Izinhlobo zamashadi okufanele uzigweme ku-Excel nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani enye indlela engcono kakhulu

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Uma usebenza ngamaspredishithi nsuku zonke, uyazi ukuthi ishadi elikhethwe kahle lingaguqula ithebula elingapheli libe indaba ecacile neqondakala kalula. Kodwa futhi kuyiqiniso ukuthi ishadi eliklanywe kabi ku-Excel Kungadida okungaphezu kokusiza: amaphutha ekukhetheni idatha, izinhlobo zokubona ezingafanele, imiphumela ye-3D engadingekile, noma ama-axes adidayo ahlanekezela umlayezo.

Kulesi sihloko sizobona, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo, Yimaphi amashadi okufanele agwenywe noma asetshenziswe ngokuqapha okukhulu ku-Excel?Indlela yokukhetha ezinye izindlela ezicacile nokuthi yiziphi izindlela ezinhle kakhulu ezizokusiza ukuthi wenze imibiko yakho ifundeke kalula, ibe yobuchwepheshe, futhi ibe usizo ekwenzeni izinqumo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wenza ukuhlaziya okulula noma amadeshibhodi ezezimali athuthukile.

Amaphutha ajwayelekile lapho udala amashadi ku-Excel nokuthi ungawagwema kanjani

Ngaphambi kokungena ezinhlotsheni ezithile zamashadi, kufanelekile ukubuyekeza ezinye zazo Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu lapho uzama ukuqopha idatha ku-Excelokungakunika imiyalezo yamaphutha, imiphumela engaguquki, noma amagrafu okungenakwenzeka ukuwaqonda.

Elinye lamaphutha ajwayelekile kakhulu lenzeka uma usebenza ne- Amafayela e-CSV noma amanye amafomethi ombhaloNakuba kungase kubonakale kulungile emehlweni, Akuwona wonke amanani ahunyushwa njengezinombolo yi-Excel.Ngezinye izikhathi amaseli anokufometha umbhalo, izikhala ezifihliwe, noma abahlukanisi bedesimali abahlukene bayasala, futhi lapho uzama ukudala ishadi, kuvela isixwayiso sokuthi ifomula noma ububanzi obukhethiwe abuvumelekile.

Uma une-matrix enamakholomu amabili namakhulu emigqa, kodwa i-Excel ingakuvumeli ukuthi uyidwebe, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi Engxenyeni yobubanzi kukhona idatha ehlanganisa umbhalo nezinombolo noma amaseli angenalutho angaphathwanga kahleKulezi zimo, kuyalulekwa ukuhlola ukufometha kweseli langempela, sebenzisa amathuluzi anjenge-"Text to Columns" noma Buyekeza umhlahlandlela wedathabheyisi ku-Excel ukuze konke kuthayishwe kahle njengezinombolo.

Enye inkinga evamile ivela lapho kukhethwa idatha yama-axes ka-X no-Y ku-scatter plot. Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho uzama ukucacisa uchungechunge ngesandla ebhokisini lengxoxo, I-Excel ibuyisela umlayezo wokuthi ifomula efakiwe ayilungileLokhu kungenzeka ngisho noma umane uhudula igundane kulo lonke ububanzi. Ngokuvamile kungenxa yobubanzi obungaguquki (amakholomu anobude obuhlukene), izinkomba ezixubile phakathi kwamashidi, noma abahlukanisi bempikiswano abangahambisani nezilungiselelo zesistimu (i-semicolon vs. i-comma).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma usebenza nefayela eligcinwe njenge-.csv noma eliguqulelwe ku-.txt, Umehluko phakathi kwezinguqulo ze-Excel (i-Windows vs. Mac, isibonelo) ungathintaKuvamile ukuthi ishadi libonakale kahle epulatifomu eyodwa kodwa libonise amaphutha noma lihumushe amakholomu ngendlela ehlukile kwelinye, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezinkinga ngesihlukanisi sedesimali kanye nemingcele yensimu. Kulezi zimo, kuvame ukusiza ukulondoloza ifayela ngqo njengencwadi yokusebenzela ye-Excel (.xlsx), hlola izilungiselelo zesifunda, bese wakhe kabusha ishadi kusukela ekuqaleni ngedatha evamile.

Khetha uhlobo olufanele lweshadi ngokuya ngomgomo wakho

Ngale kwezinkinga zobuchwepheshe, esinye sezihluthulelo zokungaphuli ukuhlaziya kwakho ukuthi Ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lweshadi ngenhloso yombiko wakho. I-Excel inikeza izinhlobo ezahlukene zamashadi: imigoqo, amakholomu, imigqa, izindawo, amashadi ephayi, amashadi okusabalala, amabhamuza, amashadi eradar, amashadi e-funnel, amashadi e-waterfall, njll. Kodwa akuzona zonke ezisebenza kahle ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izimo zokusetshenziswa.

Into yokuqala okufanele uzibuze yona ukuthi Yini ofuna ukuyichaza ngedatha yakho?Ingabe kuwumkhuba wesikhashana? Ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwezigaba? Inani eliphelele lihlukaniswa kanjani libe yizingxenye? Ukusatshalaliswa? Ukuvela kwesibonakaliso ngokumelene nesithako? Uma unalo mqondo ocacile, kulula kakhulu ukulahla lawo mashadi anezela umsindo obonakalayo noma aphambanisa incazelo.

Isibonelo, uma udinga ukukhombisa ukuvela kwenyanga nenyanga, Igrafu yomugqa ivame ukucaca kakhulu kuneshadi lephayi.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ikuvumela ukuthi ulandelele ukulandelana kwesikhathi futhi uthole iziqongo, izigodi, noma amaphuzu okushintshashintsha. Kodwa-ke, uma umgomo wakho uwukuqhathanisa umnikelo wezigaba eziningana nesamba, ishadi lebha noma ishadi lendawo ehlanganisiwe lingase lifaneleke kangcono, uma nje lisetshenziswa ngokucophelela.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela inani lezigaba noma uchungechunge ozoyimelela. Uhlobo olufanayo lweshadi lungafundeka kalula ngezigaba ezinhlanu futhi lube nzima ngokuphelele uma lunamashumi amabili. Ngaleso sikhathi, ngezinye izikhathi kungcono ukushintsha uhlobo lweshadi, uhlanganise izigaba ezincane zibe "ezinye," noma uhlukanise ulwazi lube yizithombe ezimbalwa ezilula.

Nini ukusebenzisa amashadi ebha nokuthi nini angaba yinkinga

Amashadi ebha (nekholomu) cishe umthombo osetshenziswa kakhulu ukuqhathanisa amanani phakathi kwamaqembuZisebenza kahle kakhulu uma ufuna ukubona, ngokubuka nje, ukuthi yisiphi isigaba esinenani elingaphezulu noma elingaphansi, noma ukuthi iziguquguquko ezimbalwa zisatshalaliswa kanjani uma ziqhathaniswa nezinye.

Inzuzo yayo enkulu ukuthi Ukuqhathanisa ubude ngokubonakalayo kuyaqondakala kakhuluIso lomuntu libona kalula ukuthi iyiphi ibha ende (noma ende), uma nje ibekwe kahle futhi i-odelwe kahle. Yingakho iwusizo kakhulu emibikweni yokuthengisa ngomkhiqizo, imiphumela ngomnyango, ukuqhathanisa isabelomali phakathi kwezindawo, njalo njalo.

Kodwa-ke, la magrafu aba yikhanda elibuhlungu uma Inani lezigaba liphezulu kakhulu, noma uchungechunge oluningi kakhulu luhlanganiswa ngesikhathi esisodwa.Ishadi lekholomu eliqoqwe ngeqoqo elinemikhiqizo eyishumi kanye neminyaka emine yokuqhathanisa lingaba yingxubevange yemibala engafundeki, lapho umyalezo oyinhloko ulahleka khona ngokuphelele.

Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kubalulekile ukunciphisa inani lemigoqo ebonakalayo ekubukeni okukodwa. gcina isikhala esifanayo phakathi kwamakholomu bese usebenzisa iphalethi yemibala elula nehambisanayo. Uma uhlu lwezigaba lude kakhulu, kungcono ukuzihlanganisa, uzihlunge ngezifanele kakhulu, noma usebenzisa ithebula le-pivot ku-Excel ukufingqa ulwazi ngaphambi kokwethula.

Elinye iphutha okufanele uligweme yileli ukusetshenziswa kwemiphumela ye-3D kumashadi ebhaNakuba zingase zibonakale zikhanga amehlo, ziphazamisa umbono wokuphakama futhi zenze kube nzima kakhulu ukuqhathanisa amanani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zengeza umsindo obonakalayo ongadingeki onganikeli lutho ekuhlaziyweni.

Amashadi omugqa: afanelekela izitayela, ayingozi uma kunochungechunge oluningi kakhulu

Uma ufuna ukulandelela ukuvela kwesibonakaliso esisodwa noma ngaphezulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, Igrafu yomugqa iyindlela yakudala futhi cishe njalo inconywa kakhulu.Ikuvumela ukuthi ulandelele umkhondo wochungechunge ngalunye lwedatha ngokuqhubekayo futhi uthole ngokushesha izikhathi ezibalulekile: iziqongo zesidingo, ukwehla okukhulu, ukuhambisana nesizini, njll.

Amandla ayo ayinhloko ubulula: i-X-axis enesikhathi (izinsuku, izinyanga, iminyaka) kanye ne-Y-axis enenani lesikhombisiLokhu kwanele ukuthi umfundi aqonde, cishe kalula, ukuthi i-variable iziphatha kanjani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungahlanganisa imigqa emibili noma emithathu ukuze uqhathanise, isibonelo, ukuthengisa kwangempela uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlosiwe, noma izingxenye ezahlukene zamakhasimende.

Inkinga iphakama uma uzama ukufaka uchungechunge oluningi kakhulu eshadini elifanayo. Uma ufaka imigqa eyisishiyagalombili noma eyishumi, Imibala iqala ukuphinda, izinganekwane azifundeki. Futhi ishadi ligcina libukeka njengolwembu lapho kungenakwenzeka ukulandela umkhuba ngamunye. Kulezo zimo, kungcono ukuhlukanisa ukuhlaziywa kube amashadi amaningana noma ukugqamisa kuphela uchungechunge olufanele ngempela.

Kunconywa futhi ukulawula ukusetshenziswa kwama-axes esibili. I-Excel iyakuvumela lokhu. Engeza i-Y-axis yesibili ukuze imele izinkomba ezikalini ezahlukeneKodwa-ke, ukuzisebenzisa ngokweqile kungadida umfundi futhi kunikeze umbono ongelona iqiniso wokuthi uchungechunge oluhluke ngokuphelele luhlobene ngoba nje lunendawo efanayo yokubona.

Icebo elihle lokugwema ukulayisha ngokweqile igrafu liwukuyifaka nemigqa ye- amalebula edatha athile eziqongweni noma ezigodini ezifanele kakhuluEsikhundleni sokubhala wonke amaphuzu, lokhu kuqinisa incazelo ngaphandle kokuhlanganisa ukubonakala ngezinombolo yonke indawo.

Amashadi endawo: awusizo ngobukhulu obuqongelelekayo, ayingozi ngenxa yokweqana

Amagrafu endawo afana namagrafu emigqa, kodwa umehluko ukuthi isikhala esingaphansi komugqa sigcwele umbalaLokhu kuzenza zibe mnandi kakhulu uma ufuna ukugqamisa amavolumu aqongelelekayo noma umnikelo ohlobene wezingxenye ezahlukene ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Isibonelo, zingasebenza kahle kakhulu imelela indlela imigqa yemikhiqizo ehlukene enikela ngayo ekuthengisweni kwenyanga yonkenoma ukuthi isikhathi sisatshalaliswa kanjani phakathi kwemisebenzi ehlukene phakathi nesikhathi esithile. Umphumela "wokugcwalisa" uveza umuzwa womthamo nesisindo ongaba usizo kakhulu ezindabeni ezithile.

Kodwa-ke, ubuthakathaka bayo obukhulu ukuthi, uma kunezindawo eziningana ezihambisanayo, Uchungechunge oluhlala ngemuva luba nzima ukuluchaza.Ngisho noma kudlalwa ngokusobala, kulula ukuthi ezinye izendlalelo zicishe zifihleke, noma umfundi angakwazi ukuhlukanisa ngokucacile ukuthi indawo ngayinye iqala kuphi futhi iphela kuphi.

Ngakho-ke, uma unquma ukusebenzisa amashadi endawo, kuyalulekwa nciphisa inani lochungechunge bese ukhetha imibala enezingqikithi ezicatshangelwe kahleUma okubaluleke kakhulu kuwukuqhathanisa ngokunembile amanani ngamanye, kungcono ukukhetha ishadi lomugqa elivamile noma ishadi elihlanganisiwe elinezilinganiso ezimbalwa.

Ngamafuphi, amashadi endawo ayithuluzi elinamandla lokuxoxa izindaba mayelana nobukhulu obuqongelelekayo, kodwa Akuyona inketho engcono kakhulu uma kudingeka ukufundwa okunembile kwenani ngalinye. noma lapho iziguquguquko eziningi ziphathwa ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Amashadi ephayi nama-donut: ukuthi kufanele uwagweme nini (cishe njalo)

Amashadi ephayi namashadi e-donut aphakathi kwaziwa kakhulu emphakathini jikelele, kodwa futhi, kuze kube manje, Lezi ezinye zezinto ezigwenywa kangcono ku-Excel ngaphandle kwezimo ezithile kakhulu.Umgomo wabo ukukhombisa ukuthi ingqikithi ihlukaniswa kanjani phakathi kwezingxenye eziningana, kodwa indlela abakwenza ngayo ayikhuthazi ukucaca ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Inkinga enkulu ukuthi Ukuqhathanisa ama-engeli nezindawo zemikhakha akulula njengokuqhathanisa ubude.Uma umehluko phakathi kwezigaba uncane noma inani lezigaba liphezulu, cishe akunakwenzeka ukunquma ngokunembile ukuthi yikuphi okufaka isandla kakhulu noma kancane kunani eliphelele. Ukwengeza amalebula anamaphesenti amancane azungeze indilinga kuphazamisa ngokuphelele ukufundeka.

Ngakho-ke, umthetho omuhle wesithupha uthi Ungasebenzisi amashadi ephayi anezingxenye ezingaphezu kwezinhlanuKusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, ukumelwa kuya kuba yinto engacacile futhi kuphenduke umsebenzi wobuhle ongenanzuzo yokuhlaziya. Uma unezigaba eziningi, kungcono ukuhlanganisa ezincane ngaphansi "kwezinye" noma, mane usebenzise ishadi lebha elihleliwe noma enye ifomethi enembile kakhulu.

Amashadi endandatho abelana ngalezi zinkinga ezifanayo futhi aze azibhebhethekise ngokungeza igebe eliphakathi elizo Kunciphisa indawo ebonakalayo yengxenye ngayinye futhi kwenze kube nzima nakakhulu ukuqhathanisa.Nakuba zingase zibukeke “zinhle” ekwethulweni, azivamile ukuba yizinketho ezifanele kakhulu zokuhlaziya okujulile.

Ngamafuphi, uma umgomo wakho uwukuba umfundi aqonde ngokushesha ukuthi isamba sihlukaniswa kanjani, Ishadi lebha eli-odiwe kusukela kweliphezulu kuya kweliphansi livame ukucaca kakhulu kuneshadi lephayi.Bhukha amashadi ephayi ukuze uthole izimo ezilula kakhulu, ezinezigaba ezimbalwa kakhulu kanye nomehluko ophawulekayo phakathi kwazo.

Imidwebo yokuhlakaza kanye nendlela yokubonisa amaphuzu abalulekile ekhoneni

Ama-scatter plot ayithuluzi elifanele uma ufuna hlaziya ubudlelwano phakathi kweziguquguquko ezimbili zezinomboloImelela eyodwa ku-X-axis kanye nenye ku-Y-axis. Ziwusizo kakhulu ekuboniseni ubudlelwano, ukusatshalaliswa kwedatha, ama-scatter plot, kanye namaphethini angabonakali kumathebula.

Ezimweni eziningi, lapho usebenza ngedatha yokuhlola noma iziqongo zomsebenzi, kuyathakazelisa ukuthi qokomisa inani eliphezulu lejika noma iphuzu elithileKu-Excel, lokhu kungenziwa ngokukhetha uchungechunge lweshadi lokuhlakaza bese wengeza amalebula edatha kuphela endaweni ofuna ukuyigqamisa, noma ngokudala uchungechunge lwesibili oluqukethe lelo nani kuphela bese lunikeza ifomethi ehlukile (umbala ohlukile, usayizi omkhulu, umaka ohlukile).

Iphutha elilodwa okufanele uligweme ngokuhlakazeka yileli ukuxuba idatha ngokunganaki engafomethiwe kahle njengezinomboloUma noma iyiphi yama-axes iqukethe amanani ombhalo noma amaseli angavumelekile, ishadi lingase lihluleke noma libonise amaphuzu angafanele. Kubalulekile ukubuyekeza ngokuphelele ububanzi bedatha, ikakhulukazi uma buvela kumafayela e-CSV noma ukungeniswa kwangaphandle.

Esinye isici esibalulekile ukukhetha ububanzi be-axis efanele. I-Excel ivame ukwenza lokhu Ukulungisa izikali ngokuzenzakalelayo kungenzeka, kodwa kwezinye izimo lokhu kunganikeza umuzwa oweqile wokushintshashintsha. Noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, yenza umehluko ube lula kakhulu. Ukulungisa ngesandla imikhawulo emincane nemikhulu kungasiza ekwenzeni isethulo sithembeke kakhulu endabeni ofuna ukuyilandisa.

Okokugcina, uma uzosebenza ngamaphuzu amaningi edatha, kuwumqondo omuhle lokho Nciphisa izinto ezifana nemigqa yegridi, imingcele, kanye nokuhlobisaEsimweni sokusabalala okukhulu, into ebalulekile ukuthi amaphuzu ahlukaniswe ngokucacile nokuthi, uma kukhona ukuthambekela, kungabonakala ngokushesha, ngisho nokwengeza umugqa wokuthambekela lapho kunengqondo.

Ihluzo ezithuthukisiwe ezingavamile: lapho zikhanya nalapho ziba yingcosana

Ngaphezu kwamashadi akudala, i-Excel ifaka phakathi Izinhlobo ezingavamile zamagrafu ezinganikeza umbono othakazelisayo kakhulu, uma zisetshenziswa kahle ekuhlaziyeni kwakho. Kodwa-ke, ziyindawo evundile yokusetshenziswa kabi kobuhle kanye nokudideka uma kusetshenziswa ngaphandle kwemibandela.

Lezi zakhiwo ezithuthukisiwe zifaka amashadi e-radar (noma isicabucabu), amashadi e-waterfall, amashadi e-funnel, amashadi e-bubble, amashadi e-milestone, amashadi e-custom real vs. target, amashadi e-vignette, amashadi e-step, amashadi e-tornado, kanye nama-speedometer athandwa kakhulu. Zonke zinenjongo yazo, kodwa ukuziqonda kubalulekile. lapho zinikeza inani langempela nalapho kungcono ukuzigwema.

Umgomo ojwayelekile walezi shadi ukuthi njalo kubekwe phambili Ukufundeka nokufinyeleleka ngaphezu komthelela obonakalayoIdeshibhodi egcwele ihluzo ezingavamile ingase ibukeke "iyesimanje" kakhulu, kodwa uma umphakathi ungawaqondi ekuqaleni, inhloso yokubuka iyalahleka.

Sizobuyekeza ngayinye yalezi zindlela, sibheke ukusetshenziswa kwazo okufanele kakhulu kanye nezingozi zokuzisebenzisa ngokunganaki, ukuze wazi. yiziphi ezingakusiza ukuthi ulandise indaba yakho kangcono nokuthi yiziphi okufanele zisetshenziswe kuphela ezimweni ezithile kakhulu.

Ishadi le-radar noma lesicabucabu: lokuqhathaniswa okuqondile kakhulu kwe-multivariate

Ishadi le-radar, elaziwa nangokuthi ishadi lesicabucabu, limelela iziguquguquko eziningana kuma-radial axes avela esikhungweni esivamileIsigaba ngasinye sibekwe ku-axis, futhi amanani ahlanganiswa ndawonye akha uhlobo lwe-spider web oluvumela ukuqhathaniswa komhlaba wonke kwephrofayili yochungechunge ngalunye.

Lolu hlobo lweshadi luwusizo kakhulu ku- qhathanisa amandla nobuthakathaka bezinto ezahlukene: imikhiqizo uma kuqhathaniswa nezindinganiso zekhwalithi, amakhono abasebenzi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinga, imiphumela yocwaningo kuzo zonke izilinganiso ezahlukene, njll. Uma ubheka nje, kusobala ukuthi uchungechunge ngalunye luhamba phambili kuphi nokuthi luhluleka kuphi.

Inkinga ukuthi uma kufakwa uchungechunge oluningi kakhulu noma izigaba eziningi kakhulu, Ubulembu besicabucabu buba yingxubevange yemigqa ehambisanayo nama-polygon Kunzima kakhulu ukukufunda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iso lomuntu alikwazi kahle ukulinganisa amabanga aqondile kanye nezindawo ezinama-polygonal, ngakho-ke ukuqhathanisa amanani ngokunembile kungaba nzima.

Ngakho-ke, kuyalulekwa ukusebenzisa amashadi e-radar ane- inani elilinganiselwe lezigaba kanye nochungechunge olumbalwaFuthi kuphela uma umgomo uwukukhombisa "iphrofayili" evamile kunokufundwa kwezinombolo okuqondile. Uma udinga ukunemba okuphelele, ithebula noma ishadi lebha elihlukaniswe cishe lizosebenza kangcono kakhulu.

Ezethulweni, lezi zithombe zingaba nomthelela omkhulu obonakalayo, kodwa kubalulekile Chaza ngokucacile emphakathini ukuthi i-axis ngayinye imelelani nokuthi ungachaza kanjani izindawo.ukugwema ukuchazwa kabi noma iziphetho ezisheshayo.

Ishadi lempophoma: liwusizo kakhulu kwezezimali, liyingozi uma izigaba zisetshenziswa ngokweqile

Ishadi lempophoma lisetshenziselwa ukukhombisa ukuthi inani lokuqala lithinteka kanjani uchungechunge lokwanda nokwehla kuze kube yilapho kufinyelelwa umphumela wokugcinaKuvame kakhulu ezimweni zezimali: ukuhlukaniswa kwemali engenayo, ukuhlaziywa kwemali engenayo, ukuvela kwenzuzo engenayo, ukushintshashintsha kwesabelomali, njll.

Amandla ayo aseqinisweni lokuthi ihlukanisa inani libe amabhlogo amahle nangalungile abonakala kahleLokhu kwenza kube lula ukuqonda ukuthi uwina kuphi nokuthi ulahlekelwa kuphi. Ikholomu ngayinye ephakathi imele isici, futhi lonke ishadi lidweba isithombe esicacile kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni.

Ingozi ivela lapho Kufakwe izinto eziningi kakhulu eziphakathi, noma imiqondo ehlukahlukene iyaxutshwa.Ishadi lokuwa kwamanzi elinamakholomu angamashumi amabili ahlukene lingaba nzima njengethebula elingapheli, futhi lilahlekelwa yilowo mphumela wokufundisa owenza libe namandla kangaka.

Ukulebula kanye nokukala nakho kudinga ukugadwa. Uma izigaba kanye namanani kungavezwanga ngokucacile, Umfundi angase aqonde kabi umnikelo wokwenyuka nokwehla.noma ukungasiboni kahle isisindo esilinganiselwe salowo nalowo. Ezimweni zokuphatha, lapho izinqumo zenziwa khona ngokushesha, lokhu kungaba bucayi kakhulu.

Uma isetshenziswa kancane, ishadi le-waterfall lingenye yamafomethi athuthukisiwe kakhulu e-Excel, kodwa Kufanele kugcinelwe ukuhlaziywa lapho ukuhlukaniswa okulandelanayo kubaluleke khona ngempela. hhayi nje njengomhlobiso.

Ishadi le-Funnel: lihle ngezinqubo, libi uma lisetshenziswa kukho konke

Ishadi le-funnel lisetshenziselwa ukumela izinqubo ezilandelanayo lapho ivolumu incishiswa khona isiteji ngesigabaKujwayelekile kakhulu ekukhangiseni nasekuthengiseni: ukuvakasha kwamawebhusayithi, ukuhola, amathuba, iziphakamiso, ukuthengisa okuvaliwe, njll.

Ngokubukeka, kubonisa uchungechunge lwamabhulokhi avundlile Ziyancipha kancane kancane ukuze zibonise ukwehla kwevolumu kulo lonke inqubo. Lokhu kusiza ukuhlonza ngokushesha ukuthi amathuba amaningi alahleka kuphi, lapho kugxilwe khona izithiyo, nokuthi yiziphi izigaba ezidinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe.

Iphutha elivamile ukufuna ukusebenzisa ishadi le-funnel ukuze noma yiluphi uhlobo lolwazi oluhlelekile noma olunciphayoNakuba ingameleli ngempela inqubo elandelanayo, lapho ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuphoqelelwa ngaphandle kwezimo zokuguqulwa noma ukugeleza okucacile, ukuhumusha kuba kudideka futhi ishadi lilahlekelwa incazelo yalo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma umehluko phakathi kwezigaba umncane kakhulu, Umphumela obonakalayo we-funnel uncishiswe kakhuluFuthi mhlawumbe ishadi lebha elihleliwe noma ithebula elilula elinamazinga okuguqulwa kungaba yindlela ecacile nethembekile ngedatha.

Ngamafuphi, sebenzisa ishadi le-funnel kuphela uma ufuna ngempela. bona ngeso lengqondo inqubo enezingeniso nemiphumela elinganiswayofuthi ugweme ukuyisebenzisa ngoba nje ibukeka "inhle" kudeshibhodi.

Ishadi lebhamuza: linamandla eziguquguquki ezintathu, liyinkinga uma umphumela usetshenziswa ngokweqile

Ishadi lebhamuza liyisandiso semvelo seshadi lokuhlakaza, lapho Iphuzu ngalinye limelelwa njengebhamuza elisayizi walo uncike kuguquko lwesithathuNgakho-ke, esikhaleni esifanayo se-2D ubonisa ubukhulu obuthathu: indawo ku-X, indawo ku-Y kanye nobukhulu endaweni yebhamuza.

Lolu hlobo lokubona luwusizo kakhulu uma udinga hlaziya ubudlelwano obuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwezici ezintathuIsibonelo, intengo, ikhwalithi ebonwayo, kanye nokuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo ehlukene; noma imali engenayo, izindleko, kanye nenzuzo ngesifunda; noma noma yikuphi ukuhlanganiswa okufanayo ocwaningweni lwemakethe noma ekuhlaziyweni kokusebenza, noma ngisho zidlulisele ku-Power BI uma udinga amakhono okusebenzisana.

Isithende sika-Achilles yilokho Ukuqhathanisa izindawo ezinamabhamuza akulula njengokuqhathanisa ubude noma ukuphakama.Iso lomuntu livame ukungawunaki noma ukulinganisa ngokweqile umehluko wosayizi, futhi uma izikali zingakhethwanga kahle, amanye amabhamuza angabonakala emakhulu kakhulu kunalokho anjalo ngempela.

Kufanele futhi ugweme ukugcwala ishadi ngamabhamuza amaningi kakhulu. Uma ugcwalisa isikhala ngamaphuzu amaningi, Amabhamuza ayagoqana futhi wonke alahlekelwa ukufundekaEzimweni ezinjalo, kungcono ukuhlunga, ukuqoqa, noma ukuhlukanisa idatha ngaphambi kokuyibonisa, ukuze umfundi akwazi ukufeza iziphetho ngaphandle kokulahleka olwandle lwezindilinga.

Sebenzisa amashadi amabhamuza lapho zonke izingqimba ezintathu zolwazi zihlobene ngempela nokuhlaziywa kwakho futhi Chazela izilaleli ngokucacile ukuthi ubukhulu bebhamuza ngalinye bumelelani.ukuze kungabikho muntu ofinyelela iziphetho ezingalungile.

Ezinye izithombe ezithuthukisiwe: izigigaba ezibalulekile, izithiyo zangempela uma ziqhathaniswa neziqondiwe, izigigaba ezimfushane, iziphepho ezinyakazayo, ama-stormedometha kanye nama-speedometer

Ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ezibonakala kakhulu ezifakwe ku-interface, i-Excel ikuvumela ukuthi wakhe ihluzo ezithuthukisiwe ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela yochungechunge namafomethiezibaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wezezimali nowokuphatha.

Amashadi e-milestone, isibonelo, agqamisa izinsuku ezibalulekile ngokulandelana kwesikhathiukusiza ukubeka idatha kumongo wayo womlando kanye nokuxhumana nezilaleli ezingezona ezemali ukuthi iphrojekthi imi kuphi nokuthi yini eseyifeziwe kuze kube manje.

Amashadi angempela vs. okuqondiwe (okulindelwe vs. okungokoqobo) ayinhlanganisela yamakholomu, imigqa, noma ezinye izinto ezithi Baqhathanisa ukusebenza okufeziwe nomgomo obekiwe.Nakuba kungekho sibonelo esisodwa sokuzidala, zibalulekile ukuze kuboniswe ukuthi uyahambisana yini nezinhloso, ngendlela eqondile nebonakalayo.

Ihluzo ze-bullet point zincane futhi zisebenza kahle kakhulu: Endaweni encane zibonisa inani langempela, inhloso kanye nesizinda esisezingeni eliphezulu (isibonelo, ububanzi obuhle, obumaphakathi, obubi). Yingakho zisetshenziswa kakhulu kumadeshibhodi, njengoba zigxila ulwazi oluningi ngaphandle kokugcwalisa umbiko ngezibalo eziyinkulungwane ezihlakazekile.

Amashadi anezitebhisi noma anezitebhisi, nawo avumela ukubona kangcono ukugxuma okungazelelwe ekusebenzeniokubonisa izingxenye ezivundlile kanye nezinguquko ezihlukile esikhundleni semigqa ebushelelezi. Lokhu kucacisa ukuthi izinguquko zenzeka kuphi ngempela futhi kusiza ekuchazeni idatha yomlando ukuze kuboniswe izimo zesikhathi esizayo ngokunembe kakhudlwana.

Ihluzo zeTornado zakhiwe kusukela imigoqo yokuqhathanisa ehlelwe kusukela phezulu kuya phansiLokhu kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlaziya ukuzwela noma ukuqhathanisa i-metric evela emithonjeni emibili (isibonelo, ukuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo ehlukene ezitolo ezimbili). Njengoba zibekwe ngokulandelana kokwehla, zakha uhlobo lwesiphepho esikuvumela ukuthi ubone ngokushesha lapho umehluko omkhulu ugxile khona.

Ekugcineni, ihluzo zesitayela se-speedometer, eziphefumulelwe amadeshibhodi ezimoto, ziyaboniswa inkomba e-arc ehlukaniswe ngezindawo (obomvu, ophuzi, oluhlaza okotshani)Zithandwa kakhulu kumadeshibhodi ezezimali okuqapha ama-KPI, njengoba zisheshe ziveze ukuthi inani lingaphakathi kwebanga elamukelekayo noma cha, yize kumele zisetshenziswe ngokuqapha ukuze kugwenywe ukweqisa ngokubonakalayo izinguquko ezincane.

Isimiso esifanayo sisebenza kuzo zonke lezi zithombe ezithuthukisiwe: Uma bengawucacisi umyalezo, kungcono ukungawasebenzisi.Umgomo akukhona ukugcwalisa umbiko "ngamagajethi" abonakalayo, kodwa ukuxhumana kangcono ngolwazi olubalulekile ekwenzeni izinqumo.

Izindlela ezijwayelekile ezinhle kakhulu zokusebenza ngamashadi ku-Excel

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhetha uhlobo luni lweshadi, kuneziqondiso eziningana ezithi Zizosiza ukwenza imiboniso yakho ihlanzeke, iqondakale kakhudlwana, futhi ibe nobungcweti kakhudlwana.ukugwema amaphutha abonakala njalo ezethulweni nasemibikweni.

Okokuqala, uthi idatha yomthombo ithembekile, iphelele futhi isesikhathiniAkukho shadi, noma lingabonakala limangalisa kangakanani, elizokhokhela idatha engalungile, ephelelwe yisikhathi, noma ehlanganisiwe kabi. Uma isizindalwazi sinephutha, ishadi lizodukisa kakhulu futhi libe yingozi kakhulu.

Okwesibili, Khetha njalo uhlobo lomfanekiso olumelela kahle umlayezoakuyona into ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu. Beka phambili ukufunda okusheshayo nokuqonda okunembile kunomphumela wobuhle. Futhi, zama ukunciphisa inani lama-axes esibili kanye nezikali eziphindaphindwayo, njengoba lokhu kuvame ukuholela ekudidekeni nasekuchazeni kabi.

Okwesithathu, qaphela umklamo oyisisekelo: Sebenzisa iphalethi yombala elula nehambisanayo, bese ususa imigqa yegridi engadingekile.Gwema imiphumela ye-3D engadingekile kanye nomthunzi. Zonke izinto ezibonakalayo ezinganikezi ulwazi oluwusizo ziyisiphazamiso esivimbela ukuhumusha.

Okokugcina, bonisa uzwela nezilaleli zakho. Zibuze ukuthi uzizwa kanjani. Yini ngempela umuntu ozofunda umbiko okudingeka ayibone?Imuphi umongo wayo, ingakanani isikhathi abazoyinikela kuso, futhi yisiphi isinqumo okufanele basithathe ngokusekelwe kulolo lwazi? Ukushintshanisa izinga lemininingwane, uhlobo lweshadi, kanye nendlela eyethulwa ngayo kulezo zilaleli kuzokwenza umehluko phakathi kombiko ongasoze walibaleka kanye nethuluzi lokuphatha langempela.

Ekugcineni, isihluthulelo sokugwema amaphutha ngamashadi e-Excel ukungazi zonke izinhlobo ezingavamile ezikhona, kodwa Ukwazi ukuthi kufanele uzigweme nini lezo ezididayo, nokuthi kufanele ukhethe nini ezinye izindlela ezilula nokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani imikhuba embalwa emihle yokuklama kanye nekhwalithi yedatha ezokwenza izithombe zakho zilandise indaba efanele, ngaphandle kokuhlobisa okungadingekile nangokucacile okukhulu.