- Ukuhlola inethiwekhi yebhizinisi kuhlaziya ngokuphelele ukusebenza, ukuphepha, kanye nengqalasizinda ebonakalayo nenengqondo.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko zesixwayiso ukuhamba kancane, ikhwalithi ephansi kumakholi wevidiyo, ukwehla kwe-Wi-Fi kanye nokugcwala ngesikhathi samahora okusebenza kakhulu.
- Ukuhlolwa kuthola ihadiwe esiphelelwe yisikhathi, amaphutha okucushwa, ukuphazamiseka, i-Shadow IT, kanye nobuthakathaka bokuphepha.
- Ukusebenzisa indlela ehlelekile yokuxilonga kanye nokuhlolwa njalo kunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi, kuthuthukisa umkhiqizo, futhi kuvikela ibhizinisi.
Izinkampani eziningi zicabanga ukuthi ukukhokha ibhili le-inthanethi nokuba ne-Wi-Fi yikho konke okudingekayo. Kodwa-ke, inethiwekhi yebhizinisi ehamba kancane, engazinzile, noma engavikelekile ingaphazamisa kakhulu umkhiqizo, isevisi yamakhasimende, kanye nokuncintisana kwebhizinisi, noma ngabe ukufinyelela i-inthanethi "kusebenza." Izinkinga azibonakali njalo njengokuphela kwesevisi; ngokuvamile, ziyizinkinga ezincane, eziqhubekayo ezinganakwa kuze kube yilapho umonakalo usumkhulu.
Yingakho ukuxazulula izinkinga zenethiwekhi yebhizinisi kungeyona into eyenzeka ngobuchwepheshe, kodwa ukubuyekezwa okuphelele nokujwayelekile kwengqalasizinda: kusukela ekuxhumeni izintambo kanye nokushintshwa kuya ku-Wi-Fi, ukuphepha, kanye nokusebenza kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zamafu. Kuyo yonke le ndatshana, uzobona, ngokuningiliziwe nangolimi olucacile, ukuthi yiziphi izifo zenethiwekhi, yiziphi izimpawu ezibonisa inkinga, yiziphi izinkinga ezitholakalayo, ukuthi ungazixazulula kanjani isinyathelo ngesinyathelo, nokuthi yimaphi amathuluzi angakusiza ukuthi ulethe ukuhleleka kuyo yonke inethiwekhi.
Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwenethiwekhi yebhizinisi futhi kungani kubaluleke kangaka?
Ukuxilongwa kwenethiwekhi yebhizinisi kuyinqubo ehlelekile yokuhlaziya isimo, ukusebenza, kanye nokuphepha kwayo yonke ingqalasizinda yezokuxhumana yenhlangano. Akuyona nje indaba yokwenza isivivinyo sejubane se-Google; kuwukuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe okuhlolisisa imininingwane yokuxhuma izintambo, amadivayisi enethiwekhi, ukucushwa okunengqondo, kanye nethrafikhi egeleza phakathi kwayo yonke imishini.
Esimweni sebhizinisi sanamuhla, lapho izinsizakalo zamafu, amathuluzi okubambisana ngesikhathi sangempela, imihlangano yevidiyo eqhubekayo, kanye namadivayisi eselula atholakala yonke indawo kujwayelekile, inethiwekhi iyaqhubeka nokuguquka futhi ingaphansi kokucindezeleka . Okwanele eminyakeni emibili edlule manje kungase kuphele amandla. Ukuhlolwa okuphelele kukuvumela ukuthi unqume ukuthi leyo ngqalasizinda isahlangabezana yini nezidingo zangempela zebhizinisi.
Umgomo walolu hlobo lokuhlola ukuthola izithiyo , ukwehluleka kokuqala, amaphutha okuklama, kanye nezikhala zokuphepha ngaphambi kokuba kube ukungasebenzi okubalulekile noma izindawo zokungena zokuhlaselwa. Kuphinde kusize ekunqumeni ukuthi inkinga ingaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yangaphakathi, kumhlinzeki wesevisi ye-inthanethi, ngomshini othile, noma ngokulungiselelwa okungalungile.
Ukwenza ukuhlolwa okuvamile nakho kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwe-IT . Izinkampani eziningi ziyashesha ukwandisa i-bandwidth noma abahlinzeki be-switch lapho inkinga yangempela ikwi-switch ephelelwe yisikhathi, ikhebula eliphelelwe yisikhathi, noma inqubomgomo embi yokubeka phambili ithrafikhi. Ukuhlaziywa okuphelele kuvimbela imali echithwayo.
Izimpawu ezicacile zokuthi inethiwekhi yebhizinisi lakho inezinkinga
Ngaphambi kokufunda ngamathuluzi athuthukile, kuyasiza ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu zansuku zonke ezibonisa inkinga yenethiwekhi . Uma ubona eziningana zalezi zimo enhlanganweni yakho, sekuyisikhathi sokucabangela ukuxilongwa okungathi sína.
Esinye sezibonakaliso ezisobala kakhulu ikhwalithi embi yemihlangano yevidiyo : umsindo oqhekekayo noma ongamarobhothi, isithombe esiqandisiwe, ukubambezeleka kwemizuzwana embalwa lapho kukhulunywa… Lapho amaQembu, i-Zoom, noma amanye amapulatifomu ebhekana nalezi zinkinga ngokuphindaphindiwe, ngokuvamile kuba nokubambezeleka okweqile , ukushintshashintsha kokubambezeleka okungazelelwe (i-jitter), noma ukuntuleka kokubekwa phambili kwethrafikhi yezwi nevidiyo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
Esinye isibonakaliso esivamile ukufinyelela kancane kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zamafu . Uma izinsizakalo zakho ze-CRM, ERP, Microsoft 365, Salesforce, noma ezinye ze-SaaS zithatha isikhathi eside ukulayisha, zephuza ukuphendula ekuchofozweni, noma zivame ukumisa, ulwazi lwethimba luyaphazamiseka futhi ukuqina kwenkampani kuyehla. Ngezinye izikhathi inkinga akuyona isevisi yamafu uqobo, kodwa inethiwekhi yenkampani, engakwazi ukuphatha ithrafikhi kahle; ukuhlaziywa kokusebenza kwenethiwekhi kusiza ukuhlonza lokhu.
Kuvamile futhi ukuba nezindawo ehhovisi lapho i-Wi-Fi imbi khona , inqamuka uma usuka kwelinye igumbi uye kwelinye, noma ingenayo nhlobo indawo embozwe yiyo. Lezi "zimbobo ezimnyama" zibonisa izindawo zokufinyelela ezingabekwanga kahle , ukuhlela okungenantambo okunganele, noma ukuphazamiseka okuvela kwamanye amanethiwekhi namadivayisi. Endaweni yobungcweti, i-Wi-Fi engazinzile isho ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi okuqhubekayo.
Uma uqaphela ukuthi inethiwekhi "iyacwila" ngezikhathi ezithile—isibonelo, isebenza kahle ekuseni kakhulu futhi iphazamiseke phakathi kwasekuseni —mhlawumbe kukhona ukugcwala kwe-bandwidth . Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kungenxa yokuntuleka kwezinqubomgomo ze-Quality of Service (QoS), okuvumela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingabalulekile, ithrafikhi yokuzijabulisa, noma ngisho nokulanda komuntu siqu ukuthi kudle izinsiza okufanele zigcinelwe izinqubo zebhizinisi.
Esinye isibonakaliso esicacile ukulayisha nokuvumelanisa amafayela njalo ku-OneDrive, i-Google Drayivu, i-Dropbox, noma ama-backups efu. Uma isivinini sokulayisha sincane noma sinqunyelwe yi-firewall noma i-router engalungiselelwe kahle, imisebenzi yokukopisha nokuvumelanisa ithatha isikhathi eside, ukubambezeleka kuyaqoqana, futhi kokubili ukubambisana nokuvikelwa kwedatha kuyasengozini.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezitholwa yi-diagnostic yenethiwekhi yobungcweti?
Ukuxilongwa okwenziwa ochwepheshe kudlulela ngalé kokuthi nje "inethiwekhi ihamba kancane." Inhloso yayo ukuhlukanisa ngokunembile imbangela yezinkinga nokuthola izinkinga ezivame ukunganakwa nhlobo ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke.
Enye yezinto ezivame kakhulu ukugcwala noma ukuguga kwehadiwe yenethiwekhi . Ama-router nama-switch ane-CPU noma izinsiza zememori ezilinganiselwe, ezenzelwe amavolumu amancane ethrafikhi noma ithrafikhi engabethelwe, anqotshwa yizidingo zamanje. Lokhu kuholela emigqeni yamaphakethe, ukubambezeleka okuphezulu, kanye nokuvinjelwa, ikakhulukazi lapho kuhlanganiswa ukuxhumana okuningi okuphephile (i-VPN, i-HTTPS, njll.).
Enye inkinga enkulu evame ukudalulwa ukuhlolwa yizihibe zenethiwekhi ezibangelwa ukungalungiselelwa kahle . I-VLAN eklanywe kabi, iswishi ene-STP engasebenzi, noma izixhumanisi ezingalawulwa ezingadingekile zingabangela ukuthi amaphakethe ajikeleze ngokungapheli, ngezikhathi ezithile noma aphule ngokuphelele inethiwekhi. Lokhu kunzima ukubona ukwehluleka ngaphandle kokuhlaziywa ngokucophelela kwe-topology yenethiwekhi kanye nezinqubo.
Ezweni elingenantambo, ukuxilonga kuvame ukuveza ukuphazamiseka kwemvamisa yomsakazo kanye nokugqagqana kweziteshi . Amanethiwekhi angomakhelwane asebenza eziteshini ezifanayo, izinto zasendlini, ama-microwave, amafoni angenantambo, noma ngisho nokukhethwa kwebhendi okungekuhle (okugcwele okungu-2,4 GHz uma kuqhathaniswa nokusetshenziswa okunganele okungu-5 GHz) kungonakalisa ikhwalithi ye-Wi-Fi yebhizinisi; ukuphazamiseka kwemvamisa yomsakazo kwandisa ukubambezeleka kanye nokulahleka kwesignali.
Kuvamile futhi ukuthola i-Shadow IT namadivayisi angagunyaziwe : amakhamera e-IP, izindawo zokufinyelela zomuntu siqu, amaphrinta angalungiselelwe kahle, noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaqinisekisiwe ezisebenzisa i-bandwidth enkulu futhi zidale ubuthakathaka obungaba khona bokuphepha. Ngaphandle kwempahla yedivayisi nokuqapha okusebenzayo, lezi zinto azinakwa kuze kube yilapho zibangela inkinga enkulu.
Okokugcina, ukuxilongwa ngokomzimba kuvame ukuveza izintambo ezinephutha noma eziphelelwe yisikhathi . Izingxenye zekhebula lesigaba esiphansi (isb., i-Cat5) ezikhawulela isivinini ku-100 Mbps, izixhumi ze-RJ45 ezonakele, ama-splices esikhashana, noma amapuleti odonga awonakele kungenza kube lula ukusebenza kwemishini kanye nezingxenye zenethiwekhi yonke ezingasebenza kalula ku-1 Gbps noma ngaphezulu.
Umthelela webhizinisi wangempela wenethiwekhi embi
Izinkinga zenethiwekhi aziyona nje inkinga yobuchwepheshe. Zinemiphumela eqondile ngokwemali, isikhathi, kanye nesithombe somkhiqizo . Uma ubeka izinombolo etafuleni, umbono womthelela ushintsha ngokuphelele.
Umphumela wokuqala ukulahleka kokukhiqiza . Uma iqembu labasebenzi lilahlekelwa imizuzu eyi-10 noma eyi-15 nsuku zonke ngenxa yesistimu ehamba kancane, ukuphahlazeka kwezinhlelo zokusebenza, noma ukulinda okungapheli lapho kuthunyelwa amafayela, amakhulu noma izinkulungwane zamahora okusebenza akhokhelwayo kodwa achithekile ayanqwabelana phakathi nonyaka. Lokhu kuthinta iminyango yokuphatha kanye namaqembu okuthengisa, okusekelayo, kanye ne-logistics.
Okwesibili, kukhona izindleko zamathuba . Umthengisi ongakwazi ukwethula isiphakamiso kukholi yevidiyo ngoba uhlelo luyawa, noma isayithi le-e-commerce elibhekana nokusebenza okuhamba kancane ngezikhathi ezimatasa, ulahlekelwa yimali engenayo. Lokhu ukuthengiswa okulahlekile, ezimweni eziningi, okungatholakali, futhi okubangela ukuthi kube nokuvinjelwa kwenethiwekhi okubonakala kuncane.
Esinye isici esingabonakali kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu ukucindezeleka kwengqondo kanye nesimo esibi somsebenzi wangaphakathi . Abantu abajwayele izindawo zobuchwepheshe ezikhululekile basheshe bakhungatheke lapho konke kuhamba kancane futhi kungathembeki. Lokhu kukhungatheka kuholela ekukhathaleni, ukukhononda njalo, futhi, esikhathini esiphakathi, kungashukumisela ithalente elibalulekile ukuba lifune izinkampani lapho ubuchwepheshe bungabavimbeli khona.
Okunye okungeziwe kukho konke lokhu ingozi yokuphepha . Ezinhlanganweni eziningi, ukuze "kuncishiswe" inethiwekhi, ukuhlola amaphakethe okujulile, ukuhlunga, noma imisebenzi yokuhlaziya okuqukethwe ikhutshaziwe ku-firewall, okushiya umnyango uvulekile ezinsongweni zangaphandle. Inethiwekhi engasebenzi kahle ivame ukwakheka kabi noma ivikelwe kabi, futhi ukuxilongwa okuphelele kusiza ukulinganisela ukusebenza nokuvikelwa. Ukubukeza ukucushwa kwenethiwekhi kanye ne-firewall yomsingathi kuyisihluthulelo sokugcina ukuphepha ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukusebenza.
Ekugcineni, uma inethiwekhi ingalingani kahle noma ingaqashwanga kahle, isikhathi sokungasebenzi siyanwetshwa ngokungadingekile . Noma yisiphi isigameko sithatha isikhathi eside ukuhlonza nokuxazulula, okungasho amahora amaningi imishini ingasebenzi futhi imisebenzi imisiwe. Ezinkampanini eziningi, ukuba nosuku lonke ngaphandle kohlelo kuholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwezezimali kanye namakhasimende anganelisekile.
Izinto ezibalulekile zokuhlolwa kwenethiwekhi yebhizinisi
Ukuxilongwa okuhle kwenethiwekhi akukhona nje "ukubheka i-router." Kumelwe kufake zonke izingqimba zengqalasizinda ye-IT : ngokomzimba, ngokwengqondo, ngezinsizakalo, ngokuphepha, kanye namadivayisi okugcina. Lezi yizinto zokwakha ezibaluleke kakhulu ezingenakulibaleka.
Isinyathelo sokuqala ngokuvamile ukuhlolwa kwengqalasizinda ebonakalayo kanye negumbi lokuxhumana . Lokhu kuhilela ukubuyekeza ukwakheka kwamaseva, ama-firewall, ama-router, amaswishi, amaphaneli okuhlanganisa, kanye namakhabethe e-rack, kanye nezimo zemvelo (izinga lokushisa, umoya opholile, uthuli). Indawo enokushisa ngokweqile noma ukuhlanzeka okubi iyindawo yokuzalela ukuphuka nokuphazamiseka okungalindelekile.
Ukuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi okuyinhloko kanye nemishini ehlobene nakho kuhlaziywa ngokuningiliziwe . Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-router ye-ISP, noma yiziphi izithiyo zomlilo ezinikezelwe, ama-load balancers, kanye nezixhumanisi zokusekelayo. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukulawulwa kwe-bandwidth, amachweba e-Gigabit Ethernet, izintambo ezifanele ezixhunywe ku-router, kanye nendawo yokufinyelela ehlukile (njengomugqa wesibili noma uxhumano lwe-4G/5G) ngezimo eziphuthumayo. Ezimweni eziningi, izinkinga zenethiwekhi ye-IP kanye ne-DNS nazo kufanele zihlolwe njengengxenye yokuhlaziywa.
Esinye isici esiyisisekelo ukubuyekezwa kwamaswishi . Lawa madivayisi ayinhliziyo yenethiwekhi enezintambo, enesibopho sokusabalalisa ithrafikhi phakathi kwamakhompyutha, amaseva, kanye nezindawo zokufinyelela ze-Wi-Fi. Ukuhlolwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amachweba asebenza ngesivinini sawo esiphezulu, ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini amamodeli amadala akhawulela ukusebenza, ukuthi ngabe ama-VLAN asetshenziswa kahle, nokuthi ngabe ithrafikhi ihlukaniswe ngokunengqondo nangokuphephile.
Ingxenye engenantambo idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Ukubukeza izindawo zokufinyelela ze-Wi-Fi kuhilela ukuhlola indawo yazo, ubuningi bamadivayisi axhunyiwe endaweni ngayinye, amandla okudlulisa, ukukhethwa kwesiteshi kanye nebhendi yemvamisa, kanye nezilungiselelo zokuphepha (ibhizinisi le-WPA2/WPA3, ukuqinisekiswa, njll.). Inethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi engaklanywanga kahle ingaba umthombo wezinkinga eziningi.
Okokugcina, ukuhlolwa kufanele kufake uhlu lwezinto ezisetshenziswayo kanye nokuhlaziywa kwazo zonke amadivayisi axhunywe kunethiwekhi . Amakhompyutha, amaseva, amaphrinta, amakhamera, omakhalekhukhwini, amathebhulethi, nanoma yimiphi eminye imishini ekwazi ukufinyelela kumele ikhonjwe, ihlukaniswe, futhi ihlotshaniswe nenqubomgomo yokuphepha. Lokhu kusiza ukuthola abangeneleli, amadivayisi aphelelwe yisikhathi, noma izinto okungafanele zibe lapho.
Inqubo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokuxilonga izinkinga zenethiwekhi
Ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okuphelele, izinkinga eziningi zansuku zonke zixazululwa ngokusebenzisa indlela yokuxilonga ehlelekile . Ukulandela njalo ukulandelana okufanayo kuvimbela ukuchitha amahora amaningi uqagela futhi kusiza ukugwema ukunganaki imininingwane eyisisekelo.
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuchaza inkinga ngokunembile . "Inethiwekhi ayithembekile" akufani nokuthi "Izingcingo zevidiyo ezivela ekamelweni elilodwa kuphela ezihlulekayo" noma "Iqembu labasebenzisi lilahlekelwa uxhumano lwabo izikhathi eziningana ngosuku." Uma uphawu lucacile (isikhathi sosuku, indawo, uhlobo lohlelo lokusebenza oluthintekile, imiyalezo yamaphutha), kuzoba lula kakhulu ukukhomba imbangela.
Okulandelayo, ukuxhumana okubonakalayo kuyahlolwa . Kuyamangaza ukuthi zingaki izinkinga ezixazululwa ngokuhlola izintambo, izixhumi, izintambo zokuxhuma, ama-wall jacks, kanye nezibani zokuxhuma kuma-switch nama-router. Intambo ekhululekile, i-port enephutha, noma intambo yokuxhuma esezingeni eliphansi kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu.
Uma ukusetha okubonakalayo kubonakala kulungile, sekuyisikhathi sokuhlola ukucushwa kwenethiwekhi . Lokhu kuhilela amakheli e-IP, ama-subnet mask, amasango, amaseva e-DNS, kanye nezilungiselelo ze-DHCP. Iphutha kunoma iyiphi yalezi zindawo lingabangela izingxabano ze-IP, izinkinga zokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi, noma ubunzima bokufinyelela izinsiza zangaphakathi; ngakho-ke, kuyalulekwa ukuthi uhlole kabili uma unemibuzo.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuqhuba izivivinyo zokuxilonga ukuxhumeka usebenzisa amathuluzi ayisisekelo njenge-ping kanye ne-traceroute. Lezi zinsiza zikuvumela ukuthi uhlole ukuthi ngabe i-host iyaphendula yini, ulinganise isikhathi sohambo lokuya nokubuya lwamaphakethe, bese ubona ukuthi ithrafikhi ithatha ini ukuze ifike lapho iya khona. Lokhu kusiza ukuthola ukulahleka kwamaphakethe, imizila engavamile, noma ama-node aphakathi anenkinga.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyalulekwa ukuthi ubheke amalogi emicimbi yama-router, amaswishi, ama-firewall, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Amalogi ngokuvamile aqopha ukwehluleka kwesikhombimsebenzisi, amaphutha okuqinisekisa, ukukhiya imithetho yokuphepha, noma ukuqala kabusha okungalindelekile, okunikeza izinkomba ezibalulekile mayelana nokuthi kwenzekani ngemuva kwezigcawu.
Ngalo lonke lolu lwazi, kuphakanyiswa izinyathelo ezithile zokulungisa : ukushintsha ukucushwa, ukubuyekeza i-firmware yedivayisi, ukufaka esikhundleni sekhebula, ukudala i-VLAN entsha, ukulungisa imithetho ye-firewall, noma ukuguqula amapharamitha e-QoS. Into ebalulekile ukusebenzisa izinguquko ngendlela elawulwayo, ngayinye ngesikhathi noma nini lapho kungenzeka, ukuze kulinganiswe umphumela wazo.
Ekugcineni, ngemva koshintsho ngalunye, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inkinga isixazululiwe yini . Uma iqhubeka, ukuhlaziywa kuyaphindwa ngedatha entsha, imibono iyalahlwa, bese kuhlolwa ezinye izindlela. Ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, indlela enengqondo iwukudlulisela lesi sigameko kochwepheshe benethiwekhi noma ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okuxilonga athuthukile.
Ukuxilongwa okuqondile kwamanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi enkampanini
Amanethiwekhi angenantambo ezindaweni zezinkampani anezinselele zawo. Nakuba ngaphandle kungase kubonakale sengathi “yi-Wi-Fi nje,” ukwakheka okungekuhle noma ukulungiswa okunganele kungathinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwayo yonke indawo.
Isici sokuqala okufanele usihlole ukumbozwa kwesignali . Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izindawo lapho abantu besebenza khona (izindawo zokusebenza, amakamelo emihlangano, izindawo zokugcina izinto, izindawo ezivamile) zinamandla anele esignali. Izinhlelo zokuhlola isignali zivame ukusetshenziselwa le njongo, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bahambehamba endaweni futhi bathole ukuthi amandla esignali ehla ngaphansi komkhawulo owamukelekayo.
Ngaphezu kokumbozwa, ikhwalithi yesignali kanye nenani labasebenzisi abasebenzisa ngasikhathi sinye endaweni ngayinye yokufinyelela kubalulekile. Indawo yokufinyelela egcwele, noma ngabe inesignali ebonakala ilungile, ingabangela ukuyeka ukusebenza, ukubambezeleka okuphezulu, kanye nokunqamuka. Ukulungisa inani lezindawo zokufinyelela, indawo yazo, kanye nokukhishwa kwamandla kwazo kubalulekile ekusabalaliseni umthwalo.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile ukucushwa okunengqondo kwenethiwekhi engenantambo : ama-SSID asetshenzisiwe, izinhlobo zokubethela, izindlela zokuqinisekisa, ukuhlukaniswa kwamaklayenti, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-VLAN, njll. Ukucushwa okungekuhle kungabeka engcupheni ukuphepha, kubangele ukungqubuzana kwe-IP, noma kuholele ekuzulazuleni okungekuhle lapho usuka endaweni eyodwa uye kwenye.
Ukuphazamiseka okuvela kwamanye amanethiwekhi namadivayisi akunakunganakwa . Ukuhlaziya i-spectrum yomsakazo kukuvumela ukuthi ubone amanethiwekhi angomakhelwane ahlangana neziteshi ezifanayo, ama-repeater angahlelwanga kahle, noma amadivayisi adala umsindo. Ukushintsha iziteshi, ukulungisa ama-band (2,4 GHz / 5 GHz), noma ukuhlela kabusha izindawo zokufinyelela kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuzinza.
Inqubo yokuxilonga iphetha ngokuxhumeka kwe -Wi-Fi kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza : ukuhlolwa kwesivinini ezindaweni ezahlukene, ukulinganiswa kokubambezeleka, ukuhlolwa kokuzulazula, kanye nokubuyekezwa kwamalogi okulawula angenantambo ukuthola amaphutha okuqinisekisa noma ukunqanyulwa okuvamile kwamadivayisi athile.
Ukuhlaziywa kokuphepha nokuqhubeka kwenethiwekhi yebhizinisi
Ngaphezu kokusebenza, ukuhlolwa kwenethiwekhi yobungcweti kumele kufake ukugxila okuqinile ekuphepheni kwe-inthanethi kanye nokuqhubeka kwesevisi . Inethiwekhi esheshayo ayisizi ngalutho uma igcwele ubuthakathaka obuvumela ukuhlaselwa ukuthi kungene, noma uma ukucima kukagesi kubangela ukuthi yonke into iwe ngaphandle kwesixwayiso.
Isici sokuphepha esinengqondo sihilela ukubuyekeza uhlelo lwenethiwekhi, amaphasiwedi, kanye nesofthiwe yokuphepha . Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuqinisekisa ukuhlukaniswa kwe-subnet noma i-VLAN, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi okhiye bokufinyelela abawona ubala, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izixazululo ze-antimalware zisesikhathini kumishini, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini ilungiselelwe kahle.
Izindlela zokulondoloza kanye nokulungisa inhlekelele nazo ziyahlolwa . Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani futhi kangaki ukulondoloza (kwasendaweni, kunethiwekhi, noma efwini), ukuthi kugcinwa isikhathi esingakanani, nokuthi yiziphi izinqubo ezikhona zokubuyisela idatha nezinsizakalo uma okuthile kuphuka noma kubethelwe yi-ransomware.
Ezingeni elibonakalayo, into ebalulekile yi- UPS, noma ugesi ongaphazamiseki . Ukuba ne-UPS enobukhulu obufanele futhi enakekelwe kahle kukuvumela ukuthi umelane nokuphazamiseka kukagesi isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuvala amaseva ngokuphephile, ukugcina imishini ebalulekile isebenza, nokuvimbela ukulahleka kwedatha noma ukulimala kwehadiwe.
Ekugcineni, inkampani iyahlola ukuthi inazo yini ezinye izinketho zokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi . Ulayini wesibili, uxhumano lweselula oluyisipele, noma isivumelwano nomunye umqhubi kungenza umehluko phakathi kokunqanyulwa ngokuphelele amahora noma ukuqhubeka nokusebenza ngemikhawulo ethile ngenkathi inkinga enkulu ixazululwa.
Zonke lezi zici, kuhlanganiswe nokuqapha okuqhubekayo kwenethiwekhi, kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuxilongwa akuyona into eyenzeka kanye kuphela, kodwa kuyingxenye yesu lokuqapha nokuthuthukisa njalo , kunciphisa amathuba okumangala okungathandeki kanye nesikhathi eside sokungasebenzi.
Ngamafuphi, ukuhlonza izinkinga kunethiwekhi yebhizinisi kuwumsebenzi ohlanganisa ukuhlaziywa kobuchwepheshe, ulwazi lwebhizinisi, kanye nokuqonda okuvamile: ukubuyekeza ingqalasizinda ebonakalayo, ukukala ukusebenza kwangempela, ukuqonda ukuthi abantu basebenza kanjani, ukuthola ubuthakathaka, nokusebenzisa izixazululo eziqondile ezibuyisela inethiwekhi endimeni yayo efanele njengenjini ethule evumela konke okunye ukuthi kusebenze kahle.
