Indlela yokufunda impilo ye-hard drive noma i-SSD futhi ugweme ukulahlekelwa idatha

I-Informatec Digital » Izinsiza » Indlela yokufunda impilo ye-hard drive noma i-SSD futhi ugweme ukulahlekelwa idatha

Cishe akekho ocabanga nge-hard drive yakhe kuze kube yilapho iqala ukwenza imisindo engavamile, i-PC ibambezeleka, noma kuvela isikrini esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esesabekayo. Kodwa-ke, ukuqapha njalo impilo yama-drive akho (i-HDD, i-SSD, noma i-M.2) kungenye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuvikela ikhompyutha yakho, iseva, noma i-NAS ezinkingeni ezingalindelekile.

Kuwo wonke lo mhlahlandlela, uzobona, ngemininingwane eminingi, ukuthi ungasifunda kanjani isimo sediski, ukuthi kusho ukuthini amapharamitha ayo e-SMART, ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezibonisa ukwehluleka, nokuthi yimaphi amathuluzi atholakala ku-Windows, macOS, kanye ne-Linux, kufaka phakathi kokubili izinsiza ezakhelwe ngaphakathi kanye nezinhlelo zangaphandle ezifana ne-CrystalDiskInfo noma i-smartmontools. Umgomo uwukuthi uqedele lesi sihloko wazi ukuthi ungayibona kanjani idiski ehlulekayo ngaphambi kokuba sekwephuze kakhulu.

Kungani kubaluleke kangaka ukuhlola impilo yediski?

I-hard drive noma i-SSD ayigcini nje ngokugcina amadokhumenti akho, iqukethe nohlelo lokusebenza, izinhlelo, imidlalo, kanye nedatha yomsebenzi evame ukuba bucayi ; uma i-drive ihluleka ngokuzumayo, ikhompyutha ingase ingasebenzi, futhi ukubuyisa amafayela kudiski kuzoba yinkimbinkimbi futhi kubize kakhulu, uma kungenzeka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke amayunithi okugcina anempilo elinganiselwe : kuma-HDD omshini, ngokuvamile kuba amahora ambalwa okusebenza angamashumi ezinkulungwane, kuyilapho kuma-SSD umkhawulo ulinganiswa nge-TBW (ebhalwe yiTeraBytes) ngaphambi kokuba amaseli enkumbulo aqale ukwehluleka.

Esinye isici esibalulekile ukuthi ukuwohloka kwediski kuvame ukungabi nalutho ; imikhakha emibi, amaphutha okufunda, noma izinkinga zokushisa zinganqwabelana izinyanga ngaphandle kokuthi uqaphele noma yini engathí sina… kuze kube yilapho ngolunye usuku uhlelo luyeka ukuqala noma amafayela akho ebonakala onakele.

Ezindaweni zobungcweti (amaseva, i-NAS, izindawo zokusebenza ezibalulekile) isimo sibi kakhulu, ngoba ukwehluleka kwediski ngokuzumayo kunganciphisa izinsizakalo, kunqamule ukufinyelela kolwazi olubucayi, futhi kubangele ukulahlekelwa kwezezimali , ukuphazamiseka kwebhizinisi, ngisho nezinkinga zedumela lenkampani.

Izimpawu zokuthi i-hard drive noma i-SSD yakho kungenzeka ukuthi ayisebenzi kahle

Ngaphambi kokuqhubekela kumathuluzi, kufanelekile ukwazi izimpawu ezivamile ze-hard drive embi , ngoba ngokuvamile umsebenzisi wokugcina uba ngowokuqala ukubona into engavamile ngenkathi esebenzisa ikhompyutha nsuku zonke.

Isibonakaliso esivame kakhulu ukusebenza okuhamba kancane ngendlela engavamile : uhlelo luthatha isikhathi eside ukuqala, ukuvula amafolda noma ukulayisha izinhlelo zokusebenza, noma uqaphela ukuthi konke kuyanqamuka yize ukusetshenziswa kwe-CPU ne-RAM kubonakala kungaphakeme.

Kukhona nezimpawu ezinkulu kakhulu, njengokuphahlazeka okungahleliwe, ukuvala okungalindelekile, izikrini eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ku-Windows , noma ukuqala kabusha okuzenzakalelayo ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, okuvame ukubangelwa amaphutha okufunda emikhakheni yamadiski lapho kuhlala khona amafayela esistimu.

Kuma-HDD omshini, kuyalulekwa ukunaka imisindo engavamile: ukuchofoza, ukuthepha, noma imisindo ekhalayo ; le misindo ingabonisa izinkinga nge-spindle, ama-plate, noma ikhanda lokufunda, futhi ngokuvamile iyisibonakaliso esibi uma iphindaphindwa njalo.

Esinye isibonakaliso esibalulekile sesixwayiso ukonakala kwamafayela namafolda : amadokhumenti angavuleki ngokuzumayo, izithombe ezonakele, amaphutha lapho kukopishwa idatha, noma imiyalezo yesistimu isixwayiso ngamaphutha ediski, imikhakha emibi, noma izakhiwo zesistimu yamafayela ezonakele.

Okokugcina, kunezimpawu ezicacile zomzimba noma ezinengqondo, njengokushisa ngokweqile kweyunithi, imiyalezo yamaphutha ye-BIOS/UEFI lapho iqalisa, amadiski anyamalala ohlelweni noma angavumeli ngisho nohlelo lokusebenza ukuthi luqale.

Kuyini i-SMART futhi kungani kuyisisekelo sokufunda impilo yediski?

Zonke izidrayivu eziqinile zesimanje, zombili ama-HDD ajwayelekile nama-SSD kanye nezidrayivu ze-NVMe , zihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obubizwa ngokuthi i-SMART (Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology) obusebenza njengohlobo "lwebhokisi elimnyama" ledrayivu.

I-SMART iqapha ngaphakathi amapharamitha amaningi ahlobene nokuthembeka kwediski : isivinini sokujikeleza, amaphutha okufunda/ukubhala, imikhakha enikezwe kabusha, izikhathi zokujikeleza, amaphutha e-CRC ku-interface, izinga lokushisa, amahora okusebenza, inani lokuvuselelwa kwamandla, njll.

Ngayinye yalezi zimfanelo inezinhlobo eziningi ezibhekwa njengezivamile ; uma noma iyiphi ipharamitha iwela ngale mingcele, i-SMART iyiphawula njengenkinga engaba khona futhi i-firmware yediski ingazisa uhlelo lokusebenza ukuthi lubonise izexwayiso noma luqalise ukuhlolwa kwedrayivu.

Inhloso ye-SMART ukukuxwayisa kusengaphambili ukuthi idrayivu ingase yehluleke ukuze ukwazi ukwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yedatha yakho bese uyishintsha ngaphambi kokuba ushiywe ungenalutho; ukunganaki lezi zixwayiso kuvame ukuholela ekulahlekelweni kwedatha kanye namadrayivu angathunyelwa kuphela ezinkampanini zochwepheshe zokutakula.

Ukuze usebenzise i-SMART, i-BIOS noma i-UEFI yekhompyutha yakho kumele isebenze, futhi uhlelo lokusebenza noma amathuluzi okuqapha kumele akwazi ukufunda izimfanelo ; kulezi zinsuku, cishe wonke ama-PC, amaseva, namadivayisi e-NAS ayahambisana.

Indlela yokufunda impilo yediski nge-CrystalDiskInfo

Enye yezindlela ezilula nezibonakalayo kakhulu zokuhlola impilo yediski ku-Windows ukusebenzisa i-CrystalDiskInfo, uhlelo lokusebenza lwamahhala noluvulekile olubonisa ngokucacile isimo se-SMART sama-drive.

Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukulanda i-CrystalDiskInfo kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-CrystalMark ; kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe inguqulo eyisisekelo, ngaphandle kwemihlobiso noma izengezo ezingavamile, futhi uma kungenzeka uhlelo "oluphathekayo" olungadingi ukufakwa.

Ngemva kokulanda ifayela le-.exe, ungayisebenzisa ngqo inguqulo ephathekayo noma uyifake uma ukhethe isifaki sakudala ; kunoma yikuphi, uhlelo luzocela izimvume zomlawuli okokuqala ukuze lufinyelele ulwazi lwedrayivu.

Uma uvula i-CrystalDiskInfo, uhlelo lokusebenza luhlaziya ngokuzenzakalelayo amadiski akhona ohlelweni futhi lukukhombisa ibhokisi eliyinhloko eline-"Isimo Sempilo" kanye nokushisa kwedrayivu ekhethiwe ; uma konke kuhamba kahle, uzobona isimo esithi "Kuhle" ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Uma idiski ingaphelele, i-CrystalDiskInfo izobonisa iphesenti lempilo futhi ingashintsha umbala wesimo ube ophuzi (Isexwayiso) noma obomvu (Okubi) , okubonisa izinkinga ezinkulu nokuthi kufanele wenze ikhophi yedatha yakho bese ucabanga ngokuyishintsha ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ngaphansi kwesimo kanye nezinga lokushisa, ithuluzi linikeza ithebula eliphelele elinazo zonke izimfanelo ze-SMART : imikhakha enikezwe kabusha, amaphutha okufunda, inani lemicimbi yokunikezwa kabusha, imikhakha elindile, amaphutha angalungiseki, izinga lamaphutha okufuna, njll.

Ngakwesokudla uzobona idatha efana ne -firmware yediski, inombolo ye-serial, isikhombimsebenzisi, izinga elisekelwayo, izici ezisebenzayo (kufaka phakathi i-SMART), inani lamandla kanye namahora okusebenza , kanye nokufunda nokubhala izibalo uma kwenzeka kuma-SSD.

I-CrystalDiskInfo ikuvumela futhi ukuthi ulungiselele izexwayiso zokushisa kanye nempilo : ungalungisa imingcele ngendlela oyithandayo, ukuze kuthi lapho idiski ishisa kakhulu noma impilo iwele ngaphansi kwenani elithile, iWindows ibonise isexwayiso noma imisindo yesaziso.

Kusukela kumenyu ethi Umsebenzi ungenza ngokwezifiso imvamisa yokubuyekezwa kwedatha, ukuhlanganiswa kwethreyi yesistimu, itimu ebonakalayo, usayizi wefonti, futhi ufihle nenombolo ye-serial uma ufuna ukwabelana ngezithombe-skrini ngaphandle kokudalula lolo lwazi.

Ezinye izinhlelo zokuqapha amadiski kanye nezinye izindlela ezingasetshenziswa esikhundleni se-CrystalDiskInfo

Nakuba i-CrystalDiskInfo ingenye yezinketho ezithandwa kakhulu, kunezinye izindlela eziningi zokuhlaziya impilo ye-hard drive , kokubili mahhala nakhokhelwayo, kanye nezinguqulo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene.

Kuhlelo lwe-Windows ungathola izinsiza ezifana ne -HDDScan, i-DiskCheckup noma i-GSmartControl , ezinikeza ukufundwa kwe-SMART okuthuthukisiwe, ukuhlolwa kwendawo, ukuqapha izinga lokushisa kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemibiko eningiliziwe yochwepheshe.

I-macOS inikeza izixazululo ezifana ne -iStat Menus , ekwazi ukubonisa amazinga okushisa esikhathi sangempela, izimo ze-SMART, kanye nezinye izinhlaka zokusebenza, ezihlanganiswa kubha yemenyu ukuze kugcinwe konke kubonakala kalula.

Amasudi amaningi okuphepha nokulungisa afaka amamojula aqondene nediski; isibonelo, amanye amathuluzi okulungisa i-antivirus kanye nesistimu ahlanganisa iziqaphi zezempilo ze-HDD/SSD ezihlola i-SMART, zithole imikhakha emibi, futhi zisize ngisho nokuhlela ukuqhekeka noma ukwenza ngcono.

Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi alukho uhlelo lwesimangaliso oluzolungisa umonakalo omkhulu ongokwenyama kudiski ; lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ziwusizo njengezinhlelo zokuxwayisa nokuxilonga, kodwa uma i-SMART ibonisa izinkinga ezinkulu, okubalulekile kufanele kube ukulondoloza idatha nokulungisa idiski noma ukufaka esikhundleni sedrayivu.

Ukuhlola impilo yediski ku-Windows (SMART, CHKDSK kanye ne-BIOS)

Ngaphandle kokufaka noma yini eyengeziwe, i-Windows isivele inikeza izindlela eziningana zokuhlola isimo se-SMART esiyisisekelo nokuhlaziya ubuso bediski enengqondo , kokubili nge-interface yesithombe kanye namathuluzi omugqa womyalo.

Ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa okusheshayo, ungavula i-Command Prompt (cmd) njengomlawuli bese usebenzisa umyalo othi wmic diskdrive get status, ozofunda isimo se-SMART bese ubuyisela u-"OK" uma idiski ingaphakathi kwamapharamitha ajwayelekile noma ethi "Pred Fail" lapho kutholwa ingozi yokwehluleka eseduze.

Uma umphumela uthi "KULUNGILE", ngokomthetho akukho saziso sokwehluleka okusheshayo , yize kusanconywa ukwenza ukulungiswa nokusekela ngezikhathi ezithile; uma kuvela i-"Pred Fail", kufanele ucabange ukuthi iyunithi ingase ihluleke nganoma yisiphi isikhathi bese uthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha.

Elinye ithuluzi le-Windows elivamile yi -CHKDSK (Check Disk) , elihlola ubuqotho besistimu yamafayela, libheke imikhakha emibi enengqondo, futhi uma liyaliwe, lizama ukulungisa amaphutha esakhiweni sedatha se-partition.

Ukuze uyiqalise, vula i-cmd futhi njengomlawuli bese usebenzisa i-chkdsk /f kudrayivu ofuna ukuyihlaziya ; kudiski yesistimu ivame ukucela imvume yokwenza kanjalo ekuqaleni kabusha okulandelayo, futhi kubalulekile ukungaphazamisi inqubo ngoba umbiko wokugcina ukhombisa ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezitholakele futhi zalungiswa.

Abanye abakhiqizi, njenge-HP, bafaka izinsiza zabo (i-HP Support Assistant, i-Dell Support, njll.) ezinikeza ukuhlolwa kwehadiwe ethile yediski , njengokuhlolwa kokufunda, ukuhlolwa kwendawo, noma ukuxilongwa okuphelele ngokuchofoza okukodwa.

Uma ukhululekile ukuqala kabusha ikhompyutha yakho, ungangena futhi ku-BIOS/UEFI bese ubheka izinketho zokuxilonga idiski ; amakhompyutha amaningi anamuhla akuvumela ukuthi wenze isivivinyo esisheshayo noma esinwetshiwe kuma-drive axhunyiwe kusuka lapho.

Ungahlola kanjani impilo yediski ku-macOS

Kuma-Mac, ithuluzi elijwayelekile lokuhlola nokulungisa amadiski yi-Disk Utility , efika ifakwe kusengaphambili ohlelweni futhi ikuvumela ukuthi uhlole uhlelo lwefayela futhi ufunde isimo se-SMART sama-drive angaphakathi.

Ukuze uyisebenzise, ​​iya ku-Applications > Utilities bese uvula i-Disk Utility, khetha idiski ebonakalayo kuphaneli yesobunxele (hhayi nje ukwahlukanisa) bese ubheka ulwazi oluvela phansi kwefasitela.

Kulelo rekhodi uzobona umphumela wokuhlolwa kwe-SMART ngaphansi kwensimu ebizwa ngokuthi “Isimo se-SMART”; uma ikhomba ukuthi “Kuqinisekisiwe”, uhlelo lubheka ukuthi iyunithi isesimweni esihle, kanti isimo esithi “Yehlulekile” noma imiyalezo enamagama anjengokuthi “kufa” noma “iphutha” kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi kufanele wenze ikhophi yasenqolobaneni ngokushesha okukhulu.

Kusukela kuthuluzi elifanayo ungasebenzisa i-First Aid ukuzama ukulungisa amaphutha anengqondo ohlelweni lwamafayela , okuwusizo kakhulu uma ubona izinkinga zokufaka amavolumu, ukuhamba kancane lapho ufinyelela amafolda noma ukuvalwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza okungalindelekile.

Nakuba i-Disk Utility inikeza umbono ocacile, uma ufuna ukuya phambili kunezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-macOS ezandisa ulwazi lwe-SMART, ziqopha izinga lokushisa kanye nokusebenza, futhi zibonise amagrafu omlando , awusizo kakhulu ekuqapheni isikhathi eside.

Indlela yokufunda impilo yediski ku-Linux usebenzisa i-smartmontools

Ezindaweni ze-Linux ne-Unix, ireferensi yokusebenza ne-SMART yiphakheji ye -smartmontools, ehlanganisa i-smartctl (yokusetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezithile) kanye ne-smartd (monitoring daemon) utilities , etholakala cishe kuzo zonke izabelo.

Ku-Debian, Ubuntu kanye nama-derivatives ungayifaka nge -sudo apt install smartmontools , kanti kwezinye izindawo zokusabalalisa uzosebenzisa umphathi wephakheji ohambisanayo (yum, dnf, pacman, zypper, njll.); ikhona futhi ezinhlelweni zohlobo lwe-BSD.

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izivivinyo, kungumqondo omuhle ukwazi ukuthi yimaphi amadiski onawo nokuthi atholakala kuphi, into ongayibona ngemiyalo efana ne -df -ho sudo fdisk -l , ebala amadrayivu nama-partition atholakalayo ohlelweni lwakho.

I-SMART iphathwa njalo ezingeni lediski elingokoqobo, ngakho-ke uzosebenza ngezindlela ezifana ne- /dev/sda, /dev/sdb, /dev/nvme0n1, njll. , hhayi ngama-partitions afana ne-/dev/sda1, /dev/sda2, njll.; lokhu kuyimininingwane ebalulekile ukuze imiyalo isebenze kahle.

Ukuze uhlole ukuthi idrayivu iyayisekela yini i-SMART nokuthi ivuliwe, ungasebenzisa i -`sudo smartctl -i /dev/sda` ; uma ukwesekwa kutholakala kodwa kukhutshaziwe, ungakunika amandla nge -`sudo smartctl -s ku-/dev/sda` ukuze uqale ukubhalisa izimfanelo.

Ukusebenzisa i-`sudo smartctl -a /dev/sda` kuzokunikeza umbiko ophelele kakhulu onazo zonke izimfanelo ze-SMART, amanani amanje, imikhawulo, ukubalwa okungavuthiwe, kanye namalogi emicimbi; lokhu okukhiphayo yilokho ovame ukukuhlola uma ufuna ukwenza ukuxilongwa okujulile.

I-Smartctl ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlolwa kwangaphakathi : okufushane nokude; okokuqala kusebenza ngemizuzu embalwa futhi kusetshenziselwa ukuthola izinkinga eziyisisekelo, kanti okwesibili kungathatha isikhathi eside ngoba kuskena yonke indawo yedrayivu.

Ukuze uqale isivivinyo esifushane ungasebenzisa i-`sudo smartctl -t short /dev/sda` , kanye ne- `sudo smartctl -t long /dev/sda` ; uma isiqediwe, imiphumela ingahlolwa nge -`sudo smartctl -H /dev/sda` noma ngokubukeza umbiko ogcwele futhi nge-`-a`.

Kumaseva e-Linux namadivayisi e-NAS, kuvamile ukuhlela lezi zivivinyo nge-cron, ukuze izivivinyo ezimfushane ziqhutshwe, isibonelo, kanye ngesonto, kanye nezivivinyo ezinde kanye ngenyanga , njalo ngezikhathi ezingezona ezesikhathi esimatasa ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela ekusebenzeni.

Izici ze-SMART ezibaluleke kakhulu lapho kuhlolwa i-hard drive

Uma uqala ukufunda imibiko ye-SMART, uzothola amathebula agcwele amagama nezinombolo ezingase zesabise kancane , kodwa empeleni kunezimfanelo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile okufanele uzinake ngokukhethekile.

Enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu yi -Reallocated_Sector_Ct (inani le-reallocated sector) , ekhombisa ukuthi zingaki izinhlaka ezimbi ezithuthelwe ezindaweni ezigciniwe zediski; inani elingelona u-zero aliyona inhlekelele ngokuzenzakalelayo, kodwa uma likhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngokuvamile liwuphawu olubi.

Okunye okubalulekile yi -Reallocated_Event_Count, ekhombisa inani eliphelele lemicimbi yokwabiwa kabusha (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iphumelele noma cha); ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwalesi khawunta kusikisela ukuthi ubuso bediski buqala ukudamba.

Isici se-Current_Pending_Sector sibonisa ukuthi zingaki izinhlaka ezisalinde ukuthunyelwa kabusha ; lezi yizinhlaka ezibangele izinkinga ekufundeni noma ekubhaleni nokuthi idiski iyaqapha, ilinde ukunquma ukuthi zingabuyiselwa noma kufanele zithunyelwe kabusha.

Enye insimu okufanele uyibuke yi -Offline_Uncorrectable, ebala amaphutha angalungiseki ekusebenzeni okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi; inombolo ephezulu isho ukuthi kunezindawo zediski ezingasakwazi ukufinyelelwa ngokuthembekile, futhi lokho kuthinta ngqo idatha yakho.

Kuma-HDD omshini, izimfanelo ezifana ne -Spin_Retry_Count (imizamo yokuqalisa i-spin) noma i-Multi_Zone_Error_Rate (amaphutha ngesikhathi sokubhala ezindaweni ezahlukene) zisiza ekutholeni izinkinga ku-motor noma kuma-read head ngaphambi kokuba ukwehluleka kube unomphela.

I-NAS namaseva: qapha amadiski ku-QNAP, i-Synology nabanye

Ezweni lamaseva e-NAS (i-QNAP, i-Synology, i-ASUSTOR, njll.), abakhiqizi bavame ukuhlanganisa izinhlelo zokuhlola impilo yediski ngokuzenzakalelayo , ezitholakala ku-interface yewebhu ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-terminal.

Ku-QNAP, isibonelo, ungaya ku- "Storage & Snapshots" bese uya ku-"Storage / Disks" ukuze ubone isifinyezo sesimo sawo wonke ama-drive, ngolwazi mayelana nokushisa, impilo iyonke, kanye nezaziso ze-SMART.

Uma uya kunketho ethi "Isimo Sediski" , ungakhetha idrayivu ngayinye ukuze ubone isimo sayo esinemininingwane , wenze izivivinyo ezisheshayo noma ezigcwele, bese uhlela ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwansuku zonke, kwamasonto onke, noma kwanyanga zonke ngesikhathi esikufanele kakhulu.

Ku-Synology, indlela iholela esigabeni se-Storage Manager, i-HDD/SSD , lapho ungakhetha khona idiski ngayinye ukuze ubuke idatha efana nokushisa, isikhathi sokuvula kanye nesimo sempilo esinikezwa uhlelo kudrayivu.

Kulezi zinhlobo zezindawo, ngaphezu kokuqapha amadiski ngamanye, kuyalulekwa ukuhlola njalo isimo se-RAID noma ichibi lokugcina idatha , ngoba ukwehluleka okuningi kokucushwa okufana ne-RAID 0 kungabangela ukulahlekelwa kwedatha okuphelele.

Abaphathi be-NAS bavame ukwengeza lokhu kuhlola ngamasu okusekelayo kanye nokulungiselelwa kwe-RAID okufanele (i-RAID 1, 5, 6, 10, i-ZFS enokuphindaphinda, njll.), ukuze ukwehluleka kwediski kungasho ngokuzenzakalelayo ukulahleka kolwazi.

Indlela yokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwama-hard drive akho

Nakuba kungekho hard drive ehlala phakade, ungasebenzisa uchungechunge lwemikhuba ukunciphisa ingozi yokwehluleka kusenesikhathi futhi wandise isikhathi sokuphila sama-HDD nama-SSD kuze kube sezingeni eliphezulu , ikakhulukazi uma usebenza nawo amahora amaningi.

Uma kwenzeka ama-mechanical drive, kubalulekile ukugwema ukushaqeka, ukudlidliza okunamandla, kanye nokunyakaza okungazelelwe ngenkathi i-drive isebenza; ukushaya ngesikhathi esingafanele kungalimaza ama-plate noma ama-readhead.

Ukupholisa kuyiphuzu elibalulekile: qiniseka ukuthi i-PC case yakho noma i-server chassis inomoya omuhle , ukuthi amafeni asebenza kahle, nokuthi akukho uthuli olunqwabelanayo oluvimba ama-inlets nama-outlet.

Uma usebenzisa ikhompyutha emidlalweni noma emisebenzini esindayo amahora amaningi, kungaba ngumqondo omuhle ukutshala imali ebhokisini elinomoya ongcono, amafeni engeziwe, noma ngisho nezixazululo ezithile zokupholisa ukuze kugcinwe amazinga okushisa elawulwa.

Ezingeni lesofthiwe, ku-Windows kuyalulekwa ukuhlela ukuhlukaniswa kanye nokwenza ngcono kwama-drive (ukuhlukaniswa kwakudala kuma-HDD, ukulungiswa kwe-TRIM kuma-SSD) ukuze kusebenze ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngaleyo ndlela kugcinwe ukusebenza futhi kuncishiswe ukucindezeleka kokufinyelela kuma-disk.

Kunoma ikuphi, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukungathembeli ngokuphelele "empilweni" ebonakalayo yediski ukuze uvikeleke : noma ngabe i-SMART ithi konke kuphelele, kungahlala kukhona ukwehluleka okungazelelwe, ngakho-ke ukwenza amakhophi avamile (Umlando Wefayela, Umshini Wesikhathi, amakhophi asekelwe ku-NAS noma efwini, njll.) kuyimpoqo.

Okokugcina, uma sekuyisikhathi sokuthuthukisa ihadiwe yakho, kufanelekile ukukhetha ama-hard drive avela kumikhiqizo edumile, afanele ukusetshenziswa ozowanikeza wona (isibonelo, amamodeli athile e-NAS, okuqapha noma okusetshenziswa kakhulu kumaseva) kanye nemininingwane yokuqina ecacile.

Ukuqonda ukuthi i-SMART isebenza kanjani, ukwazi ukuhumusha amapharamitha ayisihluthulelo, nokusebenzisa amathuluzi afana ne-CrystalDiskInfo, i-smartmontools, i-Disk Utility, noma amaphaneli akho okuphatha i-NAS kukubeka esimweni esingcono kakhulu sokubona ukuthi idiski iqala nini ukuba nezinkinga, ukuvikela idatha yakho ngama-backups, nokuhlela ukushintshwa kwehadiwe ngaphandle kokulinda inhlekelele.