Ukuxilongwa kwe-Wi-Fi: Indlela yokuhlaziya, ukuqonda, nokuthuthukisa inethiwekhi yakho

I-Informatec Digital » Izinsiza » Ukuxilongwa kwe-Wi-Fi: Indlela Yokuhlaziya, Ukuqonda, Nokuthuthukisa Inethiwekhi Yakho

Kulezi zinsuku, uma uxhumano lwakho olungenantambo luwohloka, impilo yedijithali icishe ime: ukusebenza ekhaya, uchungechunge lokusakaza, imidlalo eku-inthanethi, izingcingo zevidiyo... konke kuncike kunethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi ezinzile, esheshayo, nelungiselelwe kahle . Inkinga ukuthi uma okuthile kwehluleka, sivame ukungazi ukuthi siqale kuphi noma ukuthi yimaphi amathuluzi okufanele siwasebenzise ukuze sibone ukuthi kwenzekani ngempela.

Umgomo walesi sihloko ukukusiza uqonde ngokujulile ukuthi ungenza kanjani ukuhlolwa okuhle kwe-Wi-Fi usebenzisa amathuluzi ochwepheshe nawesistimu , yiziphi izilinganiso okufanele uzibheke, yimaphi amaphutha okufanele uwagweme, nokuthi ungayichaza kanjani imiphumela ukuze wenze izinqumo: ukushintsha isiteshi, ukuhambisa i-router, ukubuyekeza ihadiwe, noma ngisho nokuthola ukuthi inkinga ayikho yini ku-Wi-Fi kodwa kunethiwekhi enezintambo noma kumhlinzeki wakho we-inthanethi.

Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwe-Wi-Fi futhi kungani kubaluleke kangaka?

Uma sikhuluma ngokuxilonga i-Wi-Fi, sibhekisela enqubweni ehlelekile yokuhlola ukuthi inethiwekhi engenantambo isebenza kahle yini ngokwejubane, ukumbozwa, ukuzinza, kanye nokuphepha . Akugcini nje ngokwenza ukuhlolwa kwesivinini okungahleliwe, kodwa kunalokho kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa namathuluzi ahlukahlukene ukuze uthole isithombe sangempela salokho okwenzekayo.

Lolu hlobo lokuxilonga lukuvumela ukuthi uthole izinkinga ngaphambi kokuba abasebenzisi bakhononde : ukungasebenzi kahle ngezikhathi ezithile, ukubambezeleka okungavamile, izindawo ezifile, iziteshi eziminyene , ama-router aphelelwe yisikhathi, noma amaphutha okucushwa. Ezindaweni zobungcweti, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa isevisi eqhubekayo; ekhaya, kuvimbela "i-Wi-Fi yakudala imbi" ngaphandle kokwazi ukuthi kungani.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlaziywa okuhle kwe-Wi-Fi akubheki nje kuphela ingxenye engenantambo kodwa futhi nomthelela wenethiwekhi enezintambo, ama-router, izinkinga zokuxhumana ze-IP kanye ne-DNS , i-DHCP, kanye nokufinyelela i-inthanethi uqobo . I-Wi-Fi ivame ukusolwa uma inkinga empeleni kuyikhebula elinephutha noma i-router esiphelelwe yisikhathi, engahlelwanga kahle.

Izilinganiso ezibalulekile kunoma yikuphi ukuxilonga kwe-Wi-Fi

Ukuze wazi ukuthi i-Wi-Fi yakho isebenza kahle yini, akwanele nje ukuhlola ukuthi ibha yamandla esignali igcwele yini. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemingcele yokusebenza ezoboniswa yinoma yiliphi ithuluzi lokuxilonga elibalulekile, futhi kufanelekile ukuziqonda, ngisho nezisekelo nje, ukuze ukwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi kunokuba ungaboni.

Esinye sezici zokuqala amandla esignali atholiwe , avame ukulinganiswa nge-dBm. Ngezinjongo ezingokoqobo, uma usondela ku-0, kungcono, yize ku-Wi-Fi, kuvamile ukubona amanani aphakathi kuka--30 dBm (isignali enhle kakhulu) kanye naseduze kuka--80 dBm (asevele esemkhawulweni). Isignali ebuthakathaka kakhulu iholela ekuxhumekeni okunciphile, isivinini esisheshayo, kanye nesidingo sokuthumela kabusha amaphakethe.

Okuhlobene nalokhu yikhwalithi yesixhumanisi, noma i-SNR (Isilinganiso Sesignali kuya Kumsindo) , esilinganisa umehluko phakathi kwesignali esebenzisekayo nomsindo. Ungaba nesignali enhle kakhulu, kodwa uma isiteshi sigcwele ukuphazamiseka, ikhwalithi yangempela izoba yimbi. Amathuluzi athuthukile afana nabahlaziyi be-Wi-Fi noma amapulatifomu ochwepheshe abonisa le metric njengenani elisuka ku-0 kuya ku-100, lapho i-SNR ephezulu ibonisa uxhumano oluhlanzekile kakhulu.

Kubalulekile futhi ukucabangela ikhwalithi yesiteshi kanye namazinga okuphazamiseka . Uma amanethiwekhi namadivayisi amaningi abelana ngemvamisa nesiteshi, kulapho kushayisana khona kakhulu, izikhathi zokulinda, kanye nokuzama kabusha. Abahlaziyi be-Wi-Fi babonisa amagrafu eziteshi ezingu-2,4 GHz kanye ne-5 GHz ukuze babone ukuminyana futhi bathole izikhala ezitholakalayo zokuhambisa inethiwekhi yakho.

Esinye isimiso okungafanele singanakwa yisilinganiso sokuzama kabusha iphakethe noma sokudlulisa . Uma indawo yokufinyelela kufanele ithumele kabusha amaphakethe amaningi ngoba ingatholi isiqinisekiso esivela kuklayenti, isiteshi siyagcwala futhi i-bandwidth esebenzayo iyehla. Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yokuphazamiseka, ibanga elide, ukubekwa kabi kwe-AP, noma ngisho nokwehluleka kwehadiwe.

Okokugcina, udinga ukucabangela izinga le-Wi-Fi elisetshenziswa amadivayisi akho (802.11n, ac, ax, njll.) . Isizukulwane ngasinye esisha sithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, isivinini, kanye nokuphathwa kokuphazamiseka. Ukusebenzisa ama-router amadala noma izindawo zokufinyelela (i-Wi-Fi 4 noma i-Wi-Fi 5 eyisisekelo kakhulu) kunganciphisa ijubane lenethiwekhi yakho yonke, noma ngabe uxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi lushesha.

Amathuluzi athile okuxilonga amanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi

Ukuze wenze ngisho nokuxilongwa okungathí sina kangako, "ukubheka nje ibha ye-Wi-Fi" akwanele. Kulezi zinsuku, sinazo zonke izinto kusukela kuzinsiza ezihlanganisiwe ohlelweni lokusebenza kuya kuma-suite okuhlaziya i-RF athuthuke kakhulu. Okungcono kakhulu, kufanele uhlanganise eziningana, uvumelanise ithuluzi nohlobo lwenkinga ofuna ukuyixazulula kanye nendawo osebenza kuyo.

Uhlobo lwe-Acrylic Wi-Fi Analyzer

Isihlaziyi se-Wi-Fi esifana ne-Acrylic Wi-Fi Analyzer sikuvumela ukuthi uqaphe amanethiwekhi angenantambo aseduze ngesikhathi sangempela futhi uhlaziye amapharamitha esignali, isiteshi, isivinini, ukuphepha, kanye nekhwalithi ngokuningiliziwe . Siyithuluzi eliwusizo kakhulu kokubili emahhovisi asekhaya nawasemancane kuya kwaphakathi.

Phakathi kwemisebenzi yayo yokuxilonga ikhwalithi ye-Wi-Fi, okulandelayo kuyagqama:

• Ikhwalithi yesiteshiIlinganisa ukuphazamiseka kanye nobuningi benethiwekhi ngesiteshi ngasinye ukuze ikusize ukhethe isiteshi se-Wi-Fi esingcono kakhulu esitholakalayo futhi inciphise ukushayisana kanye nokulahleka kwamaphakethe.
• ikhwalithi yesignaliHlaziya amandla esignali yenethiwekhi endaweni ngayinye; uma isignali ibuthakathaka, uzokwazi ukuthi udinga ukuthuthukisa ukumbozwa (hambisa izindawo zokufinyelela, engeza iziphindaphindi, noma Ama-adaptha we-Powerline).
• Ukuphepha kwe-Wi-FiBuyekeza uhlobo lokubethela kanye nokucushwa ukuze unciphise ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe, okungaphezu kokuba yingozi, okungaba yehlisa izinga lokusebenza ukugcwala inethiwekhi ngaphandle kokuthi wena wazi.
• Isivinini sokudlulisa esisekelwe embonweni kanye nesoqobo: Ibonisa isivinini esiphezulu samadivayisi akho kanye nokusekelwa kwephuzu lokufinyelela ukuze ubone ukuthi udinga ukulungisa izilungiselelo noma ukuthuthukisa ihadiwe.
• I-Wi-Fi Standard 802.11Ibonisa ukuthi iyiphi indinganiso esetshenziswa yinethiwekhi ngayinye (isibonelo, i-802.11ac noma i-802.11ax) futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ubone ukuthi usabambeke yini kubuchwepheshe obudala obujezisa ikhwalithi nesivinini.
• I-SNR (ikhwalithi yesixhumanisi)Bala isilinganiso sesiginali nomsindo ukuze ubone ukuthi inkinga ingamandla noma umsindo esiteshini.
• Isilinganiso sokuzama kabusha: xwayisa uma amaphakethe amaningi kakhulu ethunyelwa, okuvame ukukhombisa ukuphazamiseka, indawo embi ye-AP, noma izinkinga zehadiwe.

Ukuze le misebenzi yokuxilonga iphelele, ezinye izindlela zokulinganisa (njenge-SNR noma izinga lokudlulisela ezingeni eliningiliziwe) zidinga amakhadi e-Wi-Fi ahambisana nemodi yokuqapha , okuyinto evamile ekuhlaziyweni kwe-RF kochwepheshe.

Amapulatifomu ochwepheshe afana ne-Ekahau

Ezindaweni ezinkulu zezinkampani (izibhedlela, amanyuvesi, izindawo zokugcina impahla, amahhovisi anezitezi eziningi, njll.) kusetshenziswa izixazululo ezisezingeni eliphezulu njenge-Ekahau, ezenzelwe ukuklama, ukuqinisekisa kanye nokwenza ngcono amanethiwekhi abalulekile e-Wi-Fi kusukela esigabeni sephrojekthi kuya ekusebenzeni kwansuku zonke.

U-Ekahau uvelele ngokunikeza:

• Umklamo obikezelayo: ikuvumela ukuthi uhlele inethiwekhi ngamapulani ngaphambi kokufaka noma yini, ulingisa ukumbozwa, umthamo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesiteshi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwesayithiIzilinganiso zomhlaba wangempela ziqoqwa ngokuhambahamba esikhaleni kusetshenziswa izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula (isibonelo, ku-iPadOS) kanye nehadiwe ezinikele njenge-Ekahau Sidekick, esebenza njenge inzwa ye-RF enembile kakhulu.
• Ukuhlaziywa kwangemva kokuthunyelwaUma inethiwekhi isifakiwe, idatha yangempela iqhathaniswa nomklamo ohleliwe ukuze kutholakale izikhala zokumboza, ukweqisa noma ukuntuleka komthamo, kanye nezinkinga zokuphazamiseka.
• Ukuhlaziywa kwe-RF spectrum: ihlola ngokuningiliziwe ikhwalithi yesiginali, umsindo, ukuphazamiseka kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesiteshi, ithola ngisho nemithombo engeyona i-Wi-Fi (ama-microwave, amadivayisi ahlukahlukene angenantambo, njll.).

Nokho, le pulatifomu ayihloselwe abasebenzisi basekhaya noma amahhovisi amancane angenabo abasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe : iyabiza, idinga ukuqeqeshwa, futhi incike kuhadiwe ekhethekile. Indawo yayo yemvelo yimiklamo edinga idatha ye-RF enembile kakhulu kanye nezinqumo zokuklama ezifanelekile ngokobuchwepheshe.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuxilonga zeselula: i-WiFiman nezinye ezifanayo

Uma udinga okuthile okusheshayo futhi okutholakala njalo ephaketheni lakho, izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula ezifana ne-WiFiman (kusukela ku-Ubiquiti) ziyindlela ethokozisayo yokuqapha , ukuhlaziya, kanye nokuxilonga amanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi kusuka ku-smartphone yakho.

Phakathi kwemisebenzi yayo evamile sithola:

• Uhlu lwe wonke amanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi aseduze (ama-SSID) ngolwazi mayelana nesignali, ibhendi kanye nohlobo lokuphepha.
• Izithombe ze ukusetshenziswa kweziteshi ku-2,4 GHz kanye ne-5 GHz ukuthola ngokushesha ukuthi yiziphi iziteshi eziminyene kakhulu.
• Skena inethiwekhi yendawo ukuze uthole wonke amadivayisi axhunyiwe (kufaka phakathi lezo ezifihliwe endaweni esobala) bese ubona idatha eningiliziwe ngayinye.
• Ukuhlolwa kwesivinini okuhlanganisiwe (ukuhlolwa kokulayisha nokulanda) kuseva eseduze, okuwusizo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kokuxhumeka.
• Umsebenzi we Isihlaziyi sesixhumanisi se-Wi-Fi, okubonisa indlela amandla esignali kudivayisi ashintsha ngayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngisho nalapho uhamba.

Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ngokuvamile zimahhala, azinazikhangiso, futhi ziyahambisana nanoma iyiphi ingqalasizinda ye-Wi-Fi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umenzi ungubani . Khumbula ukuthi ku-iOS, ezinye izici zingase zikhawulelwe yimikhawulo yesistimu (isibonelo, ukufinyelela okuncane kolwazi oluningiliziwe lomsakazo).

Amathuluzi e-Windows kanye ne-macOS akhelwe ngaphakathi okuxilonga i-Wi-Fi

Ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ngisho nesenti futhi ngaphandle kokufaka noma yini, kokubili iWindows ne-macOS zifaka izinsiza ezinamandla kakhulu ukuthola imibiko yokuxilonga, lapho ihunyushwa kahle, inikeza ulwazi oluningi mayelana nokuziphatha kwenethiwekhi engenantambo kanye nokuxhumeka okuvamile.

Umbiko wenethiwekhi engenantambo ku-Windows

I-Windows ifaka isici esingaziwa kangako kodwa esiwusizo kakhulu: umbiko wenethiwekhi engenantambo owenziwe nge-netsh . Leli thuluzi lidala ifayela le-HTML elinomlando wemicimbi ye-Wi-Fi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule, elifanele ukubona ukuthi izinkinga zenzeke nini futhi kanjani kanye neziqondiso ezengeziwe zokuxazulula izinkinga ze-Wi-Fi ku-PC yakho.

Inqubo ilula:

1. Vula imenyu yokusesha, thayipha u-“Command Prompt”, chofoza kwesokudla bese ukhetha u-“Run as administrator”.
2. Ewindini lomyalo, thayipha: netsh wlan show wlanreport bese ucindezela u-Enter.
3. I-Windows izokhiqiza umbiko we-HTML ongawuvula kusiphequluli sakho osithandayo.

Lowo mbiko uhlanganisa:

• Ishadi Lesifinyezo se-Wi-FiLokhu kubonisa izikhathi zokuxhuma zezinsuku ezintathu ezedlule. Indilinga ebomvu iphawula amaphutha; ukuchofoza kuyo kukhombisa ngqo okwenzekile.
• Ulwazi olujwayelekile oluvela embikweni: usuku lokudala kanye nohlu lwezinsuku oluhlanganisayo.
• Imininingwane Yesistimu: igama lekhompyutha, umenzi, imodeli, inguqulo ye-BIOS kanye nosuku, ukwakhiwa kwesistimu yokusebenza, isihlonzi sekhompyutha kanye nedatha mayelana nokuxhumeka kwayo (isb., ku-MDM).
• ulwazi lomsebenzisi yeseshini ekhiqize umbiko.
• Uhlu oluphelele lwama-adaptha enethiwekhi, okubonakalayo nokufihliwe, okunemininingwane efana negama, isihlonzi se-PnP, i-GUID, inguqulo yomshayeli kanye nosuku, izinkomba zesimo kanye nenombolo yokukhishwa uma ikhona.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbiko uhlanganisa imiphumela evela emiyalweni eminingana yenethiwekhi ewusizo kakhulu ekuxilongweni okuphelele:

• ipconfig / konke: ikhombisa ngokuningiliziwe isimo sawo wonke ama-adapter, amakheli e-IP kanye ne-MAC, ukucushwa kwe-DNS, ukuthi i-DHCP ivuliwe yini, njll.
• netsh wlan bonisa konke: inikeza isithombe esiphelele se-adaptha ye-Wi-Fi, amakhono, amaphrofayili amisiwe (ngaphandle kokubonisa okhiye) kanye namanethiwekhi atholwe ngesikhathi sombiko.
• I-CertUtil -store -thula Yami (kokubili ezingeni lomshini kanye nomsebenzisi): ibala izitifiketi zamanje, eziwusizo ezindaweni lapho ukuqinisekiswa kwe-Wi-Fi kuncike ezitifiketini.
• Ukukhishwa kwephrofayela ye-Wi-Fi okuningiliziwe igcinwe, ngaphandle kokudalula amaphasiwedi ngoba abethelwe.

Ingxenye ethi "Isifinyezo" yombiko iqukethe izibalo ezibalulekile: impumelelo yeseshini kanye nokwehluleka, izizathu zokunqamuka, ubude beseshini, kanye nohlu lwemicimbi olunekhodi enemibala. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi ukunqamuka kubangelwa yini isignali ebuthaka, amaphutha okuqinisekisa, izinkinga ze-router, noma izinkinga ngedivayisi yakho.

Kwiseshini ngayinye engenantambo, ilogi ibonisa igama le-interface, i-GUID yayo, imodi yokuxhuma (ngokwenziwa ngesandla, okuzenzakalelayo enephrofayili, njll.), iphrofayili esetshenzisiwe, i-SSID, uhlobo lwenethiwekhi (ingqalasizinda, okungahleliwe), ubude besikhathi seseshini, isizathu sokunqamuka, kanye nazo zonke izehlakalo ezihambisanayo. Kungumthombo wegolide wolwazi lokuhlonza amaphethini okwehluleka.

Ukuxilongwa Okungenantambo ku-macOS

I-Mac inethuluzi elithuthukisiwe elibizwa ngokuthi i-Wireless Diagnostics , elenzelwe ukuhlaziya uxhumano lwakho uma ungakwazi ukuxhuma ku-router kodwa unezinkinga zokulayisha amawebhusayithi, ukusebenzisa i-imeyili, noma ukusakaza okuqukethwe.

Uma uyisebenzisa, i-macOS ihlaziya indawo ye-Wi-Fi, bese kuthi uma isiqedile, ibonise uhlu lwezinkinga ezitholakele kanye nezixazululo ezingaba khona kanye nezincomo ezinhle kakhulu zokuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwenethiwekhi engenantambo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhiqiza ifayela elicindezelwe elinolwazi olunemininingwane yesistimu, inethiwekhi, kanye nelogi olungaba usizo kakhulu kumphathi, ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe komhlinzeki wakho we-inthanethi, noma uchwepheshe we-IT. Leli fayela:

• Ilondolozwe endleleni / var / tmp.
• Inegama eliqala ngo-“WirelessDiagnostics” bese liphela ngo-“.tar.gz”.
• Ingatholakala kalula kusuka ku-Finder usebenzisa inketho ethi "Go to Folder" bese uthayipha indlela ehambisanayo.

Lolu lwazi luhlanganisa idatha yesixhumi esibonakalayo, ukucushwa, amalogi emicimbi, kanye neminye imininingwane esiza ekutholeni ukuphazamiseka ngezikhathi ezithile, izinkinga ze-DHCP noma ze-DNS, ukuphazamiseka, noma amaphutha okucushwa kwe-router.

Isivinini se-Wi-Fi, ukubambezeleka, kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza

Mhlawumbe ingxenye ethandwa kakhulu yanoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwe-Wi-Fi ukuhlolwa kwesivinini. Kodwa-ke, uma kwenziwa ngaphandle kwendlela, kuholela ekudidekeni. Kubalulekile ukuqonda kahle ukuthi yini elinganiswayo nokuthi yimaphi amathuluzi okufanele uwasebenzise ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinkinga zenethiwekhi yangaphakathi nezinkinga zokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi.

Ukuhlolwa kwesivinini se-Wi-Fi kwenziwa kanjani futhi kanjani

Ukuhlolwa kwesivinini se-Wi-Fi kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukuthi inethiwekhi engenantambo kanye nokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi kuletha umkhawulokudonsa olindelekile njalo yini . Uma kuklanywe kahle, kungasetshenziswa ukuqhathanisa izinguquko zokucushwa, ukuthola ukwehla kwesevisi, nokubona ukuthi ukusebenza kuzinzile yini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Okungcono kakhulu, kufanele uhlanganise izinhlobo ezimbili zamaseva okuhlola:

• Amaseva esivinini angaphandle, njenge-speedtest.net ka-Ookla noma i-Fast.com ka-Netflix, ezilinganisa ukusebenza kwe-inthanethi kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni.
• Amaseva okuhlola angaphakathi kunethiwekhi yendawo, kusetshenziswa amathuluzi afana ne-iPerf, alinganisa kuphela ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi yangaphakathi ngaphandle kokuncika kwikhwalithi ye-ISP noma imizila yangaphandle.

Ukuhlolwa kwangaphandle kubheka izinto ezingaphezu kwamandla akho (umzila we-inthanethi, ukuminyana kwe-ISP, ukusebenza kweseva ekude), kuyilapho nge-iPerf ungagxila ku-Wi-Fi yakho kanye nenethiwekhi yangaphakathi enezintambo . Ngokuvamile, i-iPerf ifakwa njengeseva kukhompyutha enezintambo futhi iklayenti lisebenza kusuka kudivayisi ye-Wi-Fi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyalulekwa ukwenza isivivinyo sesivinini esixhunywe ngocingo ngokuxhuma i-laptop ngqo ku-router noma iswishi eseduze nendawo yokufinyelela bese usebenzisa izivivinyo ezifanayo. Lokhu kuzokunikeza isisekelo esixhunywe ngocingo ukuze uqhathanise nemiphumela ye-Wi-Fi . Uma ungasafinyeleli isivinini sakho esinqunyiwe ngekhebula, inkinga ingaphambi kokuba ufinyelele uxhumano lwe-Wi-Fi.

Ukubambezeleka kanye ne-ping: lokho ezikushoyo ngempela

Umyalo odumile we-ping usucishe ube yisilinganiso esivamile sabadlali be-inthanethi, kodwa kufanelekile ukucacisa ukuthi ulinganisa ini nokuthi imiphi imikhawulo yawo, kanye nokuqonda ukubambezeleka kwe-Wi-Fi.

I-ICMP ingenye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu kunethiwekhi, ngakho-ke izikhathi zokuphendula zingathinteka umthwalo we-CPU wendawo oya kuyo kanye nethrafikhi yenethiwekhi ngaleso sikhathi . Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-ping ephezulu ayisho njalo ukuthi zonke izinhlelo zakho zokusebenza zinaleyo latency efanayo.

Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile: i-ping ephezulu, isibonelo, engu-27 ms isho imizuzwana engu-0,027. Isikhathi sokusabela esivamile somuntu singaba ngu-200 ms (imizuzwana engu-0,2) noma ngaphezulu. Ngamanye amazwi, umehluko phakathi kuka-50 ms no-100 ms we-ping awuyona imbangela yokulahlekelwa umdlalo , yize ungabonakala ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zezwi nevidiyo ezibucayi kakhulu.

Kunokuba ugxile kakhulu kunombolo eyodwa, kungcono ukubheka amaphethini: ukukhuphuka kwe-latency, ukuhlukahluka okukhulu phakathi kwamaphakethe, noma ukwanda kwe-clear okuhambisana nokugcwala kwenethiwekhi yesiteshi noma yomhlinzeki. Futhi, ukuqhathanisa i-wired ping ne-Wi-Fi ping kuyasiza kakhulu ukuthola umthombo wenkinga.

Lungiselela izivivinyo ngendlela efanele futhi ugweme amaphutha ajwayelekile

Ukuze imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-Wi-Fi ibe nenjongo, kubalulekile ukugcina ukuhambisana endleleni yokusebenza . Ukushintsha amadivayisi, ukulungisa ububanzi beziteshi, noma ukushintshashintsha kwamandla okudlulisela phakathi kokuhlolwa kwenza kube nzima ukuqhathanisa idatha ngokuthembekile.

Imithetho embalwa eyisisekelo:

• Sebenzisa njalo i- idivayisi efanayo yeklayenti kuzo zonke izivivinyo, njengoba idivayisi ngayinye inamakhono ahlukene (inani lama-antenna, izinga le-Wi-Fi, ukwesekwa kwesiteshi, njll.).
• Ungashintshi imodeli yephoyinti lokufinyelela Phakathi kokuqhathanisa, futhi uma ama-AP eqhathaniswa, kufanele abe nemininingwane efanayo (isizukulwane se-Wi-Fi esifanayo, iziteshi zomsakazo ezifanayo, njll.).
• Gcina izimo zemvelo: isiteshi esifanayo, i-bandwidth efanayo, amandla okudlulisa afanayo, umthwalo wamakhasimende olinganayo, futhi lapho kungenzeka khona, izinga elifanayo lokuphazamiseka.
• Bhala phansi imiphumela, izikhathi, kanye nezimo zokuhlolwa ngakunye ukuze ufinyelele iziphetho futhi ungathembeli esilinganisweni esisodwa esihlukile.

Iphutha elivame kakhulu ukugxila kuphela esivinini sokulanda , ukunganaki isivinini sokulayisha. Ezweni lezokuxhumana, ukusakaza, kanye nezingcingo zevidiyo, isivinini sokulayisha sibaluleke ngendlela efanayo. Uma izivivinyo zakho zibonisa isivinini sokulanda esifanele kodwa isivinini sokulayisha esibi, uzoba nenkinga yokuthumela ividiyo, ukulayisha amafayela amakhulu, noma ukwabelana ngesikrini sakho.

Indlela yokuthuthukisa isivinini kanye nokuzinza kwe-Wi-Fi yakho

Ukuxilongwa okuphelele kuvame ukuholela eziphethweni ezifanayo: kungaba ihadiwe ayanele, isiteshi siminyene, noma inethiwekhi enezintambo ayanele. Empeleni, kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuthuthukisa isivinini esimaphakathi senethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi.

Ukuthuthukisa ihadiwe: lapho imishini isiphelelwe yisikhathi

Uma izindawo zakho zokufinyelela noma i-router ziphelelwe yisikhathi (isibonelo, zisekela kuphela i-802.11 noma i-802.11ac ngaphandle kwezici ezithuthukisiwe), cishe zizoba yisithiyo, noma ngabe unecebo elihle le-fiber optic . Ama-chip e-Wi-Fi 6/6E kanye ne-Wi-Fi 7 anamuhla anikeza ukuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo ekusebenzeni kahle, ukuphathwa kwamakhasimende amaningi, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-spectrum.

Ukuthuthukela emishinini yamanje kuvame ukuhlinzeka:

• Ukuphathwa kokuphazamiseka okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokubambezeleka okuphansi.
• Umthamo omkhulu wokuphatha amadivayisi amaningi axhunyiwe ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Ukusekelwa kwamabhendi abanzi kanye nobubanzi beziteshi (isb., i-6 GHz eneziteshi ezihlanzekile kakhulu).
• Amaprosesa anamandla amakhuluikwazi ukuphatha ukubethela okunamandla ngaphandle kokuthinta kakhulu isivinini.

Isici esingakhangi kangako yizindleko: ukuthuthukisa ama-router/izindawo zokufinyelela kanye namadivayisi amakhasimende (omakhalekhukhwini, ama-laptop, njll.) kunomthelela wezezimali, futhi ukuhlala usesizukulwaneni sakamuva kungabiza kakhulu. Indlela enengqondo ukuthuthukisa kuphela uma ukuhlolwa kukhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi ihadiwe yamanje ifinyelela umkhawulo wayo.

Khetha isiteshi se-Wi-Fi esinomthamo omncane

Enye inzuzo enkulu ukuthola iziteshi ezingaxinene kakhulu. Kumanethiwekhi amaningi asekhaya, ama-router akhiywe emaqenjini amabili eziteshi ze-5 GHz ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yibo bonke omakhelwane, kuyilapho ibhendi ye-6 GHz, lapho itholakala khona, ihlala ingaphazanyiswa.

Ezindaweni zebhizinisi, amanethiwekhi ngokuvamile aklanywa kucatshangwa umthamo kunokuba kube yisivinini esiphezulu , kusetshenziswa zonke iziteshi ezitholakalayo kodwa ngama-bandwidth amancane, okusiza ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kweziteshi ezabiwe. Ekhaya, okuphambene nalokho kuyiqiniso: iziteshi ezimbalwa, zibanzi kakhulu, futhi zigcwele omakhelwane abancintisanayo.

Abahlaziyi be-Wi-Fi babonisa ukuthi mangaki amanethiwekhi ahlanganayo esiteshini ngasinye. Uma ubona ama-SSID amaningi ebekwe ebangeni elifanayo lemvamisa, kusheshe kucace ukuthi ukuminyana, ama-ping angazinzile, kanye nesivinini esisheshayo ngesikhathi samahora aphezulu kuvelaphi.

Ngokuthuthela inethiwekhi yakho esiteshini esihlanzekile , ungathuthukisa isivinini kanye nokubambezeleka ngaphandle kokushintsha i-router yakho noma umhlinzeki we-inthanethi. Eqinisweni, ukunciphisa inani lamaphuzu okufinyelela kanye namakhasimende abelana ngesiteshi ngokuvamile kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokunciphisa i-ping kanye nokuzinzisa ukusebenza.

Umthelela wokuphepha kwe-Wi-Fi ekusebenzeni kahle

Ukubethela akuyona into ongayikhetha: akufanele neze kube yisizathu sokushiya inethiwekhi ivuliwe. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi uhlobo lokuphepha luthinta isivinini, ngoba uhlaka ngalunye kumele lubethelwe futhi lususwe ukubethela kuzo zombili izinhlangothi, okusebenzisa izinsiza ze-CPU ne-Wi-Fi chipset, kodwa kulezi zinsuku i-router enhle isekela ukubethela okunamandla ngaphandle kokunciphisa kakhulu isivinini.

Ukuze benze ukuqhathanisa okunembile kakhulu, abanye ochwepheshe basungula inethiwekhi yesikhashana ngaphandle kokubethela futhi benze izivivinyo ezilawulwayo, becabangela ezinye izinyathelo zokuphepha eziyisisekelo:

• Yihlukanise nezinye iziteshi, zombili ezinezintambo nezingenantambo.
• Yinike amandla kuphela ngesikhathi esidingekayo kakhulu sokuhlola.
• Khubaza amasevisi afana ne-DHCP uma engadingeki, ukuvimbela amadivayisi angagunyaziwe ukuthi afinyelele inethiwekhi.

Ngaphandle kwalezi zimo zelebhu, kuyalulekwa ukuthi uhlale usebenzisa izinqubo zokuphepha zesimanje (isibonelo i-WPA2-AES noma i-WPA3) futhi wamukele umthelela omncane wokusebenza njengentengo efanelekile yokukhokhela ukuba nenethiwekhi evikelwe.

Kufanele uyihlole nini futhi kangaki i-Wi-Fi yakho?

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Wi-Fi akufanele kwenziwe kuphela uma "kukhona okuphukile." Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kuyasiza kakhulu ekutholeni ukuwohloka kancane kancane , izinguquko ekugcwalisweni kweziteshi (isibonelo, uma omakhelwane bengeza amanethiwekhi amaningi), noma izinkinga ezivela ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela.

Kumanethiwekhi ezinkampani, kukhona ngisho nezixazululo zokuqinisekisa isevisi ezisekelwe ku-AI eziqapha njalo ukuziphatha kwe-Wi-Fi futhi zithumele izexwayiso lapho ukusebenza kwehla ngaphansi kokujwayelekile, ngaphambi kokuba abasebenzisi bavule ngisho namathikithi okusekela. Lokhu kuvumela impendulo esheshayo, ukuhambisana kwemicimbi, kanye nokulungiswa kwenethiwekhi okuseduze nesikhathi sangempela.

Ekhaya noma endaweni encane yehhovisi, kwanele ukwenza izivivinyo zesivinini, ukuhlaziywa kweziteshi, kanye nokuhlolwa okuyisisekelo njalo, futhi noma nini lapho ushintsha ama-router noma abahlinzeki be-inthanethi, noma ufaka amadivayisi amaningi amasha. Ukugcina irekhodi elifushane lalezi zivivinyo kukusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi inethiwekhi iyathuthuka, iyawohloka, noma uma kukhona amaphethini okuminyana kuye ngesikhathi sosuku.

Uma ucabanga ngakho konke okungenhla, kusobala ukuthi ukuhlonza kahle inethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi kudlulela ngalé kokubuka ibha yesiginali noma ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwesivinini okungahleliwe. Kudinga ukuhlanganisa amathuluzi esistimu (njenge-Windows Wireless Network Report noma i-macOS Wireless Diagnostics), abahlaziyi abazinikele (njenge-Acrylic noma i-WiFiman), ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwangaphakathi nangaphandle, futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukuqonda izibalo ezifana namandla esiginali, i-SNR, ikhwalithi yesiteshi, izinga lokuzama kabusha, umthwalo weklayenti, kanye nesimo senethiwekhi enezintambo . Uhlome ngalolu lwazi, kulula kakhulu ukukhomba ukuthi inkinga isesiteshini esiminyene, i-router esiphelelwe yisikhathi, ukusethwa kokuphepha okungalungiselelwe kahle, ikhebula, noma ngisho nomhlinzeki wakho wesevisi ye-inthanethi, bese usebenzisa ikhambi elifanele esikhundleni sokuzama izinto ngokungacabangi.