuqala ngokuhlasela ngobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kubasebenzi abanokufinyelela okubucayi ekuhlaselweni kwe-DDoS okubulala izitolo eziku-inthanethi noma i-ransomware ephazamisa ukusebenza phakathi nesizini.

Ebhizinisini, ihora ngalinye lokungasebenzi noma ukuphazamiseka kwesevisi kungasho ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kanye nomonakalo wedumela, lapho ithrafikhi isiphezulu kakhulu. Ukulungiselela kusengaphambili kubalulekile ekubhekaneni nesiphepho.

Izimpawu zokuvula "izindatshana" nemikhonyovu yamanani

Ngaphandle kokukhwabanisa kobuchwepheshe, kunezindlela zebhizinisi ezingabazisayo. Izinhlangano eziningana zabathengi zithole ukuthi eminye imikhiqizo "enesaphulelo" empeleni ayishibhile kunosuku lwangaphambilini noma yayishibhile ngisho nasemasontweni adlule. Hlola umlando wentengo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi intengo yokuqala noma iphesenti lesaphulelo liyaboniswa.

Ngaphambi kokukhokha, buyekeza inqubomgomo yokubuyisela, imigomo, kanye newaranti. Uma iwebhusayithi iyintsha kuwe, hlola ngokucophelela ulwazi lwayo olusemthethweni kanye nombhalo omncane mayelana nanoma yiziphi izinguquko. Ukugcina irisidi noma i-invoyisi yakho kuzokuvumela ukuthi ufake isimangalo uma kukhona okungahambi kahle.

Futhi qaphela umphumela "wokungasalanga lutho": iwashi, umuzwa wokuphuthuma, kanye nesitoreji esiphansi kuyizinto ezivamile ezingokwengqondo. Uma isaphulelo sibonakala singakholeki, cishe sinjalo.

Imikhuba engcono kakhulu yokuthenga okuphephile

Ezinye izindlela zokunciphisa ingozi kakhulu ngaphandle kokwenza impilo yakho ibe nzima. Zifake ohlwini lwakho lokuhlola bese uziphinda njalo ngomkhankaso. Ukungaguquguquki kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha ukukhwabanisa.

• Thenga kumawebhusayithi asemthethweni nezinhlelo zokusebenza osuzazi kakade noma ongaziqinisekisa (izibuyekezo, ubukhona bangempela, othintana naye). Uma ungaqiniseki, faka mathupha i-URL oyilondolozile..
• Qinisekisa abathumeli be-imeyili futhi uqaphele izixhumanisi kuma-imeyili, imilayezo ye-SMS, noma ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Nganoma ikuphi okunikezwayo, hamba ngqo kuwebhusayithi futhi uzifunele ngokwakho. Ungalandi okunamathiselwe okungalindelekile.
• Qinisekisa ukuthi uxhumo luyi-https nokuthi i-URL ifana nesizinda esisemthethweni. Khumbula: I-padlock iyodwa ayilingani "nendawo esemthethweni".
• Phenya ubudala besizinda usebenzisa i-WHOIS, futhi ubuyekeze Imigomo Nemibandela ukuze ubone ukuthi inkampani isebenza kuphi kanye negama layo elisemthethweni. Imikhonyovu igxile kumawebhusayithi amasha nangabonakali.
• Gwema ukukhokhela i-Wi-Fi yomphakathi. Uma ungenayo enye inketho, sebenzisa i-VPN ethembekile. Okungcono nakakhulu, sebenzisa kunethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya evikelekile..
• Beka kuqala amakhadi esikweletu, izixazululo zokuvikela abathengi, namakhadi abonakalayo anemikhawulo. Izikhwama zedijithali zengeza ungqimba lokuphepha.
• Gcina isistimu yakho, isiphequluli, nezinhlelo zokusebenza kusesikhathini samanje; sebenzisa isofthiwe ye-antivirus ebuyekeziwe. Amapeshi alungisa ubungozi obusebenzayo.
• Dala amaphasiwedi ahlukile namade ngomphathi wephasiwedi; futhi, uma kudingeka, ufunde ukwenza kanjani yabelana ngamaphasiwedi ngokuphephile; vumela ukuqinisekiswa kwezinyathelo ezimbili noma nini lapho kunokwenzeka. Nge-2FA, ukweba ukhiye akwanele..
• Vula izexwayiso zokwenziwe ebhange lakho futhi uhlole izitatimende zakho phakathi nomkhankaso. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kuvumela umonakalo ukuthi ugwemeke..
• Londoloza ama-imeyili okuqinisekisa, ama-invoyisi, nezinombolo ze-oda. Ukulandeleka kusheshisa noma yisiphi isimangalo.

Okufanele ukwenze uma usola ukukhwabanisa noma usuvele uyisisulu sakho

Okubalulekile: Hlala uzolile futhi uthathe isinyathelo esiwujuqu. Isikhathi siseceleni kwakho uma uthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha nangendlela efanele. Ungazibeki icala: kungenzeka kunoma ubani.

1. Vimba noma khansela ikhadi noma indlela yokukhokha ngokushesha futhi uxhumane nebhange lakho ukuze uvimbele izindleko ezizayo. Cela ukuvinjwa kokwenziwayo okusolisayo.
2. Uma kusebenza, zama ukumisa izinkokhelo ezilindile noma uziphikisane nebhange/inkundla yokukhokha. Ngokushesha lapho uvula ikesi, kuba ngcono..
3. Shintsha amaphasiwedi e-imeyili namasevisi ahlobene; beka phambili ama-akhawunti aqukethe imininingwane yasebhange. Yenza kusebenze i-2FA uma ungenayo..
4. Skena amadivayisi akho nge-antivirus yakamuva ukuze ukhiphe uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha. Uma ubona ukutheleleka, landela imiyalelo yokuhlanza..
5. Londoloza ubufakazi (izithombe-skrini, ama-imeyili, ama-URL) futhi ufake isikhalazo kwabasemagunyeni. Ukubika kusiza ukumisa umkhankaso kwabanye.

Izincomo ezibalulekile zamabhizinisi e-e-commerce

Amabhizinisi abaluleke kakhulu kulesi sikhathi sonyaka. Ukutshala imali njalo ekuphepheni kwe-inthanethi kunenzuzo futhi kuvimbela izinkinga ngesikhathi sokuthengisa okuphezulu. Ukulungisa iwebhusayithi ezinsukwini ezimbili ngaphambi kwalokho akwanele.

• Ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kokuphepha kwamawebhusayithi, izinkundla ze-e-commerce, ama-API, nezinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula: ukuhlonza nokubeka phambili ubungozi obubalulekile obufana Umjovo we-SQL. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, lezo ezithinta inqubo yokuthenga.
• Ukuphathwa kokuba sengozini okuqhubekayo nokuqapha amaphutha avelayo (okuhlanganisa izinsuku ezingu-0). Gada futhi unciphise usebenzisa imibandela yokugxeka nokuchayeka..
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Denial of service (DoS/DDoS) endaweni elawulwayo ukuze kunqunywe ukusabela kanye nobukhulu. Kungcono ukuthola imikhawulo ekuhloleni kunomkhankaso..
• Ukulingisa kobunjiniyela bezenhlalakahle nezinhlelo eziqhubekayo zokuqeqesha abasebenzi. I-imeyili yebhizinisi iyivekhtha ebalulekile.
• Imikhankaso yokuqwashisa amakhasimende ibakhumbuza ngeziteshi ezisemthethweni, izinhlobo zemilayezo esemthethweni, kanye nendlela yokuqinisekisa lokho. Amakhasimende anolwazi asho ukwebiwa kobunikazi okumbalwa..
• Izinsizakalo ze-Cyber ​​​​intelligence zokuvikela umkhiqizo: ukutholwa kwamawebhusayithi ahlanganisiwe, ukungena okungelona iqiniso nokuqukethwe okuwumgunyathi. Lapho besheshe balale, ziba mbalwa izisulu.

Amacala namaphethini aziphinda yonke imikhankaso

Sivame ukubona ukukhwabanisa okufana nokunikezwa kwamabhodlela kawoyela "aphezulu" ngamanani aphansi kakhulu, izipho zeminyaka yokugujwa kwezitolo ezinkulu, noma izinhlolovo zamakha ngamakha asezingeni eliphezulu mahhala. Isici esivamile isixhumanisi esivela kuwebhusayithi ngaphandle kwesizinda esisemthethweni kanye nesicelo sedatha yomuntu siqu.

Amakhodi e-QR avame ukunamatheliswa kumaphosta emgwaqweni noma ezindaweni zokupaka, ekhomba amawebhusayithi okukhokha mbumbulu noma ukulanda okunonya. Ungaskena amakhodi e-QR emithonjeni engabazekayo , futhi uma unentshisekelo kuphromoshini, zitholele iwebhusayithi esemthethweni wena.

Ezweni lobuchwepheshe, izinto ezifunwa kakhulu ngokuvamile ama-smartphone, amaphilisi, amakhamera esenzo noma angu-360°, kanye nezesekeli ezihambisanayo. Lapha, kulula ukuthola amadili amahle kakhulu. Thenga izesekeli eziqinisekisiwe futhi ugweme amashaja asezingeni eliphansi angalimaza idivayisi yakho.

Ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe "okungeziwe" okungezayo

Kubathengi: cabanga ngeziqinisekiso ezinwetshiwe kuma-elekthronikhi, hlola umshwalense wendlu ukuthi awuntshontshwanga yini, futhi cabanga ngomshwalense wokuhamba uma uhlela ukubhukha uhambo. Ezinye izinqubomgomo zifaka phakathi ukwesekwa kwe-IT noma umshwalense wezigameko ngenkathi usohambweni.

Kumabhizinisi asebenza ngobuchwepheshe: inqubomgomo enobungozi obuningi eklanywe kahle kanye nokumbozwa kwesibopho okwenzelwe ukusheshisa ithrafikhi esezingeni eliphezulu kunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwempahla. Ezitolo eziku-inthanethi, umshwalense we-inthanethi usiza ukumboza impendulo yezehlakalo , ukuhlolwa kwe-forensic, ukululama, kanye nokulahlekelwa ngenxa yesikhathi sokungasebenzi.

Njengesikhumbuzo esijwayelekile, izivumelwano ezinhle kakhulu azivamile ukuba ngokoqobo , futhi amabhizinisi asemthethweni ngeke akuphoqe ukuthi ukhokhe usebenzisa izindlela ezingavamile noma ucele ulwazi olubucayi ngeziteshi ezingaphephile.

Isizini yokuthengisa ingaba yinhle kakhulu uma uhlakaniphile ngayo: qhathanisa imiyalezo, qaphela izimangalo eziphuthumayo ezingachazwanga kahle, thenga kumasayithi athembekile, futhi uthembele ezinkokhelweni eziphephile kanye nezinyathelo eziyisisekelo zokuhlanzeka kwedijithali. Uma ungaqiniseki, akukho ukushesha: hlola kuqala bese uthenga kamuva . Ngale mikhuba, ungasebenzisa izinzuzo zezipesheli ngenkathi ugwema izinto ezimangazayo ezingathandeki futhi ugweme abakhwabanisi—labo, unyaka nonyaka, abazama ukungena ngenkani enqoleni yakho yokuthenga.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Ungabuthola kanjani ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi obukhiqizwe yi-AI: izimpawu, ubungozi, nokuzivikela