Impilo yezingxenye ze-PC: umhlahlandlela ophelele namathuluzi ayisihluthulelo

Informatec Digital » Izinsiza » Impilo yezingxenye ze-PC: umhlahlandlela ophelele namathuluzi ayisihluthulelo

Cishe wonke umuntu uyaqaphela ngokushesha noma kamuva ukuthi ikhompyutha yakhe ithatha isikhathi eside ukuqala, yenza imisindo engavamile, noma iqine ngokungazelelwe. Abantu abaningi abakwenzi ukuyeka ukuhlola impilo yezingxenye ze-PC yabo kuze kube yilapho sekwephuze kakhulu futhi okuthile kuphuka noma balahlekelwa idatha ebalulekile.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi, ngamathuluzi afanele, ungaqapha impilo yehadiwe yakho kanye nesistimu yokusebenza ngaphandle kokuvula umbhoshongo wekhompyutha yakho noma ukuyisa endaweni yokulungisa. I-Windows ifaka phakathi izinsiza eziningana zokuxilonga, futhi kunezinhlelo eziningi zamahhala ezikusiza ukuqapha izinga lokushisa, amadiski, inkumbulo, i-CPU, i-GPU, inethiwekhi, ngisho nokuphepha kwesistimu.

Kungani kufanelekile ukuqapha impilo yezingxenye ze-PC yakho

Ikhompyutha enganakwa izogcina ibangele izinkinga: izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithatha isikhathi eside ukuvula, ukuphahlazeka okungahleliwe, ukuqala kabusha okungalindelekile, amafeni asebenza ngesivinini esigcwele … Zonke lezi zimpawu zivame ukukhombisa izinkinga zokusebenza, izinkinga zokushisa, noma amaphutha esistimu okufanele axazululwe ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ukwenza ukuhlola okuvamile kukuvumela ukuthi uthole izinkinga nge-RAM yakho, i-CPU, noma i-hard drive ngaphambi kokuba zehluleke , ugweme izikrini eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, uthole izinqubo ezidinga izinsiza eziningi, futhi uhlole ukuthi i-PC yakho iyahlangabezana yini nezidingo zezinguqulo ze-Windows zesikhathi esizayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugcina uhlelo lusebenza kahle kusiza ukwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwehadiwe, ukugwema izimanga ezingathandeki ngokulahleka kwedatha , ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza emidlalweni noma ezinhlelweni ezidinga amandla amaningi, nokunquma ukuthi kuyafaneleka yini ukuthuthukisa izingxenye noma ukuthi zisakwazi yini ukuhlala isikhathi eside.

Amathuluzi e-Windows Native okuhlola impilo ye-PC

Ngaphambi kokufaka noma yini, kungumqondo omuhle ukusizakala ngalokho iWindows eseyikuqukethe, ngoba iqukethe izinsiza eziningana ezenzelwe ngqo ukuxilonga izinkinga zehadiwe, ukusebenza, kanye nefayela lesistimu ngaphandle kokuthembela kusofthiwe yangaphandle.

Izinhlelo Zokuphatha Imisebenzi kanye Nezinhlelo Zokuqalisa

I-Task Manager isibe yiphaneli yokulawula esheshayo yokubona ukuthi yini ephazamisa i-PC yakho. Kusukela kuthebhu ethi Ukusebenza, ungaqapha ukusetshenziswa kwe-CPU, i-RAM, idiski, inethiwekhi, ngisho ne-GPU ngesikhathi sangempela , ngamagrafu abonisa umthwalo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Ithebhu ethi Izinqubo yenza kube lula ukubona izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzisa i-CPU noma i-RAM eningi , okukuvumela ukuthi uziqede ngqo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isigaba esithi Ukuqalisa sikuvumela ukuthi ukhubaze izinhlelo ezilayisha ngokuzenzakalelayo ekuqaleni futhi ngokuvamile zibangela ukuthi ikhompyutha yakho ithathe isikhathi eside ukuthi isebenze.

Kumakhompyutha anamuhla, umphathi wemisebenzi uphinde abonise idatha efana nesivinini seprosesa yamanje, ukusetshenziswa kwememori, isikhathi sokusebenza, uhlobo lwediski , kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-GPU, okuwusizo kakhulu ekuboneni ukuthi kukhona yini okucindezela kakhulu umshini.

Ukuqapha Ukusebenza

I-Performance Monitor iyithuluzi elithuthukisiwe kakhulu elihlanganiswe ne-Windows elivumela hlaziya ngokuningiliziwe ukuziphatha kwesikhathi eside kwesistimuIvula ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-Windows + R, ukuthayipha perfmon bese ucindezela u-Enter.

Ukusuka lapho, ungakha imibiko yokuxilonga ezenzakalelayo ehlanganisa i-CPU, imemori, idiski, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwenethiwekhi , kanye nokudala ama-counters kanye nezaziso ezenziwe ngokwezifiso lapho ingxenye ikhuphuka ngaphezu kwemingcele ethile. Kuhle kakhulu ekutholeni izithiyo ezingabonakali ngokushesha.

Isihloli Sefayela Lesistimu: SFC

Uma iWindows iqala ukuziphatha ngendlela exakile ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo—amaphutha angajwayelekile, amamenyu angeke alayishe, ukuphahlazeka okungahleliwe—kungenzeka ukuthi amanye amafayela esistimu onakele. Yilapho i-SFC (System File Checker) ingena khona, isebenzisa umyalo othi `sfc /scannow`.

Njengoba isetshenziswa kukhonsoli enamalungelo okuphatha, lo myalo uskena wonke amafayela esistimu abalulekile, uwaqhathanise nesipele esisemthethweni esigcinwe ku-Windows uqobo, futhi ushintsha noma yimaphi amafayela onakele noma aguquliwe ngenguqulo yawo ehlanzekile.

Ingaxazulula izinkinga ezinkulu, okuhlanganisa izikrini ezithile eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka namaphutha e-File Explorer , ngaphandle kokudinga ifomethi ephelele yesistimu. Uma ngisho ne-SFC yehluleka ukulungisa uhlelo, ngokuvamile kubonisa ukuthi isithombe se-Windows sonakele, futhi kuzodingeka usebenzise ithuluzi le-DISM ukulanda izingxenye ezivela kumaseva e-Microsoft.

Ukuxilongwa kwememori yeWindows

Amamojula e-RAM angalungile abangela izinkinga ezikhungathekisayo kakhulu: ukuqala kabusha okungalindelekile, amaphutha ohlelo lokusebenza angahleliwe, izikrini eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezahlukene zokufa isikhathi ngasinye … Ukuze uthole ukuthi inkinga ikwimemori, ungasebenzisa i-Windows Memory Diagnostic.

Uma uluqalisa, uhlelo lukunxusa ukuthi uqale kabusha ikhompyutha yakho ukuze uqalise uchungechunge lwezivivinyo ngaphandle kwe-Windows. Ukuhlolwa kuvame ukuthatha imizuzu emi-5 kuya kweyi-10, futhi uma sekuqediwe, uhlelo lubonisa umbiko okhombisa ukuthi kukhona yini amaphutha atholakale ku-RAM . Uma luthola amaphutha, kufanele ucabangele ukushintsha amamojula athintekile.

I-CHKDSK ukuhlola idiski

Uma i-hard drive noma i-SSD iqala ukubonisa izimpawu zokukhathala — amafayela angavuli, imiyalezo yamaphutha lapho kukopishwa idatha, iqina phakathi nokudluliselwa — kuyalulekwa ukusebenzisa i-CHKDSK ngamapharamitha okulungisa.

Kusukela kukhonsoli, umyalo chkdsk C: /f /r ihlaziya ivolumu ekufuneni imikhakha emibi, amaphutha esakhiweni sohlelo lwefayela nezinkinga zokufunda, ukuzama ukubuyisa ulwazi olufundekayo nokumaka izindawo ezonakele ukuze zingasetshenziswa futhi.

I-PC Health Check

I-Microsoft iphinde inikeze ithuluzi lamahhala le-PC Health Check, eligxile kakhulu ekuhloleni ukuthi ikhompyutha yakho iyahlangabezana yini nezidingo zokuthuthukela ku-Windows 11 , yize futhi ithatha ithuba lokukhombisa isifinyezo sempilo yesistimu iyonke.

Uma selufakiwe ku-Windows 10 noma kamuva, uhlelo lokusebenza luhlola izinto ezifana ne -CPU, i-RAM, ubukhona be-TPM kanye nenguqulo, isitoreji esitholakalayo, isimo sebhethri kuma-laptop , kanye nokuthi uhlelo selulungele yini izibuyekezo zesikhathi esizayo. Ngokubuyisela, lukukhombisa izincomo eziyisisekelo zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-PC yakho.

Izinhlelo zokuhlonza nokuqapha ihadiwe ye-PC

Ngaphandle kwamathuluzi e-Windows, kunezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zamahhala neze-freemium ezikuvumela ukuthi wazi ngemininingwane emfushane izingxenye ezifakiwe , amazinga okushisa azo, ama-voltage, amaza kanye nezinkinga zokuzinza ezingaba khona.

I-CPU-Z ne-CPU-X: imininingwane ephelele yeprosesa, ibhodi lomama kanye nememori

I-CPU-Z ingenye yezinsiza ezindala kakhulu nezithandwa kakhulu ze-Windows zokuthola ulwazi oluningiliziwe lobuchwepheshe mayelana ne-CPU, i-motherboard, kanye ne-RAM . I-interface yayo elula ukuyisebenzisa ihlela idatha ibe amathebhu.

Isigaba seprosesa sibonisa imodeli eqondile, inani lama-cores kanye nemicu, imvamisa yangaphakathi yesikhathi sangempela, i-voltage, i-cache, kanye nemiyalelo esekelwayo . Siphinde sibonise umenzi webhodi lomama, i-chipset, inguqulo ye-BIOS, kanye nayo yonke imininingwane yamamojula ememori (uhlobo, usayizi, ukubambezeleka, iziteshi ezisebenzayo, njll.).

Kuwusizo kakhulu uma usebenzise i-overclock, ngoba ikuvumela ukuthi uhlole bukhoma ukuthi ama-frequency nama-voltage asetshenzisiwe anjengokulindelekile yini . Ku-Linux, kukhona okufana cishe okufanayo okubizwa ngokuthi i-CPU-X, okunikeza uhlobo olufanayo lolwazi oluvumelaniswe nendawo ye-GNU/Linux.

I-GPU-Z: Konke mayelana nekhadi lakho lehluzo

Esigabeni sezithombe, i-GPU-Z igxile ekuhlinzekeni umbono ophelele we-GPU. Uma isivula, ibonisa imodeli yekhadi lezithombe eqondile, i-VRAM efakiwe, uhlobo lwebhasi, izinguqulo ze-BIOS kanye nomshayeli , kanye nobuchwepheshe obusekelwayo.

Ithebhu yayo yezinzwa ikuvumela ukuthi uqaphe izinga lokushisa le-GPU, umthwalo womsebenzi, isivinini sewashi, iphesenti lokusetshenziswa kwememori, kanye nesivinini sabalandeli ngesikhathi sangempela. Iyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuthola izinkinga zokushisa ngokweqile noma zokushisa lapho ubona ukwehla okungazelelwe kokusebenza kwemidlalo.

I-Speccy: umbono ofingqiwe nothunyelelwa ngaphandle wesistimu

I-Speccy iyisevisi ye-freemium eyenzelwe ukubonisa ulwazi lwehadiwe ngokucacile, ngisho nakubasebenzisi abangathuthukile kangako . Isikrini esifingqiwe sibonisa imininingwane eyinhloko yeprosesa, ibhodi lomama, i-RAM, amadrayivu, isistimu yokusebenza, kanye nekhadi lehluzo ngokushesha.

Iphinde ifake ukufundwa kwezinzwa, ukubonisa amazinga okushisa e-CPU, i-motherboard, idiski, kanye ne-GPU — okufanelekile ukuthola ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini ingxenye eshisa kakhulu. Esinye isici esiwusizo kakhulu yikhono lokugcina umbiko ngefomethi ye-XML noma yombhalo, noma ukuthwebula isithombe ozokwabelana ngaso ezinkundleni noma ngokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe.

I-AIDA64 / HardInfo: Ukuhlolwa okuthuthukisiwe kokuxilongwa kanye nokucindezeleka

I-AIDA64 isibe ithuluzi elisetshenziswa kakhulu kubasebenzisi abathuthukile abafuna ukulawula ngokuphelele ihadiwe yabo. Nakuba kuyihlelo elikhokhelwayo, inikeza izinguqulo zokuhlola ezilinganiselwe ezibonisa izinga elihlukanisa ngalo lonke ulwazi lwesistimu emakhasini amaningi.

Ihlanganisa izingxenye ezithile zebhodi lomama, i-CPU, i-GPU, i-RAM, amadivayisi okugcina, ukuxhumana, umsindo, ama-API ehluzo , nokunye okuningi. Iphinde ikuvumele ukuthi wenze izivivinyo zokucindezeleka ukuhlola ukuzinza kwesistimu ngaphansi komthwalo, isici esithandwa kakhulu yi-overclockers nabasebenzisi abacindezela ama-PC abo kuze kube sezingeni elifanele.

Isici esisodwa esithakazelisayo ukusekelwa kwayo kwezibonisi zangaphandle ukukhombisa amazinga okushisa esikhathi sangempela, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, kanye namaza . Ku-Linux, i-HardInfo yenza umsebenzi ofanayo, inikeza imibiko yehadiwe enemininingwane, amabhentshimakhi ayisisekelo, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwenzwa.

I-HWiNFO: ukuqapha kwezinga lochwepheshe

I-HWiNFO ingenye ithuluzi lamahhala elikwazi ukubika nokuqapha cishe noma iyiphi inzwa kubhodi yakho yomama, i-CPU, i-GPU, noma amadrayivu okugcina idatha . Abathuthukisi bayo baqhosha ngokuthi ngisho nezinhlangano ezifana ne-NASA ziyayisebenzisela izinhlelo ezithile.

Inikeza imibono emibili eyinhloko: uhlu olubanzi olunemininingwane eningiliziwe yedivayisi ngayinye kanye nefasitela lenzwa lapho ungalandelela khona amazinga okushisa, ama-voltage, isivinini samafeni kanye nokusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sangempela, kanye nezilinganiso eziqoshiwe kanye nezilinganiso eziphezulu.

Iphinde ikuvumele ukuthi ukhiqize imibiko ephelele yokubhala phansi izinguquko zehadiwe nokuthi zithinta kanjani ukusebenza, noma uthumele idatha yenzwa ukuze ihlaziywe kamuva. Ifaka ngisho nesici sokusesha izinguqulo zomshayeli ngokusekelwe engxenyeni etholiwe.

I-Open Hardware Monitor kanye ne-HWMonitor: amazinga okushisa anemininingwane kanye nama-voltage

I-Open Hardware Monitor iphrojekthi yomthombo ovulekile evelele ngokugxila kwayo ekushiseni, ama-voltage, kanye nesivinini sabalandeli . Ifunda izinzwa ezivela kubhodi lomama kanye neprosesa, kanye nalezo ezivela kumakhadi amaningi ehluzo e-Intel, AMD, kanye ne-NVIDIA.

Isixhumi sayo esibonakalayo sibala zonke izingxenye ngamanani azo amanje, amancane, kanye naphezulu, okukuvumela ukuthi ubone ngokushesha ukuthi i-CPU noma i-GPU isebenza emazingeni okushisa afanele noma uma kukhona abalandeli abasebenza kancane kakhulu. Iyahambisana ne-Windows kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux futhi ayidingi ukufakwa.

I-HWMonitor, eyakhiwa ngabadali be-CPU-Z, inikeza into efana kakhulu: ukuqapha izinga lokushisa, i-voltage, kanye ne-RPM ngesikhathi sangempela se- CPU, i-GPU, i-hard drive, i-motherboard, kanye nabalandeli be-case. Inguqulo ye-Pro inezela izici ezithuthukisiwe, kodwa inguqulo yamahhala yanele ukuqapha impilo yokushisa iyonke yesistimu yakho.

Ukuhlola impilo yesitoreji: i-CrystalDiskInfo nabanye

I-hard drive noma i-SSD ingenye yezingxenye ezibucayi kakhulu, ngoba ukwehluleka okukhulu kuvame ukusho ukulahlekelwa kwedatha uma ungenawo ama-backup . Ngenhlanhla, ama-drive amaningi anamuhla asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-SMART, obukuvumela ukuthi uhlaziye impilo yawo yangaphakathi.

I-CrystalDiskInfo: Isimo se-SMART sama-hard drive nama-SSD

I-CrystalDiskInfo cishe iyithuluzi lamahhala elisetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlola impilo yama-hard drive nama-SSD ku-Windows. Uma ivuliwe, ibonisa, kudrayivu ngayinye, izinga lokushisa lamanje, i-firmware, inombolo ye-serial, isikhombimsebenzisi, imodi yokudlulisa, amahora okuvula, kanye nokuxilongwa kwempilo okunekhodi yombala.

Uma isimo sivela ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, idiski ibhekwa njengephilile . Uma iphenduka ibe nombala ophuzi, ithuluzi lixwayisa ngokuthi idrayivu ingahluleka noma nini futhi lincoma ukuthi wenze isipele sedatha yakho futhi ulungiselele enye esikhundleni sayo. Uma sivela ngombala obomvu, isimo sibucayi, futhi ngokufanelekile, kufanele uthuthe idatha yakho ngokushesha.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zinkomba, i-CrystalDiskInfo ichaza izimfanelo ze-SMART njengemikhakha ephinde yahlukaniswa, amaphutha okufunda, imijikelezo yamandla , kanye nezinye izindinganiso ezisiza ekubikezeleni izinkinga ezinkulu.

I-WinDirStat namathuluzi okuhlanza uhlelo

Uma i-PC yakho iphelelwa yisikhala, ukusebenza kwayo kuyaphazamiseka. I-WinDirStat uhlelo oluncane lwe-Windows oluhlaziya ukusetshenziswa kwediski futhi luyibonise ngemidwebo ngamabhulokhi anemibala abonisa ukuthi ifayela nefolda ngayinye ithatha isikhala esingakanani . Iwusizo kakhulu ekutholeni amafayela amakhulu noma izandiso ezigcwalisa idrayivu yakho.

Uma ihlanganiswe nezinsiza ezifana ne-CCleaner, ekuvumela ukuthi ususe amafayela esikhashana, uhlanze ama-cache, uphathe izinhlelo zokuqala, futhi ususe amafayela aphindaphindiwe , ungakhulula isikhala esiningi futhi, ngeshwa, usheshise ukuqalisa kwesistimu kanye nempendulo iyonke.

Ukuxilongwa kwememori, i-CPU kanye ne-GPU: ukucindezeleka okulawulwayo

Ngaphezu kwezinzwa zokufunda namapharamitha, ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukugcizelela izingxenye zokuhlola ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuziphatha okungazinzile kubangelwa ukwehluleka kwehadiwe noma okunye.

I-Memtest86+: ukuhlolwa kwe-RAM okujulile

I-Memtest86+ iyithuluzi elijwayelekile lokuhlola ubuqotho be-RAM. Isebenza ngaphandle kwesistimu yokusebenza futhi ibeka amamojula ebhethri lokuhlolwa kokufunda nokubhala isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.

Uma ikhompyutha yakho ihlangabezana nokuma okungahleliwe, amaphutha angajwayelekile, noma ukuqala kabusha okungachazeki , kungumqondo omuhle ukusebenzisa i-Memtest86+ bese uyivumela ukuthi iqede ukuskena okugcwele okuningana. Noma yimaphi amaphutha avela esikrinini ngokuvamile abonisa amamojula ememori anephutha noma ukungahambisani kwememori.

Ithuluzi Lokuxilonga Iprosesa ye-Intel: Impilo Yeprosesa

Kwabaprosesa be-Intel, inkampani ngokwayo inikeza i-Intel Processor Diagnostic Tool, isevisi ye-Windows ehlola ukusebenza kwe-CPU, amaza, ama-voltage, kanye nokuzinza . Ngaphezu kokubonisa ulwazi oluningiliziwe lwe-chip, ifaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka okulinganiselwe.

Uma ubhekene nokuphahlazeka osola ukuthi kungenzeka kubangelwe yi-CPU, leli thuluzi lisiza ekunqumeni ukuthi inkinga iku-processor noma enye ingxenye . Uma lithola amaphutha, ngokuvamile lizoncoma ukucubungula isimangalo sewaranti noma ukuhlola uhlelo lokupholisa.

I-FurMark nezinye izivivinyo ze-GPU

Kumakhadi ehluzo, i-FurMark iyisivivinyo sokucindezeleka esinamandla kakhulu esenzelwe ukusunduza i-GPU kuze kufike emikhawulweni yayo nokuhlola ukuqina kwayo kanye nokushisa okuphezulu . Ikhiqiza umthwalo wehluzo onamandla okwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nokushisa, okulungele ukuthola izinkinga zokupholisa.

Sebenzisa ngokuhlakanipha: uma ubona izinga lokushisa likhuphuka kakhulu, kungcono ukuyeka ukuhlolwa, uthuthukise umoya, noma uhlanze uthuli ngaphambi kokuqhubeka. Uma uhambisana ne-GPU-Z noma i-HWMonitor, ungaqapha izinga lokushisa ngesikhathi sangempela.

Gada inethiwekhi nokuxhumeka: I-WiFi Analyzer kanye ne-Angry IP Scanner

Akuzona zonke izinkinga zokusebenza ezihlobene nehadiwe yangaphakathi. Ngokuvamile, umuzwa wokuvilapha uvela ekuxhumekeni kwe -Wi-Fi okuminyene noma izingxabano ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yendawo , futhi kukhona amathuluzi wamahhala atholakalayo okuhlaziya lezi zinkinga.

I-WiFi Analyzer: Ikhwalithi Yesignali Engenantambo

Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana ne-WiFi Analyzer zikuvumela ukuthi uhlole amadivayisi eselula ukuthi yiziphi iziteshi ezisetshenziswa amanethiwekhi aseduze, ukuthi unawo amandla esignali engakanani endaweni ngayinye endlini , nokuthi indawo yakho igcwele kangakanani.

Ngalolu lwazi, ungakhetha isiteshi esiminyene kakhulu ku-router yakho, ubeke kabusha imishini yakho, noma wengeze ama-repeater uma isignali ibuthakathaka kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ukuthuthukisa impilo yenethiwekhi yakho engenantambo kuqeda ukuyeka ukusebenza, ukukhuphuka kwe-latency, kanye nokwehla kwesivinini okwakubonakala njengezinkinga ze-PC.

Iskena se-IP esithukuthele: Ukuhlaziywa okusheshayo kwenethiwekhi yendawo

I-Angry IP Scanner iyithuluzi elihlanganisa amapulatifomu amaningi (iWindows, i-macOS, ne-Linux) eliskena ububanzi bekheli le-IP ngemizuzu embalwa ukuthola ukuthi yimaphi amadivayisi axhunyiwe, ukuthi yimaphi ama-port avulekile, nokuthi yiziphi izikhawu ezibonisayo.

Kuwusizo kakhulu ekutholeni ama-IP hops, ukubhekana nezingxabano, imishini okungafanele ixhunywe , noma izinsizakalo ezisabela kancane kakhulu kunethiwekhi yangaphakathi.

Ukuphepha nesofthiwe: susa izinkinga ezinengqondo

Akuyona yonke into ebonakala sengathi i-hardware iyahluleka ngempela. Ngezinye izikhathi i-malware, abashayeli abaphelelwe yisikhathi, noma izinhlelo ezigcwele i-junk yedijithali zingalingisa izimpawu zengxenye ehlulekayo.

I-Antivirus kanye ne-antimalware: Ama-Malwarebytes kanye nenkampani

Ngaphezu kwe-antivirus eyinhloko (isibonelo, i-Windows Defender), kuyalulekwa ukuba namathuluzi athile njenge-Malwarebytes, aklanyelwe ukuthola nokususa isofthiwe enonya ebalekela i-antivirus yakudala.

Ukuskena okugcwele ngalolu hlobo lohlelo kungathola i-adware, ama-Trojans, noma izengezo ezinonya ezidla izinsiza, zivula ukuxhumana okungafuneki, noma ezibangela ukungazinzi okubonakalayo ohlelweni.

Izinsiza zokulungisa: izihlanzi zesikhala kanye nezithuthukisi

Izinhlelo ezifana ne-CCleaner, i-Advanced SystemCare, i-Glary Utilities, noma i-Iolo System Mechanic zihlanganisa imisebenzi eminingi: ukuhlanza amafayela esikhashana, ukuphathwa kokuqala, ukulungiswa okuyisisekelo kokufakwa kwerejista , kanye, kwezinye izimo, ukulungiswa okuncane kokusebenza.

Njengoba zisetshenziswa ngokulinganisela futhi zilandwa njalo kumawebhusayithi azo asemthethweni, zingasiza ekunciphiseni izinhlelo ezilayishwe kakhulu, zisuse izinsalela zokukhishwa , futhi zenze imisebenzi yokulungisa ezenzakalelayo ebingenziwa ngesandla.

Amathuluzi akhethekile kanye nokuxilongwa okuthuthukisiwe

Kukhona futhi nezinsiza eziqondile ezibhekana nezinkinga ezithile noma ezinikeza imibiko enemininingwane kakhulu yesistimu yonke , kokubili ku-Windows nakwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.

I-ESET SysInspector: I-X-ray Yesistimu

I-ESET SysInspector iyithuluzi lamahhala elihlaziya ngokuphelele uhlelo futhi liqoqe ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nezinqubo ezisebenzayo, abashayeli abalayishiwe, ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi, okufakiwe kokubhalisa okusolisayo , nezinye izinto ezingase zibangele ukungazinzi.

Ingasetshenziswa njengohlelo lokusebenza oluzimele noma ihlanganiswe nemikhiqizo yokuphepha ye-ESET, futhi iwusizo kakhulu ekuxilongeni izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi ezihlanganisa isofthiwe nehadiwe , njengezingxabano zomshayeli noma izinsizakalo eziphazamisa ukusebenza kahle kwekhompyutha.

I-Belarc Advisor, i-Wise System Monitor kanye nezinye izinhlelo "zonke-in-one"

I-Belarc Advisor ikhiqiza umbiko ophelele kakhulu ohlanganisa uhlu lwehadiwe nohlu lwesofthiwe efakiwe, isimo sokuphepha, ama-patches asetshenzisiwe , kanye nabashayeli abatholiwe. Ilungele ukuthola umbono ophelele wekhompyutha yakho nokubona okungenzeka ukuthi sekuphelelwe yisikhathi.

I-Wise System Monitor inikeza umbono olula kakhulu wesistimu yakho, obonisa izinqubo ezisebenzayo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-CPU ne-RAM, ukusetshenziswa kwenethiwekhi ngesikhathi sangempela , kanye nokubuka konke okusheshayo kwehadiwe yakho eyinhloko. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uvale izinqubo ezingadingekile futhi uhlole noma yini engase igcwalise uxhumano lwakho.

Indlela yokubona izingxenye ze-PC ngaphandle kokuvula umbhoshongo

Uma ungafuni ukuqhekeza noma yini—noma ungafuni ukuthatha noma yiziphi izingozi—kunezindlela eziningi zokuthola ukuthi iyiphi iprosesa, ibhodi lomama, i-RAM, kanye nekhadi lehluzo onalo usebenzisa isofthiwe kuphela, ku-Windows, macOS, kanye ne-Linux.

Izinketho zeWindows: I-DirectX, Izilungiselelo Zesistimu kanye Namathuluzi

Ithuluzi lokuxilonga le-DirectX (DxDiag) livulwa ngokucindezela i-Windows + R bese uthayipha dxdiagNgemva kwemizuzwana embalwa, kuyakhombisa Imininingwane eyisisekelo yekhompyutha: imodeli, i-BIOS, iprosesa, i-RAM futhi, kumathebhu afana ne-Display noma Sound, imininingwane ye-GPU kanye nabashayeli bomsindo.

Kusuka kuzilungiselelo > Uhlelo > Mayelana, ungabona futhi igama lekhompyutha, uhlobo lweprosesa kanye nesivinini, i-RAM efakiwe, kanye nohlobo lwesistimu yokusebenza . Nakuba kuyisifinyezo nje, kuvame ukwanele ukwazi ukuthi yini oyifakile.

Uma ufuna ukuya phambili, ithuluzi Lolwazi Lwesistimu (msinfo32) libala zonke izingxenye namadivayisi e-PC ngendlela ehlelekile ngaphansi kwesigaba se-Components, kusukela ekhadini lenethiwekhi kuya kumadivayisi okugcina, ngemininingwane eminingi yobuchwepheshe.

Umphathi Wedivayisi, i-Command Prompt, kanye ne-BIOS/UEFI

I-Device Manager ibonisa, isigaba ngesigaba, ama-adaptha okubonisa, amadivayisi enethiwekhi, amadivayisi e-Bluetooth, amadivayisi omsindo, izilawuli zesitoreji , kanye nezinye ihadiwe. Ukuchofoza kabili into ngayinye kubonisa umenzi, imodeli, inguqulo yomshayeli, kanye nolunye ulwazi.

Uma ukhetha okuthile okusheshayo okuvela kukhonsoli, umyalo systeminfo inikeza uhlu oluyisisekelo olune Inguqulo ye-Windows, umenzi wesistimu, imodeli, uhlobo lweprosesa, inkumbulo ebonakalayo kanye nolunye ulwazi olufanele. Akuyona into ephelele njengezinye izinketho, kodwa ishesha.

Kulabo abanesifiso sokwazi, ukufaka i-BIOS/UEFI ekuqaleni (usebenzisa i-Delete, i-F2, i-F10, noma efanayo, kuye nge-motherboard) kukuvumela ukuthi ubone imodeli ye-motherboard, imininingwane yeprosesa, isivinini sewashi, inani kanye nohlobo lwe-RAM , kanye nezinketho zokucushwa ezithuthukisiwe. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukungathinti lutho uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi ushintsha ini.

Buka ihadiwe ku-macOS naku-Linux

Ku-Mac, imenyu ye-Apple > About This Mac ibonisa isifinyezo esinemodeli, iprosesa, inkumbulo, inombolo ye-serial, kanye nenguqulo ye-macOS . Ukuchofoza i-System Report kuvula uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-System Information, olunikeza umbono ophelele wesihlahla sehadiwe, inethiwekhi, kanye nesofthiwe.

Ku-Linux, indlela eqondile kakhulu ukuvula i-terminal bese ufaka sudo lshw | lessebala ngokuningiliziwe I-CPU, i-GPU, imemori, amadivayisi okugcina, inethiwekhi, nezinye izingxenyeEnye indlela ukuhlola isiqondisi se-/proc, lapho uhlelo luveza khona idatha eningi yehadiwe ngendlela yamafayela abonakalayo.

Hlola ikhwalithi yehadiwe: ukusebenza, usayizi, kanye nokuthuthukiswa

Ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye onazo kuhle, kodwa kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi zisasebenza kahle yini noma azikakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zakho , ikakhulukazi maqondana neprosesa, inkumbulo, ikhadi lehluzo, kanye nesitoreji.

Ama-cores eprosesa kanye nemvamisa

Namuhla, cishe bonke abaprosesa bane-multi-core, kodwa ukuba nama-core amaningi akusho ukuthi i-chip ishesha kakhulu. I-core ngayinye iyiyunithi yokucubungula ekwazi ukwenza umjikelezo wayo wemiyalelo (ukufunda, ukuqopha, ukusebenzisa, ukubhala).

Ama-core amaningi avumela ukucubungula imisebenzi eminingi ngesikhathi esifanayo, kodwa isivinini asebenza ngaso sincike emvamisa yewashi, elinganiswa ku-GHz . Yingakho iprosesa ene-dual-core enejubane eliphezulu lewashi ingenza kangcono kuneprosesa ene-quad-core ehamba kancane ngaphansi kwemithwalo ethile yomsebenzi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka, i-cache yangaphakathi, inqubo yokukhiqiza, kanye, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthi isofthiwe oyisebenzisayo isebenzisa ama-core amaningi noma cha konke kuyabandakanyeka . Izinhlelo eziningi azikhuli kahle ngale kwephuzu elithile, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukucabangela kokubili inani lama-core kanye nemvamisa kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-CPU.

Izici zebhodi lomama kanye nefomu lombhoshongo

Usayizi webhodi lomama (i-ATX, i-microATX, i-mini-ITX, i-eATX) uthonya kakhulu izinketho zokuthuthukisa, isikhala sokupholisa, kanye nohlobo lwekhava ongalisebenzisa . I-ATX ne-eATX zinikeza izikhala ze-PCIe ezengeziwe kanye nokuhamba komoya okungcono, kodwa zithatha isikhala esiningi.

Izinto eziningi ezibumbene njenge-microATX noma i-mini-ITX zivumela ukwakhiwa kwemibhoshongo emincane, efanele amakamelo okuhlala noma amadeski anesikhala esilinganiselwe, kodwa ngokuvamile zihilela izikhala ezimbalwa zokunwebeka, amakhadi ehluzo amafushane, kanye nama-drive bay ambalwa . Uma uhlola impilo yesikhathi eside yesistimu, kubalulekile futhi ukucabangela ukuthi ipulatifomu inikeza amandla okuthuthukisa angakanani.

I-Winaero kanye nezilinganiso ezilula

Amathuluzi afana ne-Winaero akuvumela ukuthi wenze izivivinyo ezincane zokwenziwa eziphefumulelwe yizilinganiso zokusebenza ze-Windows ezindala (amaphuzu esiwabonile ku-Windows 7 no-8). Anikeza amaphuzu ku-processor, i-RAM, ihluzo, kanye ne-hard drive, kusetshenziswa ihadiwe yesimanje njengereferensi.

Ngephuzu elilodwa nje, ungabona ngokushesha ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye ebambe kakhulu uhlelo . Uma, isibonelo, konke kuthola amaphuzu aphezulu ngaphandle kwe-hard drive, kungase kube yisikhathi sokuthuthukisa kusuka ku-HDD kuya ku-SSD esikhundleni sokushintsha yonke i-PC.

Ukugcina izingxenye ze-PC yakho ziphilile akuzona nje ezochwepheshe: ngezinsiza ze-Windows ezakhelwe ngaphakathi namathuluzi ambalwa amahhala, ungaqapha amazinga okushisa, uhlole amadiski, uvivinye inkumbulo, uhlaziye inethiwekhi yakho, futhi uthole i-malware ngaphambi kokuthi iguqule ikhompyutha yakho ibe yikhanda elibuhlungu. Ukubekela eceleni isikhathi esithile ngezikhathi ezithile ukuhlola lezi zinto, ukuhlanza ikhompyutha yakho ngokomzimba, nokwenza ama-backup kwenza umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-PC ehlala "iseduze" kanye ne-PC esebenza kahle iminyaka eminingi.