- Ama-NVMe SSD asebenzisa i-PCIe kanye nephrothokholi ye-NVMe ukuze alethe isivinini esisheshayo kakhulu, ukubambezeleka okuphansi, kanye nokufana okukhulu kune-SATA SSD.
- Ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke, ukuthuthuka kwe-NVMe kune-SATA kubonakala kumakhophi amakhulu, ukuhlela amavidiyo, kanye nemithwalo yemisebenzi esindayo, kodwa akumangalisi kangako kunokugxuma kusuka ku-HDD kuya ku-SSD.
- Ukuhambisana nezikhala ze-M.2 PCIe kanye nesabelomali yikho okukhethayo: I-SATA isalokhu iyinketho evumelekile kakhulu, kuyilapho i-NVMe iyisinqumo esifanele sokusebenza kanye nokuvikela ikusasa.
- Inhlanganisela ye-NVMe njengedrayivu eyinhloko kanye ne-SATA SSD njengesitoreji sesibili inikeza ibhalansi efanele phakathi kwesivinini, umthamo, kanye nezindleko.
Uma ucabanga ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-PC yakho, ngokushesha noma kamuva uzohlangana nenkinga yakudala: Ama-NVMe SSD uma kuqhathaniswa nama-SATA SSD . Ephepheni, umehluko ezibalweni zokusebenza mkhulu kakhulu, kodwa ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke, umehluko awubonakali ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi yilapho kuphakama khona ukungabaza: Ingabe kufanelekile ukusebenzisa imali eningi? Ingabe ikhompyutha yakho izoshesha kakhulu ngempela? Ingabe yenza indinganiso ye-SATA ingasebenzi?
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvamile ukuthi umuntu osevele ene-SATA SSD (isibonelo, i- Samsung 860 EVO ) azibuze ukuthi ukufaka i-NVMe M.2 endaweni yokugcina yebhodi lomama kuzonikeza yini intuthuko efanayo abayithola lapho beshintsha kusuka ku-hard drive yomshini kuya ku-SSD. Umehluko phakathi kwama-HDD nama-SSD wawumkhulu kakhulu , kodwa umehluko phakathi kwama-SATA SSD nama-NVMe SSD awucacile njalo. Ake sihlukanise lokhu kuqhathanisa ngokucophelela, ngedatha nezibonelo zangempela.
Iyini ngempela i-SATA SSD kanye ne-NVMe SSD?
Kubalulekile ukucacisa imiqondo eyisisekelo ngaphambi kokuhlola ama-benchmarks kanye nezibonelo ezisebenzayo. Ama-SATA nama-NVMe SSD womabili angama-solid-state drive, okusho ukuthi agcina idatha ku-NAND flash memory futhi awanazo izingxenye zemishini ezijikelezayo njengama-HDD endabuko.
Kalula nje, i-SATA SSD iyifomethi ye-SSD "yakudala" . Isebenzisa isikhombimsebenzisi se-Serial ATA (ngokuvamile i-SATA III ku-6 Gbps) futhi ngokuvamile iza ngesimo se-2,5-intshi, esifana ne-hard drive ye-laptop. Ama-SATA SSD nawo akhona ku-M.2 form factor, kodwa ngaphakathi asakhawulelwe yi-protocol ye-SATA.
I-NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express) SSD nayo iyi-SSD, kodwa esikhundleni sedrayivu ngokwayo, ibhekisela kusethi yamaphrothokholi kanye nezixhumi eziklanyelwe kusukela phansi ukuze kutholakale inkumbulo ye-flash . Lawa madrayivu avame ukuxhuma nge- PCI Express (PCIe) , abelana ngomzila wesivinini esikhulu osetshenziswa yizingxenye ezifana nekhadi lehluzo.
Umehluko oyinhloko ukuthi i-SATA yenzelwe ama-hard drive omshini , kuyilapho i-NVMe yenzelwe ngqo ama-SSD ukuze kwandiswe amandla awo. Lokhu kunomthelela oqondile esivinini, ukubambezeleka, ukufana, kanye nokukhula.
Umehluko obalulekile wezobuchwepheshe: isikhombikubona, isivinini, kanye nokubambezeleka
Ngokuqhathanisa ubuchwepheshe kuphela, i-NVMe isezingeni elihlukile kune-SATA . Ukulinganiselwa kwebhasi ledatha kanye nephrothokholi kwenza umehluko omkhulu, yize kuzodingeka sibone ukuthi lokhu kuhunyushwa kanjani ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela.
I-interface ye-SATA III inomkhawulo we-6 Gbps, okuhunyushwa ngokusebenza njengesivinini sokufunda nokubhala esilandelanayo esingu-500-550 MB/s . Eqinisweni, ama-drive amaningi afana ne-Samsung 860 EVO afinyelela cishe ku-450-500 MB/s ekuhlolweni kwangempela, angafinyeleli ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu, kodwa asondele kakhulu kuwo.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-NVMe SSD isebenzisa imizila ye-PCIe. Nge-PCIe 3.0 x4, isivinini esiphakathi kuka-2000 no-3500 MB/s sivamile , kuyilapho i-PCIe 4.0 ifinyelela ku-7000 MB/s noma ngaphezulu kumamodeli aphezulu. I-PCIe 5.0 iyaqhubeka nokudlula, iphinda kabili i-bandwidth etholakalayo futhi ngesizukulwane ngasinye.
Lo mehluko ngesivinini esingavuthiwe uhambisana nokuthuthuka okukhulu ekubambezelekeni. Lapho i-SATA SSD ingathatha cishe ama-millisecond angu-0,1 ukuqedela imisebenzi ethile, idrayivu ye-NVMe ingase yehle iye kuma-microsecond (0,001 ms noma ngaphansi) . Ngeke uwubone lo mehluko ekusebenzeni okukodwa okuhlukanisiwe, kodwa lapho izinkulungwane zemisebenzi yokufaka/yokukhipha (I/O) ziqoqana, ukuqina kwesistimu kuyaphawuleka.
Elinye iphuzu lobuchwepheshe elibaluleke kakhulu ukuhambisana . I-SATA isekela ulayini wezicelo ze-I/O ezingu-32, kuyilapho iphrothokholi ye-NVMe ivumela ulayini ofika ku-64.000 onemiyalo engu-64.000 ngamunye. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-NVMe SSD ingaphatha inani elikhulu lemisebenzi ngesikhathi esisodwa ngempumelelo enkulu.
Ububanzi kanye nokukhula: kungani i-PCIe yenza umehluko
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-PCI Express akusho nje kuphela isivinini esiphezulu, kodwa futhi ne-bandwidth enwebekayo kakhulu . Umzila ngamunye we-PCIe uphethe inani elithile ledatha ngomzuzwana, futhi amadrayivu e-NVMe ngokuvamile asebenzisa ukucushwa kwe-x2 noma i-x4 kuma-desktop nama-laptop anamuhla.
Ngesizukulwane ngasinye esisha se-PCIe, i-bandwidth icishe iphindwe kabili . Ngakho-ke, idrayivu ye-NVMe PCIe 3.0 x4 ibona umlandeli wayo we-PCIe 4.0 x4 cishe ephinda kabili i-bandwidth yayo, ngaphandle kokushintsha isikhombikubona somzimba noma i-M.2 form factor. Lokhu kunikeza indawo yokuthuthukisa ezizukulwaneni ze-SSD ezizayo ngaphandle kokudinga ukuchaza kabusha indinganiso kusukela ekuqaleni.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, indinganiso ye-SATA III izinzile ngokuphelele: i-6 Gbps iyisicaba sayo, futhi ngeke ikhuphuke kakhulu . Ngisho noma kuvela amadrayivu amasha e-SATA, awakwazi ukudlula lowo mkhawulo; angathuthuka kuphela kwezinye izici njengokuthembeka, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, noma ukuqina, kodwa hhayi ngesivinini sokufunda/ukubhala esiqhubekayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuxhumeka kwe-PCIe kuvumela ukucushwa okuguquguqukayo kakhulu ezindaweni zobungcweti: Ama-NVMe SSD angasetshenziswa ezicini ezifana ne-U.2, amakhadi e-PCIe, noma ngisho nakuma-array e-NVMe-on-Fabric (NVMe-oF), avumelana namaseva, isitoreji samafu, kanye nama-mainframes . I-SATA, okwamanje, incishiswa ibe imishini esezingeni lokuqala noma amadrayivu anomthamo ophezulu, ashibhile.
Ukufana kanye nemigqa yomyalo: isikhali esiyimfihlo se-NVMe
Enye yezinzuzo ezingabonakali kangako kodwa ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-NVMe yikhono layo lokusingatha imisebenzi ehambisanayo enobubanzi obukhulu bomugqa . Ngenkathi i-SATA ivumela izicelo ezingu-32 kuphela emgqeni owodwa, i-NVMe isekela imigqa yemiyalo efinyelela ku-64.000 enemisebenzi engu-64.000 ngamunye.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi ezindaweni ezinemisebenzi eminingi yokufunda nokubhala ngasikhathi sinye, njengezizindalwazi , imishini ebonakalayo, ukuhumusha, noma imisebenzi ye-AI/ML, i-NVMe SSD ingagcina ukugeleza kwedatha okuzinzile kakhulu ngaphandle kokuthi uhlelo lubambeke lulinde. Le protocol isebenzisa indlela yokuvota esebenza kahle kakhulu esikhundleni sokuthembela kuphela ekuphazamisekeni, okunciphisa ukubambezeleka kokuphendula.
Ngakho-ke, emisebenzini yebhizinisi kanye nesikhungo sedatha, iphrothokholi ye-NVMe isibe yindinganiso yangempela . Lokhu akubangelwa nje ijubane layo elilandelanayo, kodwa futhi nekhono layo lokusekela inani elikhulu lemisebenzi emincane ye-I/O, okuyikho kanye okugcizelela izinhlelo zokugcina ezimweni zangempela.
Lolu hlobo lokugcwala alufinyelelwa njalo kwi-PC yasekhaya, kodwa luyabonakala ekuqondeni kwesistimu lapho sivula izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, sisebenza namaphrojekthi asindayo, senza izinhlelo zibe yi-virtual, noma sihlanganisa imidlalo, ukusakaza, neminye imisebenzi ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ukusebenza kwangempela: Ingabe kuyaphawuleka njengoba besho?
Kuma-benchmark okwenziwa, ama-drive e-NVMe ayabusa. I-SATA SSD ijikeleza cishe ku-500 MB/s, kuyilapho i-NVMe drive yesimanje ingafinyelela isivinini esiphakathi kuka-2000 no-7000 MB/s—lokho kungukufinyelela okulandelanayo okusheshayo okuphindwe kahlanu kuya kweyishumi . Kodwa umbuzo wonke umuntu awubuzayo uthi: ingabe lowo mehluko uhumusha ekuthuthukisweni okufanayo okuphawulekayo ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke?
Uma siqhathanisa i-HDD ne-SSD, ukugxuma kuyamangalisa: uhlelo olwaluthatha isikhathi esingaphezu komzuzu ukuqala manje luqala ngemizuzwana, izinhlelo zivuleka cishe ngokushesha, futhi umuzwa wokuguquguquka uthuthuke kakhulu. Ukushintsha kusuka ku-HDD kuya ku-SSD kuyashintsha umdlalo.
Kodwa-ke, uma uthuthukisa kusuka ku-SATA SSD kuya ku-NVMe SSD, ulwazi luyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Isikhathi sokuqalisa uhlelo lokusebenza singase sithuthuke kancane, kodwa ngeke usuke kumasekhondi angu-30 uye ku-2; kunalokho, uzobona umehluko wemizuzwana embalwa, ngoba kokubili i-SATA ne-NVMe sezivele zishesha kakhulu ekufundeni okungahleliwe okuncane.
Umehluko ubonakala kakhulu emisebenzini efana nokukopisha noma ukuhambisa amafayela amakhulu kakhulu . Isibonelo, i-movie engu-50GB ingathatha imizuzu embalwa ukukopisha ku-SATA SSD, kuyilapho kudrayivu ye-NVMe ephakathi nendawo/ephezulu ingaqedwa ngemizuzwana engaphansi kwengu-30, uma nje lonke uchungechunge (umthombo nendawo oya kuyo) nalo lusebenza kahle.
Lokhu kuyabonakala futhi emithwalweni yephrojekthi esindayo yevidiyo, yomsindo, noma yezithombe, ekungeniseni imitapo yolwazi emikhulu, ekuhlanganisweni kwamakhodi, noma emisebenzini ehambisa njalo ama-gigabytes nama-gigabytes edatha . Kulezi zimo, isivinini esilandelanayo kanye nokuphathwa komugqa okungcono kwenza umehluko omkhulu.
Imidlalo: Ingabe i-SATA SSD ikukhawulela uma uyiqhathanisa ne-NVMe?
Enye yezingxoxo ezivame kakhulu iphathelene nokudlala imidlalo. Abasebenzisi abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi ukufaka umdlalo ku-SATA SSD esikhundleni se-NVMe drive kuzoholela ezikhathini zokulayisha ezimbi kakhulu noma ngisho ne-FPS ephansi . Impendulo eqotho iwukuthi umthelela esilinganisweni sohlaka mncane noma awukho; isitoreji sithinta kakhulu izikhathi zokulayisha kanye nokungingiza okudumile okubangelwa ukusakazwa kwedatha.
Nge-SATA SSD, usuvele ubona intuthuko enkulu kune-HDD. Amamenyu, amamephu, nezikrini zokulayisha kuncishisiwe kakhulu. Ukushintshela ku-NVMe kunganciphisa imizuzwana embalwa kweminye imidlalo yesimanje , ikakhulukazi emazweni avulekile adinga kakhulu ukulayisha ukwakheka nedatha njalo, kodwa intuthuko ngokuvamile ayiyona into enkulu njengoba izibalo zesivinini ezingavuthiwe zisikisela.
Kwezinye izihloko ezilungiselelwe ukusizakala kangcono ngesitoreji esisheshayo (ikakhulukazi esizukulwaneni esisha sama-consoles kanye nama-PC afana nawo), idrayivu enhle ye-NVMe inganciphisa kakhulu izikhathi zokulayisha futhi isheleleze ukusakazwa kwe-scene . Kodwa-ke, namuhla, i-SATA SSD esezingeni eliphezulu "ayiphazamisi" isipiliyoni sokudlala noma ibangele izithiyo zokusebenza ezimbi kakhulu.
Uma usuvele uthenge i-2TB SATA SSD ngentengo enhle futhi udlala ku-1080p noma ku-1440p nge-GPU yesimanje, okuzokwenza umehluko ekuhlangenwe nakho kwakho kokudlala ngokuyinhloko ikhadi lehluzo, iprosesa, kanye nenani le-RAM . Ukuthuthukela ku-NVMe kuyintuthuko enhle, kodwa akubalulekile uma uvela kudrayivu ye-SATA enekhono.
Ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi, ukuhlela amavidiyo, kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo osindayo
Uma usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe noma ngendlela ethuthukisiwe, i-NVMe inenzuzo enkulu. Uma usebenza nokuhlela ividiyo ye-4K noma ye-8K, amaphrojekthi amakhulu omsindo we-multitrack, noma imitapo yolwazi eminingi yezithombe , isivinini sokufunda nokubhala esilandelanayo nesingahleliwe sedrayivu ye-NVMe senza umehluko omkhulu.
Uma kudlala ividiyo enesinqumo esiphezulu kakhulu ngqo kusuka kudrayivu, i-SATA SSD ingafinyelela imikhawulo yayo futhi ibangele ukungingiza okuncane uma izinga ledatha liphezulu kakhulu futhi lihlanganiswe neminye imisebenzi ehambisanayo. Idrayivu ye-NVMe, ngenxa yobubanzi bayo obukhulu, iphatha ukufundwa okuqhubekayo kwamafayela amakhulu ngokushelela kakhulu.
Ekwenzeni imisebenzi eminingi enzima, lapho izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezisindayo zivuliwe, imishini ebonakalayo, iziphequluli ezigcwele amathebhu, kanye nokudluliswa kwamafayela angemuva, izikhathi zokufinyelela ezisheshayo ze-NVMe kanye nomthamo we-I/O ophakeme ngasikhathi sinye kusiza uhlelo ukuthi luzizwe "lushesha kakhulu," ngaphandle kokungingiza okuncane noma ukuminyana kwesikhashana.
Ngemisebenzi ye-AI, yokufunda komshini, noma yokuhlaziya idatha, lapho ulwazi oluningi namamodeli kuvame ukufakwa kwimemori, i-NVMe ifanelana kahle nezidingo zamanje . Eqinisweni, iphrothokholi ye-NVMe yakhiwe ngokuhambisana nalezi zobuchwepheshe ukuze imboze lezi zinhlobo zezimo.
Ukuhambisana: Ungakwazi yini ukufaka idrayivu ye-NVMe kukhompyutha yakho?
Ngaphambi kokuphuthuma uyothenga i-NVMe SSD, kufanele uhlole ukuthi ibhodi lakho lomama noma i-laptop liyalusekela ngempela lolu hlobo lwedrayivu . Amakhompyutha amaningi eminyaka emi-5-7 edlule afaka i-M.2 slot, kodwa akuzona zonke i-M.2 slots ezidalwe zilingana.
Ezinye izikhala ze-M.2 zisekela amadrayivu e-SATA kuphela; okungukuthi, afana ngokoqobo nedrayivu ye-NVMe kodwa ngaphakathi zisebenza njenge-SATA SSD futhi zikhawulelwe cishe ku-550 MB/s. Ukuze kuzuze i-NVMe, isikhala sidinga ukusekela ngokucacile i-PCIe/NVMe. Lokhu kuvame ukukhonjiswa kuzincazelo zebhodi lomama noma i-laptop.
Kumadivayisi amadala anezixhumi ze-SATA kuphela, akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa i-NVMe M.2 SSD ngoba azikho imigwaqo ye-PCIe exhunywe kuleyo ndawo. Kulezo zimo, ukuthuthukiswa okungcono kakhulu kusalokhu ukufaka i-SATA SSD engu-2,5-intshi, okuvele kuyisinyathelo esikhulu kusukela ku-HDD.
Nokho, ezinhlelweni zesimanje, i-NVMe isebenza kahle nazo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza zamanje (i-Windows, i-Linux, i-macOS kumadivayisi ahambisanayo, ama-consoles esizukulwane esilandelayo, njll.). Kuyisinqumo esingokwemvelo uma ihadiwe yakho ivumela lokho, kungaba ukusetshenziswa ekhaya, kobungcweti, noma kwezemidlalo.
Izindleko: intengo nge-GB ngayinye kanye nenani lemali
Ngokuphathelene nezindleko, ama-SATA SSD ngokuvamile asashibhile kune-NVMe, ikakhulukazi uma esezingeni eliphezulu. I-SATA SSD engu-2,5-intshi, engu-1TB evela kumkhiqizo odumile ingatholakala ngentengo efanelekile, kuyilapho inguqulo ye-NVMe enezincazelo ezifanayo ivame ukubiza kakhulu.
Nokho, ukuthandwa okwandayo kwe-NVMe kuye kwehlisa amanani, futhi namuhla umehluko wezindleko nge-GB awusabalulekile njengoba wawunjalo eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi zemikhiqizo, igebe lentengo phakathi kwedrayivu ye-SATA engu-1 TB noma engu-2 TB kanye nedrayivu ye-NVMe lincane uma ubheka ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza.
Emvelweni webhizinisi, izinto ziyashintsha: ama-NVMe SSD asezingeni lobuchwepheshe (anokuqina okuphezulu, ukuvikelwa kwedatha okuthuthukisiwe, kanye nezici zamaseva nama-array esitoreji) angafinyelela amanani aphezulu kakhulu. Kulezi zimo, ukutshalwa kwezimali kuqinisekiswa ukusebenza okukhulu kanye nokuthembeka abakunikezayo ngaphansi kwemithwalo yemisebenzi engama-24/7.
Kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile ophequlula iwebhu, abukele okuqukethwe kwe-multimedia, futhi agcine amadokhumenti nezithombe, i-SATA SSD isengaba inketho enengqondo kakhulu uma isabelomali sincane. Kodwa kubadlali begeyimu abafuna izinto eziningi, abadali bokuqukethwe, kanye nochwepheshe, intengo encane ye-NVMe drive ivame ukuba yifanele.
Ingabe i-NVMe yenza i-SATA ingasebenzi ngokoqobo?
Ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe kuphela, i-NVMe iphumelela ngokusobala kune-SATA cishe kuzo zonke izici ezifanele: isivinini, ukubambezeleka, ukuhambisana, ukuguquguquka, kanye nokuhambisana nemithwalo yemisebenzi yesimanje. Njengoba isofthiwe, imidlalo, kanye namathuluzi e-AI eqhubeka nokukhula ngobukhulu nangobunzima, ukuthambekela kwemakethe kusobala: i-NVMe isiba yindinganiso entsha.
Kodwa-ke, lokho akusho ukuthi ama-SATA SSD aphelelwe yisikhathi. Ahlala efanelekile njengesitoreji sesibili esisheshayo nesingabizi , sokwandisa umthamo ezinhlelweni esezivele zinedrayivu ye-NVMe eyinhloko, kuma-PC amadala angenayo i-M.2 PCIe slot, noma kubasebenzisi abafuna nje uhlelo oluphendulayo ngaphandle kokuchitha imali eningi.
Ku-PC yesimanje, ukucushwa okunengqondo kakhulu ukusebenzisa idrayivu ye-NVMe njengedrayivu yesistimu kanye nezinhlelo nemidlalo ezidinga kakhulu , bese uyigcwalisa nge-SATA SSD eyodwa noma ngaphezulu (noma ngisho nama-HDD) ukugcina imitapo yolwazi emikhulu, ama-backups, ama-movie, izithombe, kanye nolunye ulwazi olungazweli kakhulu esikhathini sokufinyelela.
Iqiniso liwukuthi, ezimweni eziningi, inkinga ayisekho isitoreji kodwa i-CPU, i-GPU, noma ngisho nokwenza ngcono isofthiwe. Ngakho-ke, akuhlali kunengqondo ukushintsha i-SATA SSD enhle ukuze unciphise imizuzwana embalwa yezikhathi zokulayisha uma ungadingi ukuhambisa idatha enkulu nsuku zonke.
Uma ikhompyutha yakho inesikhala se-M.2 PCIe samahhala futhi isabelomali sakho siyakuvumela, i-NVMe SSD iyindlela elinganiselayo kakhulu yesikhathi esizayo: inikeza isivinini, ukubambezeleka okuphansi, kanye nokuphendula okungcono ezimweni ezidinga kakhulu , iphatha kahle imidlalo yesimanje kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga izinsiza eziningi, futhi intengo yayo ayisanciphisi. I-SATA, okwamanje, isalokhu iyinkosi yezindleko/umthamo wokusetshenziswa okungabalulekile kakhulu futhi njengesengezo esiphelele sedrayivu enhle ye-NVMe.
