Ukuxazulula izinkinga ze-SSD ne-HDD: ukuxilongwa kwediski kanye nempilo

Ulwazi Lwedijithali » Izinsiza » Ukuxazulula Izinkinga ze-SSD ne-HDD: Ukuxilongwa Kwediski Nempilo

Uma ikhompyutha yakho iqala ukusebenza kancane, iqina ngaphandle kwesizathu, noma iWindows ithatha isikhathi eside ukuqala, idrayivu yakho yesitoreji cishe ifuna usizo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyidrayivu ye-mechanical hard drive, i-SSD, noma idrayivu ye-NVMe, ukuthola izinkinga kusenesikhathi nokwazi ukuthi ungazixilonga kanjani kahle kungasho umehluko phakathi kokulondoloza idatha yakho nokuyilahla unomphela.

Ama-Solid-state drive (ama-SSD) athathe indawo yama-hard disk drive avamile (ama-HDD), kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi ahlala phakade. Ama-SSD ayaguga, angahluleka buthule , futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukubuyisa idatha kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunama-hard drive omshini. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda izimpawu ezibonisa inkinga, ukuthi yimaphi amathuluzi okufanele uwasebenzise ukuhlaziya impilo yawo, nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele uzithathe ukuze wandise isikhathi sawo sokuphila.

I-HDD vs SSD: Kungani ekugcineni zonke zehluleka

Into yokuqala okufanele uyiqonde ukuthi ayikho idivayisi yokugcina engafi . Ama-hard drive emishini (ama-HDD) asebenzisa ama-magnetic platets kanye nekhanda lokufunda/ukubhala elihamba ngokomzimba ukuze lifunde futhi libhale idatha; ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le ngxenye yemishini iyaguga. Ama-SSD kanye nama-NVMe drive, ngakolunye uhlangothi, agcina ulwazi kumaseli enkumbulo ye-NAND flash, ngaphandle kwezingxenye ezihambayo, kodwa iseli ngalinye linenani elilinganiselwe lemijikelezo yokubhala.

Ku-HDD, ukwehluleka kuvame ukubangelwa izinkinga zomzimba: amakhanda alimele, ama-platter angahlelekile kahle, ukushayisana, noma ukudlidliza . Ku-SSD, kuvamile ukuthi amaseli aqale ukonakala ngemva kokusebenza okuningi kokubhala, noma ukuthi isilawuli, i-firmware, noma ukunikezwa kwamandla kungasebenzi kahle. Kuzo zombili izimo, izimpawu zingaqala zingabonakali… kuze kube yilapho idrayivu inyamalala noma ingaqali.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lokhu kuguga kuvame ukuthatha iminyaka ukuze kubonakale. Isikhathi sokuphila sincike kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni : i-PC yasehhovisi ayiboni ukuguguleka okufanayo nohlelo lokuhlela ividiyo lwe-4K, iseva, noma i-PC yokudlala efaka futhi isuse imidlalo njalo.

Ngakho-ke, akuyona indaba yokucabanga kakhulu ngomqondo wokuthi i-SSD yakho izofa, kodwa kunalokho ukwamukela ukuthi izimpawu ezicacile zivame ukuvela ngaphambi kokwehluleka kokugcina nokuthi kuyalulekwa ukuqapha isimo sayo ngezikhathi ezithile ngamathuluzi okuxilonga.

I-TBW, i-MTBF kanye nesikhathi sokuphila: indlela yokuhumusha "ukumelana" kwe-SSD

Uma uthenga i-SSD, umenzi uvame ukunikeza izingcezu ezimbili ezibalulekile zolwazi: i-TBW kanye ne-MTBF. I-TBW (I-Terabytes Ebhaliwe) ikhombisa ukuthi zingaki ama-terabytes angabhalwa kudrayivu ngaphambi kokuba amathuba okuhluleka aqale ukwanda kakhulu . Akuyona inombolo eqondile, kodwa isebenza njengereferensi yokuqina.

I-MTBF (Isikhathi Esiphakathi Kokwehluleka) ikhombisa, emahoreni okusebenza, ukuthembeka kwedivayisi ngokwemfundiso. Lezi zibalo zivame ukuba ngamakhulu ezinkulungwane noma ngisho nezigidi zamahora , ezibalwe ezindaweni zelebhu ezilawulwa kakhulu, ngakho-ke zingahluka kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela.

Kuma-HDD, ukuqina kwemishini ngokuvamile kuphezulu, kodwa ukwehluleka ngokomzimba—njengamakhanda aphukile noma amapuleti ayeke ukuzungeza kahle—kuvamile. Kuma-SSD, isici esibalulekile ukuguguleka kwamaseli e-NAND kanye nokuziphatha kwesilawuli . Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yokusebenza (njengokushisa) (ukukhuphuka kwamandla kagesi, ukushaqeka, umoya ongenisayo, njll.) kunomthelela omkhulu empilweni yangempela yedrayivu.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokwehluleka kwe-SSD kanye ne-NVMe

Ezifundweni zokulungisa nokubuyisa idatha, izimbangela ezifanayo ziyaphindaphindwa njalo. Ngamafuphi, izinkinga ezivame kakhulu ngama-SSD nama-NVMe drive yilezi:

Ukuguguleka kwamaseli ngokwemvelo : Iseli ngalinye le-NAND lingamelana nenani elilinganiselwe lokubhala. Uma lo mkhawulo usudluliwe, isilawuli siqala ukwabela kabusha amabhlogo, kuvela amaphutha okufunda/ukubhala, futhi kumamodeli amaningi, idrayivu ekugcineni ingena kwimodi yokuvikela.

Ukushisa ngokweqile : Ama-NVMe drive, ikakhulukazi, angafinyelela amazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kuma-laptop noma kuma-desktops anomoya ophansi. Ukushisa ngokweqile kusheshisa ukuwohloka kwama-chip futhi kungaholela ekuhlulekeni okungazelelwe uma umkhawulo obalulekile udlula isikhathi eside.

Ukucima kukagesi kanye nokwanda kwamandla kagesi : ukunqamuka kukagesi okungazelelwe, ukunqanyulwa ngengozi, noma ukunikezwa kukagesi okuseqophelweni eliphansi kungonakalisa i-firmware, kulimaze isilawuli, noma kubangele ukonakala kwedatha ezingeni elinengqondo.

Amaphutha okukhiqiza noma izingxenye zekhwalithi ephansi : Ezinhlotsheni ezingabizi kakhulu noma kumamodeli anenkinga, kuvamile ukubona amazinga okuhluleka angaphezu kwesilinganiso. Kulezi zimo, isikhathi sokuphila singaba sifushane kakhulu kunesomqondo, ngisho nangaphandle "kokusetshenziswa kabi."

Izimpawu ezicacile zokuthi i-HDD noma i-SSD yakho isiqala ukwehluleka

Ngaphambi kokuba iyunithi "ife" ngokuphelele, ivame ukushiya iminonjana. Lezi yizimpawu ezivame kakhulu okufanele uziqaphele:

Ukuhamba kancane kakhulu kanye nokuphahlazeka okungahleliwe : uhlelo luthatha isikhathi eside kakhulu ukuqala, ukuvula izinhlelo noma ukufinyelela amafolda athile; ngisho ne-Task Manager iba yimbi futhi ibonise idrayivu ngokusetshenziswa okungu-100% ngaphandle kwenqubo ecacile enesibopho (ukubonisa nje "Uhlelo") — uma uqaphela lokhu, kungcono ukwenza ngcono iWindows uma i-PC ihamba kancane bese uhlola isimo sediski.

Amaphutha lapho kukopishwa, kulondolozwa noma kuvulwa amafayela : imilayezo efana nokuthi "ayikwazi ukufunda kusuka kudiski" noma "ayikwazi ukubhala kudrayivu" ijwayelekile kuma-sector amabi noma amabhlogo e-NAND alimele, kokubili ku-HDD kanye ne-SSD.

Amafayela onakala ngokwawo noma anyamalale : amadokhumenti agcinwa engenalutho, amavidiyo ayeke ukudlala ngokuzumayo, izithombe ezonakele, noma amafolda alahlekelwa okuqukethwe ngaphandle kokuthi ususe noma yini akhomba ngokusobala izinkinga ngedrayivu.

Izikrini Zokufa Eziphindaphindayo Eziluhlaza Okwesibhakabhaka (ama-BSOD) : I-BSOD ehlukanisiwe ingaba yinoma yini, kodwa uma amaphutha afana ne -DISK_STRUCTURE_CORRUPTION , CRITICAL_PROCESS_DIED , noma amanye amaphutha ahlobene ne-I/O yediski ephindaphindwa, isimo sesitoreji sidinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela.

Idrayivu iyanyamalala kwi-BIOS noma ithatha isikhathi eside ukutholakala : uma uma uvula i-PC i-BIOS ngezinye izikhathi ingayiboni idiski, noma i-Windows iqala ngemva kwemizamo eminingana, kungenzeka ukuthi i-SSD noma i-HDD isemaphethelweni ayo okugcina noma ukuthi kukhona uxhumano olukhulu noma inkinga yamandla.

Imisindo engavamile ku-HDD : imisindo yokuchofoza enesigqi ("ukuchofoza" okuvamile), imisindo engavamile yokubhuza, noma ama-platter aqala futhi ame njalo cishe njalo ayisibonakaliso sokwehluleka komshini okuseduze ku-hard drive yendabuko.

Amazinga okushisa aphezulu ngendlela engavamile : ukuqaphela ukushisa okweqile endaweni lapho iyunithi ifakwe khona, noma ukubona amazinga okushisa aseduze noma angaphezu kwemingcele enconyiwe kumathuluzi okuxilonga, kuyisibonakaliso esikhathazayo.

Izinkomba ze-SMART: "ibhokisi elimnyama" le-hard drive yakho

Wonke ama-HDD nama-SSD anamuhla afaka i-SMART (Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology), uhlelo lokuqapha lwangaphakathi oluqopha amahora okusebenza, amaphutha okufunda/ukubhala, amabhlogo aphinde afakwa, kanye neminye imingcele eminingi . Amathuluzi okuxilonga afunda lolu lwazi futhi aluveze ngendlela eqondakalayo; ukuze uqonde kangcono umongo walo, buyekeza impilo yezingxenye ze-PC yakho.

Ku-Windows, umyalo oyisisekelo kakhulu uthi:

I-wmic diskdrive ithola isimo

Uma konke kusebenza kahle, kuzoboniswa ukuthi “Kulungile”. Uma kuvela “Ukuhluleka Okubikezelwe” noma omunye umlayezo, uhlelo luthole ukuthi amanani e-SMART abonisa ukwehluleka okungenzeka esikhathini esifushane noma esimaphakathi. “Ukuhluleka Okubikezelwe” kuyisixwayiso esingathi sína sokuthi sekuyisikhathi sokwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yedatha yakho bese ucabanga ngokushintsha idrayivu.

Ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kungatholakala ngezinhlelo ezithile ezibonisa amapharamitha afana ne-Reallocated Sectors Count, i-Uncorrectable Error Count, i-Wear Leveling Count, i-Media Wearout Indicator, njll. Uma noma yikuphi kwalokhu kugqanyiswe ngombala ophuzi noma obomvu, kufanele kuthathwe ngokungathi sína kakhulu.

Amathuluzi e-Windows okuxilonga nokulungisa amaphutha anengqondo

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa isofthiwe yomuntu wesithathu, iWindows ifaka izinsiza eziningana eziwusizo zokuthola futhi, kwezinye izimo, ukulungisa amaphutha anengqondo (hhayi angokomzimba) kudrayivu:

I-CHKDSK : Leli ithuluzi lokuhlola amadiski elivamile. Likuvumela ukuthi uskene ama-sector amabi, uhlole uhlelo lwamafayela, futhi ulungise amaphutha ayisisekelo. Lisebenza kusukela ku-Command Prompt enamalungelo okuphatha.

Izibonelo ezivamile zokusetshenziswa:

i-chkdsk C: /f /r /x – ihlaziya idrayivu C:, ilungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo amaphutha (/f), ibheka imikhakha emibi bese izama ukubuyisa idatha (/r) bese yehlisa idrayivu uma kudingeka (/x).

i-chkdsk /scan – yenza ukuskena okusheshayo ku-inthanethi, okuwusizo kakhulu uma ubona ukuziphatha okusolisayo futhi ufuna ukuhlolwa ngaphandle kokuqala kabusha.

I-SFC ne-DISM : Uma inkinga ingamafayili esistimu yokusebenza onakele, umyalo we -sfc /scannow (System File Checker) kanye namathuluzi e-DISM angathola futhi afake amafayela e-Windows onakele, yize engalungisi ukwehluleka kwediski ebonakalayo. Uma udinga iziqondiso zendlela yokulungisa i-hard drive yangaphandle eyonakele , kunezinsiza ezikhethekile ezikuqondisa isinyathelo ngesinyathelo.

Isofthiwe ekhethekile yokuhlola impilo ye-HDD noma i-SSD yakho

Ngaphandle kwezinsiza ze-Windows, kuneqoqo elihle lezinhlelo—zombili zamahhala nezikhokhelwayo—ezikuvumela ukuthi ubone ngokushesha isimo sempilo, izinga lokushisa, amahora okusebenzisa, kanye namanye amaphuzu amaningi edatha afanele . Ezinye zifaka phakathi imisebenzi yokuhlola ukusebenza kanye nokuhlolwa okulula kokucindezeleka.

I-CrystalDiskInfo

Cishe iyithuluzi elidumile kakhulu lokuhlola idatha ye-SMART ku-Windows. Inzuzo yalo eyinhloko ukuthi imahhala, ilula, futhi kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa . Ibonisa isifinyezo esicacile ngesimo sempilo (Okuhle, Isexwayiso, Okubi), izinga lokushisa, amahora okusebenza, inani lamandla, idatha efundiwe nebhaliwe, inguqulo ye-firmware, inombolo ye-serial, kanye nohlu olude lwezimfanelo zobuchwepheshe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikuvumela ukuthi ulungiselele izexwayiso, ushintshe isikhawu sokubuyekeza, futhi ukhethe izixhumi ezibonakalayo ezahlukene. Kubasebenzisi abaningi, kwanele ukuqapha ukuthi isimo sempilo "Sihle" nokuthi azikho izimfanelo ezibonakala ngombala ophuzi noma obomvu.

I-SSDFresh

Kulabo abafuna into elula futhi elula ukuyisebenzisa, i-SSDFresh inikeza isikhombikubona esicacile kakhulu esenzelwe abasebenzisi abangebona ochwepheshe. Ibonisa ngqo impilo iyonke ye-SSD, okuhlanganisa izinga lokushisa, amahora okusebenzisa, kanye nenani ledatha efundwayo nebhaliwe . Iphinde ifake isigaba sokwenza ngcono esinezinketho ezahlukene zokulungisa iWindows nokunciphisa ukuguguleka kwedrayivu.

Ayibonisi idatha yobuchwepheshe eningi njengezinye izinhlelo, kodwa ngokubuyisela, kulula kakhulu ukuyiqonda. Ilungele umsebenzisi ojwayelekile ofuna nje ukwazi ukuthi i-SSD yakhe isebenza kahle yini futhi asebenzise ezinye izithuthukisi zokusebenza kanye nokuphila kahle ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.

I-SSDLife Pro

Leli thuluzi ligxile kakhulu kuma-SSD futhi linikeza inkomba ecacile yokuphila okusele . Lingathola izinkinga zokunikezwa ngokweqile (amaseli engeziwe umenzi awagcinela ukulinganisa ukuguguleka) amanye amasevisi awaphuthelwa. Uma lithola ukuthi lawa maseli aphelile, lizobonisa izixwayiso ezinobungozi obukhulu futhi lincome ukuthi kushintshwe idrayivu ngokushesha okukhulu.

Inenguqulo yokulinga kanye nenguqulo ekhokhelwayo, kanye nohlelo oluphathekayo olungathwalwa kudrayivu ye-USB ukuze kuhlolwe imishini ehlukene ngaphandle kokufaka noma yini.

I-HWiNFO kanye ne-AIDA64 Extreme

Lezi akuzona izinhlelo eziqondene nediski, kodwa ziqukethe ulwazi oluphelele lwehadiwe . Zikuvumela ukuthi ubuke konke kusukela kumodeli eqondile yengxenye ngayinye kuya emazingeni okushisa esikhathi sangempela, ama-voltage, ukufundwa kwezinzwa, kanye, nolwazi lwe-SMART lwama-HDD nama-SSD.

I-HWiNFO imahhala futhi inamandla kakhulu, yize ingaba nzima ekuqaleni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-AIDA64 Extreme uhlelo olukhokhelwayo (olunesilingo sezinsuku ezingu-30) futhi lugxile ekuhlinzekeni ngemibiko ecacile kanye nokuhlolwa kokuzinza. Kuzo zombili izimo, kungenzeka ukubona amazinga okushisa axwayisayo, amazinga okushisa abucayi, nokuthi idrayivu ibilokhu ingaphezu kwalezo zimingcele - ulwazi oluwusizo kakhulu lokuhlonza izinkinga zokupholisa.

I-Hard Disk Sentinel

Kungenye yezinhlelo zokuqapha eziphelele kakhulu emakethe, futhi iphumelela kakhulu ngama-SSD. Ngaphezu kokubonisa isimo sempilo, ukusebenza, izinga lokushisa, kanye namanani e-SMART , ifaka izici ze:

Yenza ukuhlolwa kokusebenza okujulile ukuze ubone ukuthi isivinini sediski siyawohloka yini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Thola futhi kwezinye izimo ulungise amaphutha ayisisekelo ezingeni lobuso noma ohlelweni lwefayela.

Thumela izaziso ze-imeyili nganoma yiziphi izinguquko eziphathelene namanani aqashwe.

Inguqulo yamahhala inemikhawulo, kodwa ekuxilongweni okukodwa ngokuvamile kwanele. Ukuze kuqashwe njalo ngochwepheshe, inguqulo ekhokhelwayo iyazuzisa.

Ithuluzi le-Intel Memory and Storage kanye nesofthiwe yomkhiqizi

Nakuba i-Intel ingasakhiqizi ama-SSD abathengi, i-Intel Memory and Storage Tool yayo isasebenza, hhayi kuphela kuma-drive ayo kodwa futhi njengesibukeli solwazi oluyisisekelo kwabanye abaningi. Kumamodeli ayo, inikeza izinketho ezithuthukisiwe kakhulu , njengezibuyekezo ze-firmware noma izivivinyo ezithile.

Ngokufanayo, cishe bonke abakhiqizi abakhulu banezinsiza zabo ezisemthethweni zokuphatha nokuxilonga ama-hard drive abo:

• Samsung Umthakathi: kuphelele kakhulu, kukuvumela ukuthi ubuke impilo, ukusebenza, usebenzise amaphrofayili okwenza ngcono, ubuyekeze i-firmware futhi usebenzise izivivinyo.
• Ideshibhodi ye-WD / Ideshibhodi yeSanDisk: iqapha izinga lokushisa, ukusetshenziswa, isimo esijwayelekile futhi ivumela ukuphatha imisebenzi ethile yamayunithi omkhiqizo.
• Isiphathi Sokugcina Esibalulekile: ibonisa i-SMART, ivumela ukusebenzisa ukuxilongwa kanye nokwenza ukusula okuphephile.
• Umphathi weKingston SSD y Ibhokisi lamathuluzi we-ADATA SSDBanikeza isimo, izinga lokusetshenziswa, izibuyekezo ze-firmware, kanye nezinsiza zokulungisa.
• I-SeaTools (i-Seagate)Nakuba ivela eSeagate, isebenza cishe nanoma iyiphi iyunithi, inikeza ukuhlolwa kwendawo kanye nokuxilongwa okusheshayo.

Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, kunconywa ukusebenzisa isofthiwe esemthethweni yomenzi ukuze uthole ulwazi olunembile kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka futhi usebenzise izibuyekezo ze-firmware ngokuphephile.

I-HD Tune, i-GSmartControl, i-SSD-Z nezinye izinsiza

I-HD Tune ikuvumela ukuthi ubuke impilo yediski (nge-SMART), ulinganise isivinini sokufunda/ukubhala, futhi wenze ukuskena kwamaphutha emazingeni ahlukahlukene emininingwane. Inguqulo yayo ye-Pro iyakhokhelwa, kodwa iphelele kakhulu ekuhlaziyeni ama-HDD nama-SSD.

I-GSmartControl , uhlelo lokusebenza oluvulekile, oluhlanganisa amapulatifomu amaningi, lunikeza ukufinyelela okuningiliziwe kudatha ye-SMART futhi luvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi benze izivivinyo ezimfushane, ezinde, noma ezijulile. Ilungele abasebenzisi abathuthukile abafuna ukulawula okulungisiwe ngaphandle kokukhokhela amalayisense.

Kuzo zonke lezi zimo, iphethini iyafana: uma isimo se-SMART siluhlaza futhi kungekho maphutha noma imikhakha eyabelwe kabusha, ungaphumula kalula. Uma kuvela izixwayiso, sekuyisikhathi sokuthatha isinyathelo.

Indlela yokuqhuba ukuhlolwa kokusebenza ukuthola izinkinga ezifihliwe

Enye indlela yokuthola amaphutha angaba khona ukufaka idrayivu ekuhlolweni kokusebenza okujulile. Amathuluzi afana ne -CrystalDiskMark, i-AS SSD Benchmark, noma i-ATTO abhala futhi afunde amafayela anobukhulu namaphethini ahlukahlukene ukuze abone isivinini sangempela sempendulo yedrayivu.

Uma i-SSD noma i-HDD iphilile, isivinini kufanele sisondele kakhulu ezicacisweni zethiyori (kucatshangelwa uhlobo lwedrayivu, isikhombimsebenzisi, njll.). Uma izibalo ziphansi ngendlela exakile noma ukuhlolwa kuphazamiseka ngamaphutha, kukhona okungahambi kahle.

Ku-SSD, kungabonisa ukuguguleka okukhulu kwamaseli noma izinkinga zokulawula . Ku-HDD, ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukuqhekeka okukhulu, imikhakha emibi, noma ukwehluleka komshini.

Lezi zivivinyo ziwusizo futhi ekuboneni ukuthi ukusebenza kwehla kakhulu yini lapho iyunithi ishisa noma icishe igcwaliswe ngokuphelele, okubonisa ukushisa ngokweqile noma izinkinga zokuphathwa kwesikhala sangaphakathi.

Amaphutha amakhulu e-SMART: okufanele ukwenze uma idiski inikeza izixwayiso

Uma noma yiliphi ithuluzi (kungaba yi-WMIC, i-CrystalDiskInfo, i-Hard Disk Sentinel noma isevisi yomenzi) likutshela ukuthi idiski inamaphutha amakhulu e-SMART, isimo "esibi", "Isixwayiso" noma "i-Pred Fail" , udinga ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha.

Into yokuqala nebaluleke kakhulu ukwenza isipele sakho konke okubalulekile kuwe . Ungalindi ukuthi inkinga ibe yimbi kakhulu. Ngisho noma i-hard drive ibonakala isebenza kahle, ingahluleka ngaphandle kwesixwayiso.

Ukusuka lapho unezinketho ezimbili:

Cindezela idrayivu kudiski entsha (kungcono uma ufuna ukugcina uhlelo, izinhlelo, kanye nezilungiselelo njengoba zinjalo) usebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlanganisa idatha.

Kopisha idatha ebalulekile kuphela bese ufaka iWindows kudrayivu entsha, okuvame ukuba yindlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema ukudlulisa amaphutha anengqondo.

Kuma-SSD aphezulu, kuvamile ukuthi angene kwimodi yokufunda kuphela ukuze avikele idatha uma ebona ukuguguleka okubucayi. Kulesi simo, ungafunda futhi ukopishe amafayela, kodwa awukwazi ukubhala noma yini entsha . Leli yithuba lakho lokugcina lokulondoloza idatha yakho ngaphambi kokushintsha idrayivu.

Ukulungisa noma ukubuyisa i-SSD: imikhawulo kanye nezingozi

Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokulungisa amaphutha anengqondo (uhlelo lwefayela elonakele, i-MBR eyonakele, izingxenye ezingekho) kanye nokubuyisa idatha kusuka kudrayivu eyonakele ngokomzimba . Imiyalo efana ne-CHKDSK, amathuluzi afana ne-TestDisk, noma i-Disk Management ingalungisa izinkinga eziningi ezinengqondo, kodwa ngeke ivuselele ama-chip e-NAND ashile noma abalawuli abafile.

Uma kwenzeka iphutha lethebula lokuhlukanisa noma lokuqalisa, i-TestDisk iyithuluzi elinamandla kakhulu elikuvumela ukuthi ubuyisele ama-partition asusiwe, ulungise i-MBR, futhi ubuyisele ama-drive angaphiwa yi-Windows kahle, inqobo nje uma umonakalo unengqondo futhi ungewona ongokoqobo.

Ngezinkinga zomzimba, izinto ziyashintsha. Ngama-SSD, ukululama kochwepheshe kuvame ukuhilela imishini yelebhu efana ne-PC-3000 ne-Atola, amasu okuhlola, kanye nokufinyelela okuqondile kuma-memory chips . Kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ebiza kakhulu, futhi iphesenti ledatha elibuyiselwayo lizoncika ohlotsheni lokwehluleka kanye nendlela idrayivu esetshenziswe ngayo ngemva kokwenzeka kwenkinga.

Kunoma ikuphi, uma usola umonakalo omkhulu ngokomzimba, inkambo ehlakaniphile kakhulu yokwenza iwukugwema ukushintshwa okwengeziwe ngamathuluzi anolaka njenge-CHKDSK kwimodi ejulile , ukugwema ukufometha noma ukufaka kabusha phezu kwedrayivu, futhi, uma idatha ibalulekile, ukufuna usizo kusevisi ekhethekile yokutakula idatha.

Izici zemvelo kanye nogesi ezifinyeza impilo yediski

Ngaphezu kokuguguleka okuvamile, kunezici zangaphandle ezingalimaza iyunithi ngokushesha kakhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe:

Izinga Lokushisa : Ukusebenza njalo emkhawulweni wokushisa onconywayo (ngokuvamile cishe u-70°C kuma-SSD amaningi) kunciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuphila. Ukushisa isikhathi eside konakalisa ama-chip, ama-control electronics, kanye nama-solder joints.

Umswakama nokungcola : izindawo ezinomswakama kakhulu noma ezinothuli zingabangela ukugqwala kokuxhumana, ama-short circuits kanye nokwehluleka okungaguquki kwe-elekthronikhi.

Ukwanda kwamandla kagesi kanye nokucima kwawo : ukukhuphuka kwamandla kagesi, ukucima kogesi okuphindaphindiwe, noma ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi okuphansi kuyizitha eziqondile zanoma iyiphi idivayisi kagesi, ikakhulukazi izilawuli ezithambile njengalezo ezikuma-SSD.

Ukushaqeka nokudlidliza : lokhu kulimaza kakhulu ama-HDD (angaklwebha amapuleti noma alungise ikhanda), kodwa ama-SSD akufanele asetshenziswe ngokweqile: umthelela onamandla ungaphula izingxenye noma uqhekeze ibhodi.

Ukuba nogesi omuhle, i-UPS ezindaweni ezibucayi, kanye nokungenisa umoya okuhle kwangaphakathi kubaluleke kakhulu kunalokho okubonakala empilweni yesikhathi eside yama-drive akho okugcina.

Indlela yokwandisa impilo ye-HDD noma i-SSD yakho

Ngaphandle kokusabela lapho izimpawu sezivele zibonakala, kuyasiza ukusebenzisa imikhuba emihle yokwandisa impilo yediski nokunciphisa ingozi yokulahleka kwedatha.

Kuma-hard drive omshini (ama-HDD):

Ungazishukumisi ngenkathi zisebenza , ikakhulukazi ama-laptop anama-HDD. Ukunyakaza okungazelelwe ngenkathi zisebenza kungabangela ikhanda lokufunda/lokubhala ukuthi liklwebhe ama-plate.

Khuphula idrayivu yakho njalo uma uyisebenzisela uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza noma idatha efinyelelwa njalo. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ukunyakaza kwekhanda kanye nokuguguleka komshini. (Qaphela: Lokhu akusebenzi kuma-SSD, lapho ukukhuphula idrayivu kunganconywa khona.)

Kuma-drive e-solid-state (ama-SSD):

Qiniseka ukuthi i-TRIM ivuliwe , ukuze uhlelo lukwazi ukuhlanza amabhlogo angasetshenziswanga futhi lugcine ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside.

Gwema umthwalo wokubhala osindayo noqhubekayo ngokungadingekile (isb., ukusebenzisa i-SSD njengefolda yokulanda ye-torrent amahora angu-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto uma kungadingeki).

Futhi, kuzo zombili izinhlobo zamayunithi:

Nakekela ukupholisa : qiniseka ukuthi ibhokisi linomoya omuhle, hlanza uthuli futhi, kuma-drive e-NVMe asheshayo, cabanga ukufaka ama-heatsink athile uma engezi nawo njengejwayelekile.

Sebenzisa ugesi osezingeni eliphezulu , futhi uma imishini ibalulekile, sebenzisa i-UPS ukuze uvikeleke ekukhuphukeni kwamandla kanye nokucima kombane.

Yenza ama-backup njalo ; kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyinakekela kahle kangakanani ihadiwe yakho, kuhlale kunezinto ezingalindelekile (ukwehluleka kwe-firmware, ukwanda kwamandla, amaphutha abantu, njll.). Inqubomgomo yokusekelayo iyona kuphela inethi yokuphepha yangempela.

Indlela yokuthola ukuthi iyiphi idiski oyifakile bese usebenzisa isofthiwe efanele

Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa isofthiwe ethile yomkhiqizi, isinyathelo sokuqala ukuhlonza ukuthi iyiphi imodeli ye-HDD noma ye-SSD onayo . Kunezindlela eziningana ezilula zokwenza lokhu:

Ku-Windows, vula i-Device Manager , wandise i-“Disk drives” bese uzobona igama kanye nemodeli ye-drive ngayinye exhunyiwe (yangaphakathi neyangaphandle).

Ungasebenzisa futhi i-Task Manager (ithebhu yokusebenza, isigaba seDisk) ukuze ubone ukuthi hlobo luni lwedrayivu (i-SSD, i-HDD) kanye ne-ID yayo eyisisekelo.

Enye inketho ukufinyelela i -BIOS/UEFI , lapho amadrayivu axhunyiwe evame ukufakwa ohlwini kanye nemodeli yawo eqondile. Ngalolu lwazi, ungalanda ithuluzi elihambisanayo (i-Samsung Magician, i-WD Dashboard, njll.) kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomenzi ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembe kakhudlwana.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nezimpawu, ukuxilongwa, kanye nempilo

Yiziphi izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zokuthi i-hard drive iseduze nokwehluleka? Ukusebenza okuhamba kancane kakhulu ngaphandle kwencazelo, ukuphahlazeka okuvamile, amaphutha lapho ufunda noma ubhala amafayela, izikrini eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zokufa okuhlobene ne-drive, i-drive iyanyamalala kwi-BIOS noma i-Windows, futhi, uma kwenzeka kuma-HDD, imisindo engavamile. Uma kukhona namaphutha e-SMART, kuwuphawu olubi.

Iyini ngempela i-SMART futhi kungani kufanele ngiyibheke? Iyisistimu eziqapha ngokwayo eqopha izinkomba zokuthembeka (amaphutha, imikhakha ephinde yahlukaniswa, ukuguguleka, njll.). Amathuluzi afunda i-SMART akuvumela ukuthi unqume ukuthi idiski ingaphakathi kwamapharamitha ajwayelekile noma ukuthi iqoqa izinkinga ezikhomba ukwehluleka okuzayo.

Kufanele uhlole kangaki impilo ye-hard drive yakho? Kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile, ukuhlola okusheshayo nge-CrystalDiskInfo noma ithuluzi elifanayo njalo ezinyangeni ezimbili noma ezintathu kwanele. Uma usebenza ngedatha ebucayi kakhulu noma ikhompyutha yakho ivuliwe amahora amaningi ngosuku, ungakwenza njalo ngenyanga.

Ingabe i-CHKDSK "ingayilungisa" i-hard drive eyonakele ngokomzimba? Cha. I-CHKDSK iwusizo ekulungiseni amaphutha anengqondo (uhlelo lwefayela, izimpawu zesigaba esibi, njll.), kodwa uma kukhona umonakalo ongokoqobo kumakhanda okufunda/ukubhala, ama-platter, noma ama-chip e-NAND, ayikho isofthiwe engayilungisa. Okungcono kakhulu, uhlelo luzophawula imikhakha emibi njengengasebenzi, kodwa inkinga eyisisekelo izohlala ikhona.

Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi i-SSD yami isondela ekupheleni kwesikhathi sayo sokuphila? Amathuluzi amaningi, ikakhulukazi lawo avela kumkhiqizi, abonisa iphesenti lesikhathi sokuphila esisele noma inani lokuguguleka . Uma yehla ngaphansi komkhawulo othile (isibonelo, ngaphansi kuka-10%, noma uma uhlelo lubonisa izixwayiso), sekuyisikhathi sokuhlela ukushintshwa.

Ingabe ama-SATA noma ama-NVMe SSD athembeke kakhudlwana? Ezingeni le-NAND kanye nobuchwepheshe besilawuli, ukuthembeka kuyafana; umehluko omkhulu ukuthi ama-drive e-NVMe asebenza kahle akhiqiza ukushisa okwengeziwe futhi angasebenza ngaphansi kwemithwalo ephezulu, okungathinta ukusebenza ngokungaqondile uma engapholiswanga kahle. Kunoma ikuphi, izici ezibaluleke kakhulu ikhwalithi yemodeli kanye newaranti yomenzi.

Ngamafuphi, ukwazi izimpawu zokuxwayisa, ukuqonda ukuthi amathuluzi okuxilonga asitshelani, nokusebenzisa izindlela ezimbalwa ezinhle kakhulu kusenza sikwazi ukubona izinkinga ze-HDD neze-SSD kusenesikhathi, sigweme ubunzima bokulahlekelwa idatha, futhi sandise kakhulu impilo yama-drive ethu , ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuba ochwepheshe noma ukuhlala ngokwesaba ukuthi i-drive izohluleka ubusuku bonke.