Umehluko phakathi kweWindows ne-macOS: umhlahlandlela ophelele wokukhetha

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Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-Windows PC kanye ne-macOS Mac kungaphezu nje kwendaba yokuzikhethela komuntu siqu: kuhilela ukuzibophezela ohlelweni oluthile lwe-ecosystem, ulwazi lomsebenzisi, kanye nesethi yemikhawulo . Uma ucabanga ukuthuthukisa ikhompyutha yakho, noma ufuna nje ukuthuthukisa ukusetha kwakho kwamanje, ukuqonda lo mehluko kungakugcinela imali eningi kanye nokukhungatheka.

Eminyakeni edlule, kuye kwaba nempi encane phakathi kwabasebenzisi be-Windows abathembekile nabalandeli be-Apple abaqinile . Kodwa-ke, ngale kwemibono yomuntu siqu, idatha engaguquki emlandweni, isikhombimsebenzisi, ukusebenza, ukuphepha, ukuhambisana kwesofthiwe, intengo, kanye nokuhlanganiswa namanye amadivayisi kuchaza ngokucacile amandla esistimu ngayinye yokusebenza nokuthi yiluphi uhlobo lomsebenzisi olufanelekela kangcono.

Umlando omfushane we-Windows ne-macOS: izindlela ezimbili ezihluke kakhulu

I-Windows ne-macOS zazalwa zinefilosofi ephikisanayo , futhi lokho kusabonakala nanamuhla endleleni ezisetshenziswa ngayo kanye nohlobo lomsebenzisi ezikhanga ngalo.

IMicrosoft yethule iWindows yokuqala yezentengiselwano ngo-1985, iWindows 1.0, njengesendlalelo sesithombe phezu kwe-MS-DOS. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, uhlelo luye lwathuthuka ngezinyathelo ezibalulekile njengeWindows 95, XP, 7, 8, 10, kanye neWindows 11 yamanje. Lo mzila uchaza ukuba khona kwayo okukhulu emabhizinisini, ezikhungweni zemfundo, nasemakhaya, kanye nokuhambisana kwayo okubanzi nazo zonke izinhlobo zehadiwe.

I-Apple, yona, yakha i-macOS yamanje kusukela ku-Mac OS X, eyethulwa ngo-2001 futhi yaba ngumlandeli wobuchwepheshe be-Unix. Ukuhlanganiswa kwesisekelo esiqinile se-Unix esinesixhumi esibonakalayo esenziwe ngokucophelela kwenza ama-Mac athandwa kakhulu ngabadali, abathuthukisi, kanye nabasebenzisi ababeka phambili ukuzinza nokuklama. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-macOS ifake izici ezifana ne-Launchpad, i-Mission Control, kanye nokuhlanganiswa okujulile ne-iPhone ne-iPad.

Nakuba iWindows igcina isabelo semakethe esikhulu kakhulu emhlabeni wonke , ukusetshenziswa kwe-macOS kukhule kakhulu eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zobungcweti nezokudala lapho ukuthembeka kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-Apple ecosystem kubhekwa khona kakhulu. Ungabheka ukuhlaziywa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezivame kakhulu ukuze ubone ukuthi zombili zime kanjani esimweni samanje.

Isixhumi esibonakalayo kanye nolwazi lomsebenzisi: ubuncane uma kuqhathaniswa nokwenza ngokwezifiso

Ngokombono womsebenzisi obonakalayo nowansuku zonke, umehluko phakathi kweWindows ne-macOS uyabonakala kusukela ngomzuzu wokuqala wokusebenzisa . Zombili zithuthuke kakhulu eminyakeni edlule, kodwa zisathembele ezindleleni ezihlukene kakhulu.

Ku-macOS, isikhombimsebenzisi sisekelwe kubha yemenyu eqondile phezulu kwesikrini kanye neDokhi yezinhlelo zokusebenza. Umklamo uhlanzekile, ulula, futhi uhambisana kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlelo , okwenza kube lula ngisho nabasebenzisi abasaqalayo ukuthi bakhululeke ngesikhathi esifushane. Izici ezifana ne-Mission Control, ama-desktop amaningi, kanye ne-Spotlight kwenza kube lula ukuhlela amafasitela nokuthola amafayela nezinhlelo zokusebenza ngokushesha.

I-Windows, ikakhulukazi ku-Windows 10 kanye ne-Windows 11, ithuthukise ukubukeka kwayo ukuze ikwenze kube yesimanje, kodwa igcina izinto ezijwayelekile njengemenyu yokuqala kanye ne-taskbar . Ku-Windows 11, inkinobho yokuqala ibekwe phakathi ngokuzenzakalelayo, enezithonjana eziyindilinga kanye nezithombe ezibushelelezi. Amandla amakhulu e-Microsoft lapha ukuguquguquka: abasebenzisi bangahambisa, bashintshe, futhi benze ngezifiso cishe yonke into ngendlela abayithandayo.

Lokhu kuguquguquka kunesinye isici: I-Windows izama ukufaka igundane, ikhibhodi, isikrini sokuthinta, kanye nepeni yedijithali ngasikhathi sinye . Lokhu kunikeza amathuba amaningi, kodwa kungaholela nasekungahambelani, ikakhulukazi ngezinhlelo ezindala ezazingaklanyelwe izixhumi zokuthinta futhi ngezinye izikhathi zibonakala sengathi zivela kwenye inkathi.

Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-macOS ithatha indlela eqinile kakhulu: konke kuklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa nekhibhodi, igundane, noma i-trackpad , enezimpawu zokuthinta eziningi ezicwengekile kakhulu. Umuzwa ojwayelekile ungomunye wesistimu efanayo lapho cishe zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza zilandela khona iziqondiso zokuklama ezifanayo. Intengo yalokhu kuvumelana ukuthi uzoba nendawo encane yokwenza ngokwezifiso isikhombimsebenzisi ngendlela oyithandayo uma ujabulela ukushintsha yonke imininingwane.

Ihadiwe kanye nokuhambisana: ukuhlukahluka uma kuqhathaniswa nokulawula okuphelele

Uma kukhona into eyodwa echaza ulwazi lwe-Windows kanye ne-macOS, yindlela ezisebenzisana ngayo nehadiwe. Ziyimodeli ezimbili ezihluke kakhulu.

Ama-Windows angafakwa kumakhompyutha avela kubakhiqizi abaningi: i-HP, i-Lenovo, i-Dell, i-ASUS, i-Acer, nabanye abaningi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungathola ama-PC e-Windows angaphansi kwama-€300 kanye nezindawo zokusebenza zobungcweti ngama-euro ayizinkulungwane eziningana . Ungakha futhi i-PC yakho ngezingxenye, uthuthukise izingxenye noma nini lapho ufuna, futhi ukhethe kusuka ezinhlobonhlobo zezesekeli, kusukela kumagundane namakhibhodi kuya kumakhadi wehluzo kanye nama-monitor akhethekile.

Kuma-macOS, okuphambene nalokho kuyiqiniso: uhlelo lutholakala ngokusemthethweni kumakhompyutha e-Mac kuphela, njenge-iMac, i-Mac mini, i-MacBook Air, kanye ne-MacBook Pro. I-Apple iklama ihadiwe kanye nesofthiwe njengohlelo oluvaliwe , olunendawo encane kakhulu yokuthuthukiswa kwangaphakathi. Inzuzo ukuthi uhlelo luhlelwe kahle kuze kube semininingwaneni yokugcina yalezo zingxenye, okuholela ekusebenzeni okuzinzile kakhulu kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okuvumelanayo kakhulu kulo lonke uhla lomkhiqizo.

Le ndlela elawulwayo ibe nomqondo ongcono kakhulu ngokuthuthela ku- Apple Silicon (ama-M1, ama-M2 chips, njll.), lapho ukuhlanganiswa phakathi kweprosesa, ihluzo, kanye nesistimu yokusebenza kuqinile kakhulu . Umphumela uba ukusebenza kahle kwamandla okumangalisayo kanye nokusebenza okuqinile ngisho nasemisebenzini enzima, kodwa usakhawulelwe kwihadiwe i-Apple ekhetha ukuyithengisa.

Kungenzeka ukufaka i-macOS kwi-PC ejwayelekile (i-"Hackintosh" edumile), kodwa ngaphandle kokwephula ilayisensi ye-Apple , inqubo iyinkimbinkimbi futhi ukusebenza kwayo akukaze kube lula njengakwi-Mac yangempela. Empeleni, uma ufuna ukusebenzisa i-macOS, into enengqondo okufanele uyenze ukuthenga i-Mac.

Isofthiwe, izinhlelo zokusebenza kanye nemidlalo: i-massive ecosystem vs ikhathalogi ekhethiwe eyengeziwe

Ngokuhambisana nohlelo, iWindows isenenzuzo ecacile , yize igebe liye lancipha kwezinye izindawo.

Ku-Windows uzothola cishe yonke into: isofthiwe yebhizinisi, amathuluzi ochwepheshe akhethekile, ama-suites amaningi ehhovisi, izinkulungwane zezinsiza, kanye nenqwaba yekhathalogi yemidlalo yevidiyo . Amapulatifomu afana ne-Steam, i-Epic Games Store, kanye ne-Xbox Game Pass alungiselelwe i-Windows, futhi izihloko eziningi ze-AAA zikhishwa kucatshangelwa le nkundla.

Sekuyiminyaka, i-macOS inedumela lokuba nezinhlelo zokusebenza nemidlalo embalwa. Kodwa-ke, ikhathalogi yayo ikhule kakhulu. I-Mac App Store kanye nokusatshalaliswa okuqondile ngabathuthukisi kunikeza ukukhetha okuhle kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zobungcweti zokuhlela amavidiyo, ukuklama izithombe, ukukhiqizwa komculo, kanye nokuthuthukiswa. Izinhlelo ezifana ne-Final Cut Pro kanye ne-Logic Pro zilungiselelwe kakhulu i-Mac futhi zinezinto ezimbalwa ezifanayo ngqo ku-Windows. Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izinhlelo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni zebhizinisi esigabeni sezinhlelo zokusebenza zebhizinisi.

Emkhakheni wesofthiwe yehhovisi kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile, amathuluzi amaningi manje asezinkundleni ezahlukene : iziphequluli ezifana ne-Chrome noma i-Firefox, amasuite afana ne-Microsoft 365, izinsizakalo ezifana ne-Slack ne-Zoom, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu eziqhubekayo zisebenza ngendlela efanayo noma cishe ngendlela efanayo kuzo zombili izinhlelo. Umehluko usezindaweni ezithile ezikhethekile: izinhlelo ezithile zokuphatha ibhizinisi noma izixazululo zefa zisebenza kuphela ku-Windows, kuyilapho ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-iPhone ne-Mac kudinga i-macOS ngokuphelele.

Uma kukhulunywa ngemidlalo, isithombe sihlala sicacile: uma ufuna ukudlala cishe konke okuphumayo, i-Windows iyindlela ephephile . Kunemidlalo ye-Mac, yebo, kodwa ukukhetha kuncane futhi ukwesekwa kuvame ukufika kamuva noma kunemikhawulo. Abadlali abaningi bakhetha i-Mac ngomsebenzi kanye ne-Windows PC yokudlala imidlalo, noma bamane bakhethe i-Windows kukho konke uma imidlalo iyinto eza kuqala.

Ukuphepha kwesistimu, ukuzinza kanye nokugcinwa kwayo

Ukuphepha kungenye yezimpikiswano ezivame ukucashunwa kulokhu kuqhathanisa. Ngokwesiko, i-macOS ibilokhu ibhekwa njengohlelo oluphephile noluzinzile kune-Windows , kodwa umongo ushintshile eminyakeni edlule.

Isikhathi eside, isabelo esikhulu semakethe se-Windows senza kwaba yisisulu esiyinhloko samagciwane, ama-Trojans, nazo zonke izinhlobo ze-malware. Ukufaka i-antivirus yomuntu wesithathu kanye namathuluzi okuphepha engeziwe kwakucishe kube yimpoqo , ngezinye izikhathi kuthinta ukusebenza kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza. Ngokuthuthuka kwe-Windows Defender kanye nokuvuselelwa kokuphepha okuvamile , isimo sithuthuke kakhulu, yize sisalokhu sisengozini kakhulu kune-macOS.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Apple, ikhethe kusukela ekuqaleni indlela evaliwe kakhulu: izindlela ezifana ne-Gatekeeper, ukubethela kwe-FileVault, kanye nokusayina uhlelo lokusebenza kunciphisa ingozi yokufakwa kwe-malware. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isisekelo esincane sabasebenzisi uma siqhathaniswa ne-Windows ngokomlando senze i-macOS ingabi nenzuzo kangako kubahlaseli.

Nokho, namuhla, ama-Mac awasabonakali ku-malware. Ukuthandwa okwandayo kwe-macOS kulethe ukwanda kwesithakazelo esivela kubagebengu be-cyber . Nakuba ukuhlaselwa okukhulu okufana nokwe-Windows kusavamile, akuhlakaniphile ukucabanga ukuthi i-Mac "ayinakulimaza" futhi ungayinaki nhlobo imikhuba emihle yokuphepha.

Ngokuphathelene nokugcinwa kwesistimu, i-Apple igxile ekwenzeni cishe yonke into ngokuzenzakalela: ukuhlanza, ukwenza ngcono, kanye nemisebenzi eminingi yokulungisa isebenza ngemuva , okudinga ukungenelela okuncane komsebenzisi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Windows inikeza ukulawula okwengeziwe kokuthi izibuyekezo zenzeka nini futhi kanjani, kodwa lokhu kusho futhi ukunaka kakhulu ukuhlanza okuvamile, ukuphathwa kwesikhala sediski, izibuyekezo zomshayeli, kanye neminye imisebenzi yokulungisa eyisisekelo.

Abasizi be-ecosystem, ukuhlanganiswa, kanye ne-AI

Ngaphandle kohlelo lokusebenza ngokwalo, ulwazi olutholayo nge-Windows noma i-macOS luncike kakhulu ohlelweni oluzungezile kanye nendlela amadivayisi akho axhumana ngayo.

I-Apple inikeza indawo evaliwe kakhulu kodwa ehlanganiswe kahle kakhulu: uma une-iPhone, i-iPad, i-Apple Watch, noma i-AirPods, i-macOS iba yisikhungo somyalo esifanele . I-Handoff ikuvumela ukuthi uqale umsebenzi ku-iPhone yakho bese uwuqhubeka ku-Mac yakho, i-AirDrop yenza kube lula ukuthumela amafayela phakathi kwamadivayisi e-Apple ngemizuzwana, futhi i-iCloud ivumelanisa izithombe, amanothi, amaphasiwedi, namadokhumenti ngaphandle kokufaka komsebenzisi.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iWindows ayilawuli ihadiwe ngendlela efanayo, kodwa inikeza ukuhambisana okubanzi kakhulu nazo zonke izinhlobo zamadivayisi nezinsizakalo . Ngaphezu kwalokho, iMicrosoft ihlanganisa ngokwengeziwe izici zobuhlakani obusekelwe efwini kanye nobokwenziwa, njengokuvumelanisa namadivayisi eselula e-Android, ukusetshenziswa kwe-OneDrive, kanye nokuba khona kwewebhu kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu eziqhubekayo ngaphakathi kwesistimu.

Emkhakheni we-AI, umehluko nawo ubalulekile. I-Windows 11 ifaka i-Copilot, umsizi wobuhlakani bokwenziwa onesifiso esikhulu kakhulu kunabasizi bendabuko . I-Copilot ayiphenduli nje imibuzo kuphela, kodwa futhi ingafingqa amadokhumenti amade, isize ekuxazululeni izinkinga zesistimu, ihlaziye izithombe, futhi isize nasekuhleleni izinhlelo isebenzisa i-GitHub Copilot, konke lokhu kuhlanganiswa okujulile ohlelweni lokusebenza uqobo.

Ku-macOS, umsizi owakhelwe ngaphakathi yi-Siri, enendlela elondolozayo egxile emiyalweni eyisisekelo : ukuvula izinhlelo zokusebenza, ukusesha amafayela, ukubiza umbhalo, ukuphatha izikhumbuzi, noma ukufuna ulwazi olulula. Amandla ayo amakhulu ukuba khona kwayo njalo kuwo wonke amadivayisi e-Apple, ngokugcizelela kakhulu ubumfihlo kanye nokucutshungulwa kwedatha yendawo noma nini lapho kungenzeka.

Lo mehluko endleleni yokusebenza ubonisa nefilosofi yenkampani ngayinye: I-Microsoft ibeka i-AI njengengxenye ebalulekile yesipiliyoni se-Windows , kuyilapho i-Apple ikhetha ukwethula izinguquko ezithambile futhi ibeke phambili ukulawula komsebenzisi phezu kwedatha yabo, ngisho noma kungabiza ukuhamba kancane kancane ezicini ezinhle kakhulu.

Ukusebenza, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokuthuthukiswa

Ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke, ukusebenza kuncike kokubili ohlelweni kanye nehadiwe. I-Windows ingaba namandla kakhulu emshinini ofanele , kodwa ukusebenzisana kwayo nezinhlobo eziningi zezingxenye kwenza imiphumela iguquke kakhulu.

I-PC eyakhiwe kahle ene-Windows 11, i-SSD esheshayo, inani elihle le-RAM, kanye nekhadi lehluzo elinekhono kungenza kahle kakhulu kuma-Mac amaningi emisebenzini engaphekiwe njengokudlala imidlalo noma ukubala okunamandla . Kodwa-ke, imishini enganamandla kakhulu noma engahlelwanga kahle ingase ibhekane nokuvilapha, ukuphahlazeka ngezikhathi ezithile, noma idinga ukulungiswa kahle ukuze konke kuqhubeke kahle.

I-macOS isezingeni layo: yenzelwe amamodeli ambalwa kuphela, uhlelo lusebenzisa kangcono izinsiza ngaphandle kokudinga ukucushwa okubanzi ngesandla . Nge-Apple Silicon, ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kuthathe igxathu elikhulu: Ama-MacBook anama-chip e-M1 noma e-M2 anganikeza amahora amaningi okuphila kwebhethri ngokusebenza okuqinile kakhulu, into ethandwa kakhulu yilabo abasebenza ohambweni.

Ngokuphathelene nezibuyekezo, iWindows inikeza ukulawula okwengeziwe: ungahlehlisa ukufakwa, ukhethe amashejuli, bese unquma ukuthi yimaphi ama-patches ozowasebenzisa , yize lokhu kuza ngezindleko zokuchitha isikhathi uqapha inqubo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-macOS ivame ukunikeza izibuyekezo ezizenzakalelayo, ezisheshayo, nezihambisanayo kuwo wonke amadivayisi ahambisanayo, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukugcinwa kodwa kunciphise ukulawula okuthile.

Kuzo zombili izimo, izinguqulo ezintsha ziletha izici ezintsha ezithakazelisayo: I-Windows iqhubekela phambili ekuhlanganisweni okuqinile kwe-AI kanye nokuhambisana nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu eziqhubekayo , kuyilapho i-macOS iqinisa ukwenziwa kwayo ngcono kwe-Apple Silicon kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwayo ne-iPhone kanye ne-iPad.

Intengo, iphrofayela yomsebenzisi, kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa ezinconywayo

Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu esinqumweni, vele, isabelomali. I-Windows inikeza izinketho cishe kuzo zonke isabelomali , kusukela kuma-laptop alula kakhulu kuya kuma-gaming rig aphezulu noma ezindaweni zokusebenza zobungcweti.

Nge-Windows, ungathenga i-laptop engabizi kakhulu yemisebenzi eyisisekelo, utshale imali kudeskithophu enamandla yokuhlela amavidiyo nokudlala imidlalo, noma uthuthukise i-PC endala ngokufaka inguqulo yesimanje yesistimu yokusebenza. Ungathenga ngisho nelayisensi ye-Windows bese uyifaka kukhompyutha ozakhele yona , unikeze abasebenzisi abathuthukile ukuguquguquka okukhulu.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-Mac abekwe esigabeni sentengo ephezulu kusukela ekuqaleni. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala kukhulu, kodwa ngokubuyisela uthola umshini owakhiwe kahle onempilo yebhethri enhle kakhulu kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside . Abasebenzisi abaningi abangochwepheshe bakuthola kufanelekile ukukhokha imali eyengeziwe kusengaphambili iminyaka eminingana yokusetshenziswa okuzinzile kanye nokwehla kokusebenza okuncane.

Ngokuphathelene nohlobo lomsebenzisi, kuneziphrofayili ezithile lapho uhlelo ngalunye luvame ukulingana kangcono:

• Abasebenzisi abasaqalayoBavame ukuzivumelanisa ne-macOS ngokushesha, ngenxa yokuthi inesixhumi esibonakalayo esifanayo futhi isidingo esincane "sokuthinta" izilungiselelo zangaphakathi.
• Abasebenzisi bebhizinisiBavame ukukhetha iWindows ngenxa yokuhambisana kwayo okukhulu nesofthiwe yebhizinisi, izinhlelo ezindala, kanye namathuluzi ezinkampani.
• wabadlaliCishe akunakwenzeka ukuncoma iWindows, kokubili ngekhathalogi yayo yemidlalo kanye nokusekelwa kwayo kwehadiwe kanye nobuchwepheshe obufana neDirectX.
• Abadali nabathuthukisiEkuhleleni amavidiyo, emculweni, ekwakhiweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwe-iOS/macOS, ochwepheshe abaningi bayazisa kakhulu indawo esekwe ku-Unix ye-macOS kanye nokuzinza kwe-ecosystem ye-Apple.
• Abafundi noma labo abanesabelomali esincaneBavame ukuthambekela kuma-Windows ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo zemishini engabizi kanye nokulula kokuthola amadili.

Kubalulekile futhi ukucabangela umugqa wokufunda: uma usuneminyaka usebenzisa i-Windows, ukushintshela ku-Mac kungaba yinto eshaqisayo ekuqaleni , futhi okuphambene nalokho. Ngezinye izikhathi, indlela ephumelela kakhulu akuyona ukushintsha izinhlelo kodwa ukufunda ukuthola okwengeziwe kuleyo osuvele uyazi.

Ezimweni eziningi, isinqumo sokugcina asinqunywa yisici esisodwa, kodwa yinhlanganisela yezinto eziza kuqala: ukuthi iyiphi isofthiwe oyidingayo, ukuthi ufuna ukuchitha malini, ukuthi uzodlala imidlalo, ukuthi usuvele usebenzisa i-iPhone, ukuthi uyakwazisa yini ukwenza ngokwezifiso noma ukulula, nokuthi ufuna ukuchitha isikhathi esingakanani ekunakekelweni kwesistimu. Kokubili iWindows ne-macOS sekukhule kwaba izinketho eziqinile kakhulu ; isihluthulelo ukukhetha ukuthi iyiphi efanelana kahle nomsebenzi wakho, imidlalo, kanye nomsebenzi wakho wansuku zonke.