Indlela yokubuka izingxenye ze-PC yami isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ngaphandle kokuphula lutho

Informatec Digital » Izinsiza » Indlela yokubuka izingxenye ze-PC yami isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ngaphandle kokuphula lutho

Uma wake wazibuza ukuthi yini engaphakathi kwikhompyutha yakho (iprosesa, ibhodi lomama, imemori, ikhadi lehluzo, ama-hard drive, njll.), awuwedwa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unedeskithophu, i-laptop, i-Mac, noma i-Linux PC, ngokushesha noma kamuva udinga ukwazi ihadiwe yakho ukuze ufake umdlalo, uthuthukise i-RAM yakho, ufake esikhundleni se-hard drive yakho, usebenzise amaqhinga ukuze ulungiselele izingxenye ze-PC , noma ngenxa nje yelukuluku.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi awudingi ukuqaqa ikhompyutha yakho noma ukuba uchwepheshe ukuze ubone izingxenye zayo. I-Windows, i-macOS, ne-Linux zifaka amathuluzi aphelele kakhulu, futhi kukhona nezinhlelo zamahhala ezikukhombisa yonke imininingwane yokugcina. Ake sibheke, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo nangejubane elincane, kuzo zonke izindlela ezithembekile zokuhlonza izingxenye ze-PC yakho nokuthi ungalichaza kanjani lolo lwazi ukuze unqume ukuthi ikhompyutha yakho ayinawo amandla noma isenawo amandla amaningi okuphila kuyo.

Indlela yokubuka izingxenye ze-PC yakho ku-Windows ngaphandle kokufaka noma yini

I-Windows inezinsiza eziningana ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezikuvumela ukuthi uhlole ihadiwe yekhompyutha yakho ngaphandle kokufaka izinhlelo zezinkampani zangaphandle . Ezinye zinikeza umbono olula kakhulu, kanti ezinye zinikeza izinga elikhulu lemininingwane, elifanele uma ufuna ulwazi olwengeziwe lobuchwepheshe.

Ithuluzi Lokuxilonga le-DirectX (i-Dxdiag)

Inketho yokuqala, futhi enye eshesha kakhulu, yi- DirectX Diagnostic Tool , eza nazo zonke izinguqulo zesimanje ze-Windows. Iwusizo kakhulu ekuhloleni iprosesa yakho, imemori, ikhadi lehluzo, ikhadi lomsindo, kanye nolwazi oluthile lwesistimu.

• Cindezela izinkinobho I-Windows + R ukuvula iwindi le-Run.
• Bhala dxdiag bese ucindezela u-Enter noma u-Kulungile.
• Uma ibuza ukuthi ufuna ukuhlola amasignesha omshayeli, cindezela u-Yebo.

Ngemva kwemizuzwana embalwa, i-Windows izoskena ikhompyutha yakho bese ubona iwindi elinamathebhu amaningana lapho kuhlelwe khona ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nehadiwe yakho :

• Uhlelo: igama lekhompyutha, inguqulo ye-Windows, umenzi wesistimu, i-BIOS, iprosesa, i-RAM efakiwe, uhlobo lwesistimu (ama-bits angu-32/64), njll.
• Isikrini: imodeli ye-chip yehluzo kanye nohlobo, inkumbulo yevidiyo eseduze, abashayeli abafakiwe kanye nezinsuku.
• Umsindo (kungavela njengoMsindo 1, uMsindo 2…): idivayisi yomsindo, abashayeli kanye nesimo.
• entryAmadivayisi okufaka njengekhibhodi, igundane, nezinye izinto ezixhunywe ngaphakathi.

Nge-Dxdiag ungathola umbono osheshayo wezingxenye eziyinhloko ngaphandle kwezinkinga futhi ngaphandle kokufaka noma yini, okwanele kubasebenzisi abaningi abafuna nje ukwazi iprosesa, i-RAM, ikhadi lehluzo nokunye okuncane.

Kusukela kuzilungiselelo kanye nesigaba esithi “Mayelana”

Enye indlela elula kakhulu yokubuka ezinye zehadiwe ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwezilungiselelo ze-Windows , ikakhulukazi ku-Windows 10 kanye ne-Windows 11, lapho konke kuhlelekile futhi kufinyeleleka khona.

• Chofoza inkinobho Inicio bese kusithonjana se Isethaphu (igiya).
• Ngena ngaphakathi Uhlelo.
• Kumenyu engakwesobunxele, skrolela phansi uye ku- mayelana.

Kulesi sikrini uzobona "Imininingwane Yedivayisi ," ebonisa igama le-PC, iprosesa, i-RAM efakiwe, uhlobo lwesistimu yokusebenza (32-bit noma 64-bit), kanye nohlelo lwe-Windows. Kuyindlela elula kakhulu yokuthola ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwekhompyutha yakho ngaphandle kokulahleka uzulazula kumamenyu.

Ezinguqulweni ezindala ze-Windows, lolu lwazi lungatholakala ku- Control Panel > System and Security > System , noma ngokuchofoza kwesokudla ku-"My Computer / This PC" bese ukhetha "Properties". Okuqukethwe kuyafana: iprosesa, i-RAM, uhlobo lwesistimu, kanye nohlelo lwe-Windows.

Umphathi Wedivayisi: Izingxenye Ngezingxenye

Uma ufuna ukubona ingxenye ngayinye ngemininingwane eminingi ( ikhadi lehluzo , ama-adaptha enethiwekhi, i-Bluetooth, amakhamera, njll.), i-Device Manager iyithuluzi okufanele ulivakashele. Ibala wonke amadivayisi afakiwe kanye nabashayeli bawo.

• Qhafaza Inicio bese uthayipha “Umphathi Wedivayisi”.
• Yivule bese kuzoboniswa uhlu olufana nolomuthi lwazo zonke izigaba zehadiwe.

Udinga nje ukwandisa izingxenye (isibonelo, ama-adaptha okubonisa ekhadi lehluzo, ama-Disk drive ama-hard drive nama-SSD, ama-adaptha enethiwekhi ekhadi lenethiwekhi, njll.).

Ukuchofoza kabili kudivayisi kuzokukhombisa izakhiwo zayo kanye nemininingwane eyengeziwe : uhlobo lwedivayisi, umenzi, indawo, isimo somshayeli, inguqulo, usuku, kanye nolwazi oluningi oluwusizo lobuchwepheshe uma uxazulula izinkinga noma uhlola ukuhambisana.

Hlola ihadiwe kusuka ku-Command Prompt (CMD)

Uma ukhululekile kancane ngomugqa womyalo , ungathola futhi ulwazi ngomyalo olula bese ubheka imiyalo ewusizo ye-Windows Terminal . Akuyona ekhangayo kakhulu, kodwa iwusizo uma uhlelo lwakho lunenkinga yokuqalisa noma udinga uhlu olusheshayo.

• Sesha I-CMD noma “Umyalo Osheshayo” kumenyu yokuqala.
• Yivule (uma ungakwazi, njengomphathi).
• Bhala umyalo uhleloinfo bese ucindezela u-Enter.

Ngemva kwemizuzwana embalwa, kuzovela isifinyezo esikrinini esinolwazi lwesistimu kanye nehadiwe : Inguqulo ye-Windows, umenzi wekhompyutha, imodeli, uhlobo lweprosesa, i-RAM iyonke, i-BIOS, njll. Akunamininingwane eminingi njenge-msinfo32 noma i-Dxdiag, kodwa kungakukhipha endaweni enzima, ikakhulukazi uma i-Windows ingeke ilayishe kwimodi yesithombe futhi unokufinyelela kuphela kuzici ezithuthukisiwe.

Ulwazi Lwesistimu (msinfo32)

Usizo "lolwazi lwesistimu" cishe luyindlela ephelele kakhulu iWindows enikezayo yokubona ngokushesha cishe zonke ihadiwe ezifakiwe , kusukela kubhodi lomama kuya kuma-peripherals.

• Qhafaza I-Windows + R ukuvula u-Run.
• Bhala msinfo32 bese ucindezela OK.

Iwindi lizovula elinemenyu ngakwesobunxele. Ku- “System Summary” uzobona ulwazi olubalulekile lwekhompyutha: umenzi, imodeli, uhlobo lweprosesa kanye nesivinini, inani le-RAM, inguqulo ye-BIOS kanye nosuku, imodi yokuqalisa, inguqulo ye-Windows, ukwakheka (ama-bits angu-32/64), nokuningi.

Uma wandisa isigaba esithi "Izingxenye" , uzothola izingxenye ezithile zokubonisa, isitoreji, inethiwekhi, umsindo, amachweba, namanye amadivayisi . "I-Display" ikhombisa ulwazi mayelana nekhadi lakho lehluzo; "Isitoreji" ihlinzeka ngencazelo eningiliziwe yama-hard drive akho nama-SSD; kanti "Inethiwekhi" ikhombisa ulwazi mayelana nama-adapter afakiwe kanye nemininingwane yawo.

Umphathi Womsebenzi: Ukubuka konke okusheshayo kokusetshenziswa kwe-CPU, i-RAM, idiski, inethiwekhi, kanye ne-GPU.

Ngaphezu kokuvala izinhlelo eziqandisiwe, i -Task Manager isetshenziselwa ukubuka imininingwane eyinhloko yekhompyutha nokuthi isebenza kanjani ngesikhathi sangempela.

• Qhafaza Ctrl + Shift + Esc o I-Ctrl + Alt + Susa bese ukhetha “Umphathi Wemisebenzi”.
• Iya kuthebhu Ukusebenza.

Lapha uzobona izigaba eziningana :

• CPU: ibonisa imodeli yeprosesa, isivinini sayo sesisekelo, inani lama-core, izinqubo kanye nemicu, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo ngesikhathi sangempela.
• Memoria: umthamo we-RAM ophelele, uhlobo (isb. i-DDR4 noma i-DDR5), isivinini kanye nememori esetshenziswayo/engenawo.
• disco: umthamo, uhlobo lwedrayivu (i-HDD/i-SSD), umsebenzi wokufunda nokubhala, isikhathi sokuphendula.
• I-Wi-Fi / i-Ethernet: imodeli ye-adaptha yenethiwekhi, isivinini sesixhumanisi, kanye nethrafikhi yenethiwekhi.
• GPU: igama lekhadi lehluzo, ukusetshenziswa kwememori yevidiyo, inguqulo yomshayeli, kanye nokusekelwa kwe-DirectX.

Leli phaneli lilungele ukubona izinkinga (isibonelo, uma i-RAM inganele noma idiski ihlala iku-100%) nokuqinisekisa ngokushesha ukuthi iyiphi ihadiwe oyifakile.

Hlola ihadiwe kusuka ku-BIOS noma ku-UEFI

Uma i-Windows ingaqali noma ufuna ukubona ulwazi ngqo ezingeni lebhodi lomama, ungasebenzisa i -BIOS/UEFI njalo . Ngeke ubone yonke imininingwane lapha, kodwa uzothola ulwazi oluyisihluthulelo sesistimu.

• Qala kabusha ikhompyutha yakho.
• Ngesikhathi sokuqalisa, cindezela inkinobho yokufinyelela ye-BIOS izikhathi eziningana (ngokuvamile Susa, F2, F10, noma Esc(kuye ngokuthi umenzi webhodi lomama noma i-laptop).

Uma usungaphakathi, kuye ngokuthi imodeli injani, uzobona isikhombikubona sombhalo esijwayelekile noma isikhombikubona sesimanje se-UEFI. Isikrini esiyinhloko sivame ukubonisa imodeli yebhodi lomama kanye nomkhiqizi , inguqulo ye-BIOS, inani le-RAM, uhlobo lweprosesa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi isivinini sewashi kanye neminye imingcele yokusebenza.

Kumamenyu enkumbulo, ungahlola imininingwane eyengeziwe ye-RAM , futhi ezigabeni ezithuthukisiwe, uzothola izinketho zemvamisa, ama-voltage, nezinye izilungiselelo ezibucayi. Qaphela kakhulu lapha: ukushintsha amapharamitha ngokungahleliwe kungabangela ukuthi i-PC yakho ingasebenzi kahle noma yehluleke ngisho nokuqalisa . Uma ufuna ukuhlola izilungiselelo kuphela, faka, funda, futhi uphume ngaphandle kokulondoloza noma yiziphi izinguquko.

Buka imininingwane kanye nezingxenye kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza

Akuyona yonke into ephathelene neWindows: uma usebenza neMac noma iLinux, ungahlola nehadiwe yekhompyutha usebenzisa amathuluzi esistimu uqobo , ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinhlelo zezinkampani zangaphandle ezimweni eziningi.

Indlela yokubuka ihadiwe ku-Mac

Ku-macOS, i-Apple ihlanganisa cishe yonke into kuhlelo lokusebenza olubizwa ngokuthi i-System Information (ezinguqulweni ezindala ze-OS X yayibizwa ngokuthi "i-System Profile"). Leli thuluzi likukhombisa ukubuka konke okuningiliziwe kwehadiwe yakho, isofthiwe, inethiwekhi, namadivayisi angaphandle.

• Chofoza kusithonjana Apple (ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokunxele).
• Khetha “Mayelana nale Mac”.

Iwindi lizovula ngesifinyezo esibonisa imodeli yakho ye-Mac, iprosesa, inkumbulo, inombolo ye-serial, kanye nenguqulo ye-macOS . Ukusuka lapha, ukuchofoza okuthi "Umbiko Wesistimu" kuzoqalisa uhlelo lokusebenza Lolwazi Lwesistimu.

Kubha eseceleni kwesobunxele, uzothola izigaba ezifana ne -Hardware, Memory, Storage, Network, kanye ne-Software . Ngaphansi kokuthi "Hardware," ungabona ulwazi olufana nemodeli eqondile, inombolo ye-serial, kanye nemininingwane yebhodi le-logic. "Memory" ikhombisa ukuthi ingakanani i-RAM efakiwe endaweni ngayinye. "Network" ibonisa ama-adapter, amakheli e-IP, kanye nokuxhumeka okuvunyelwe yi-firewall, phakathi kolunye ulwazi.

Kumenyu ungagcina futhi umbiko efayeleni ukuze uwuthumele kososesheni bezobuchwepheshe noma uwugcine ukuze ube yireferensi, noma ngisho nohlelo lufunde inombolo yochungechunge ngokuzwakalayo uma kudingeka.

Indlela yokubuka ihadiwe ku-Linux

Ku-Linux, ikakhulukazi ekusakazweni okufana no-Ubuntu, indlela eqondile yokubuka zonke izingxenye ukusebenzisa i -command terminal , yize ama-distros amaningi afaka amathuluzi ezithombe afana ne-"System Information".

Omunye wemiyalo ewusizo kakhulu yi -lshw , ekhombisa incazelo eningiliziwe yehadiwe:

• Vula itheminali.
• Gijima Sudo lshw | Ngaphansi (Faka iphasiwedi yakho uma ucelwa).

Lokhu kuzokunikeza uhlu oluphelele kakhulu olunolwazi mayelana ne-CPU, i-RAM, i-GPU, amadiski, inethiwekhi, namanye amadivayisi . Uma ufuna okuthile okuhlelekile, ungabheka futhi isiqondisi se-virtual /proc esinemiyalo efana ne -`ls /proc` , lapho kukhona amafayela achaza ihadiwe nesimo sesistimu.

Ezinye izindlela ezilula zokuthola imininingwane ye-PC

Ngaphandle kwamathuluzi angaphakathi esistimu yokusebenza, kunezindlela ezisebenzayo kakhulu zokuthola ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye zekhompyutha yakho ngaphandle kokwenza impilo yakho ibe nzima, ikakhulukazi uma kuyikhompyutha edumile (i-laptop noma i-OEM).

Bheka iwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi wemishini

Uma ikhompyutha yakho iyimodeli edumile (i-HP, i-Lenovo, i-Dell, i-ASUS, i-Acer, njll.), mane useshe imodeli eqondile kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomenzi ukuze ubone imininingwane yobuchwepheshe nazo zonke izingxenye.

Ngokuvamile udinga nje ukuthola igama lemodeli esitikileni esisebhokisini noma ebhokisini, ulifake kubha yokusesha yewebhusayithi yomenzi, bese uya esigabeni semininingwane. Lapho uzothola ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana neprosesa, i-RAM, uhlobo lwesitoreji kanye nomthamo, ikhadi lehluzo, isistimu yokusebenza, nezinye izici . Ezimweni eziningi, ungalanda ngisho nezici njenge-PDF.

Uma imishini isindala kakhulu, iwebhusayithi esemthethweni kungenzeka ukuthi isuse imodeli kukhathalogi yayo, kodwa cishe ungathola ulwazi njalo ngokusesha inombolo yemodeli ku-inthanethi , kungaba emakhasini okusekela, ezinkundleni zokuxhumana noma kumawebhusayithi ezitolo ezaziyithengisa ngaleso sikhathi.

Hlola i-invoyisi noma ubufakazi bokuthenga

Nakuba kungase kubonakale kusobala, ngokuvamile indlela ecacile yokwazi ukuthi iyiphi ihadiwe ekhompuyutheni yakho ukubheka irisidi lokuthenga lokuqala . Izitolo, ezingokoqobo neziku-inthanethi, zivame ukubala izingxenye eziyinhloko zekhompyutha eziyithengisayo.

Ngokuvamile, i-invoyisi izocacisa imodeli yeprosesa, umthamo we-RAM, uhlobo lwe-hard drive kanye nomthamo wayo, ikhadi lehluzo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi imodeli yebhodi lomama . Uma uthenge ikhompyutha eyakhiwe ngaphambilini, i-invoyisi kufanele ibhale ingxenye ngayinye ngokwehlukana. Futhi uma uyilahlekile, izitolo eziningi eziku-inthanethi zikuvumela ukuthi uyilande futhi kusuka ku-akhawunti yakho yomsebenzisi noma ucele ukuthunyelwa kabusha.

Izinhlelo namathuluzi athuthukisiwe okubuka ihadiwe yekhompyutha yakho

Uma udinga ulwazi olujulile noma lwesikhathi sangempela, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile zokuhlaziya ihadiwe . Iningi lazo limahhala noma linenguqulo yamahhala, futhi eziningi azidingi ngisho nokufakwa.

I-CPU-Z: Ibalulekile kwi-CPU, i-RAM kanye nebhodi lomama

I-CPU-Z iyithuluzi elijwayelekile lokuhlola imininingwane ye-PC yakho. Luhlelo olulula kakhulu, olutholakala njengesifaki noma inguqulo ephathekayo (ifayela le-.exe elilula). Ukulisebenzisa nje kwenza ukuskena okusheshayo futhi kubonisa ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana neprosesa yakho, inkumbulo, kanye nebhodi lomama kumathebhu amaningana.

Ithebhu ye-CPU ibonisa imodeli yeprosesa, inani lama-cores kanye nemicu, amaza esikhathi sangempela, ama-cache, njll. Ithebhu ye-Mainboard ibonisa lonke ulwazi lwebhodi lomama: umenzi, i-chipset, imodeli eqondile, kanye nenguqulo ye-BIOS. Ithebhu ye-Memory ibonisa uhlobo lwe-RAM, umthamo, iziteshi, kanye namaza. Futhi ithebhu ye-Graphics ibonisa ikhadi lehluzo eliyinhloko.

Iyithuluzi elifanele uma ufuna ukwazi imodeli yebhodi lomama eqondile noma imininingwane emincane mayelana ne-RAM engaveli kuma-Windows utilities.

I-GPU-Z: yonke imininingwane yekhadi lehluzo

Kuma-graphics, i-GPU-Z yenza into efana ne-CPU-Z kodwa igxile kuphela kwi-GPU. Imahhala, ilula kakhulu, futhi ihloselwe kakhulu abadlali begeyimu nabasebenzisi abafuna ukuqapha ukusebenza kwamakhadi abo e-graphics.

I-GPU-Z ibonisa imodeli ye-GPU, uhlobo lwememori yevidiyo kanye nenani, amaza ewashi, inguqulo ye-BIOS yekhadi, inguqulo yomshayeli efakiwe, izinga lokushisa, ukusetshenziswa kwe-GPU, isivinini sefeni, kanye neminye imingcele. Ikuvumela nokuthi ubhale idatha kufayela ukuze ihlaziywe kamuva futhi isebenza nokusethwa kwe-GPU eminingi (isb., ama-adapter amaningi azinikele).

I-Speccy: Isifinyezo esiphelele se-PC kanye nezinga lokushisa

I-Speccy ingenye insiza ethandwa kakhulu yokubuka ukusebenza kwangaphakathi kwe-PC yakho ngesibonisi esilula. Inenguqulo yamahhala, eyanele abasebenzisi abaningi, futhi inikeza umbono jikelele wezingxenye ezibalulekile kanye namazinga okushisa azo (i-CPU, i-motherboard, amadrayivu, ikhadi lehluzo, njll.).

Ngaphezu kokubuka konke kokuqala, ungaya esigabeni ngesigaba (i-CPU, i-RAM, i-motherboard, ihluzo, isitoreji, inethiwekhi, njll.) ukuze ujule kakhulu engxenyeni ngayinye. Ngokungafani ne-CPU-Z, ibuye ibonise ulwazi mayelana nezinto ezisetshenziswayo kanye nokuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi , okwenza kube usizo kakhulu ekutholeni ukubuka konke okuphelele kwesistimu yakho.

I-AIDA64 Extreme: Ulwazi Oluphelele kanye Nokuhlolwa

I-AIDA64 Extreme iyithuluzi elisezingeni lobuchwepheshe. Luhlelo olukhokhelwayo, yize lunenguqulo yokulinga, futhi lungasetshenziswa lufakiwe noma kwimodi ephathekayo. Lunikeza uhlu olunemininingwane eminingi lwazo zonke ihadiwe kanye nesofthiwe eningi yesistimu.

Uma uyivula, uzobona umuthi wezigaba lapho ungabuka khona ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nebhodi lakho le-motherboard, i-CPU, i-RAM, i-GPU, amadivayisi okugcina, inethiwekhi, izinto ezisetshenziswayo, izinzwa, nokuningi. Iphinde ifake amamojula okuhlola ukuzinza kanye nezilinganiso, kodwa uma ufuna nje ukubona ukuthi iyiphi ihadiwe onayo, inguqulo yokulinga yanele ukuhlola okusheshayo.

I-HWiNFO: lonke ulwazi ngokubuka okukodwa

I-HWiNFO ingenye yalawo mathuluzi akutshela cishe konke. Ingafakwa noma isebenze njengohlelo lokusebenza oluphathekayo, futhi ngemva kokuqala ukuhlaziya (inkinobho ethi Run), ikhombisa ukubuka okuphelele kakhulu nge-CPU, i-GPU, i-RAM, amadiski, ibhodi lomama, kanye nesistimu yokusebenza konke esikrinini esifanayo.

Nakuba ingakhangi kangako njengezinye izinketho, inzuzo yayo ukuthi ihlanganisa lonke ulwazi lwethimba efasiteleni elilodwa , okusheshisa umsebenzi wakho uma ufuna ukubuyekeza idatha eningi ngesikhathi esifushane.

I-CrystalDiskInfo: Isimo seDiski kanye nedatha

Uma unesithakazelo esikhulu sokwazi impilo yama-hard drive akho nama-SSD, i-CrystalDiskInfo iyindlela enconywa kakhulu. Lolu hlelo lufunda idatha ye-SMART evela kuma-drive futhi lubonisa izinga lokushisa, amahora okuvula, amaphutha aqoshiwe, isivinini se-interface, nolunye ulwazi olubalulekile.

Kuphinde kubonise "isimo sempilo" sedrayivu ngayinye, ewusizo ekutholeni amadrayivu aqala ukwehluleka. Kuyindlela elula kakhulu yokuqapha isitoreji se-PC yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi asifi futhi wenze ama-backup ngesikhathi, kanye nokukusiza uma uhlela ukufaka i-SSD.

I-HWMonitor: amazinga okushisa, ama-voltage kanye namafeni

Nge -HWMonitor ungabuka amazinga okushisa esikhathi sangempela e-CPU yakho, i-GPU, i-motherboard, nama-hard drive, kanye nama-voltage kanye nesivinini sabalandeli . Kuwusizo kakhulu ekuhloleni ukuthi ikhompyutha yakho ishisa kakhulu noma ukuthi ugesi wakho uletha amanani azinzile.

Inguqulo yamahhala isivele ibonisa iningi ledatha elifanele ukusetshenziswa ekhaya kanye nabantu abathanda izinto zokuzijabulisa. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uqaphe ukuthi izingxenye zakho zisebenza ngaphakathi kwebanga eliphephile futhi uthole izinkinga zokupholisa noma izinsiza zikagesi ezingazinzile.

I-Wise System Monitor kanye ne-Belarc Advisor: ihadiwe nokuningi

I-Wise System Monitor ihlanganisa ukuqapha uhlelo (ukusetshenziswa kwe-CPU, ukusetshenziswa kwe-RAM, izinqubo ezisebenzayo, ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi) nesigaba esibala izingxenye eziyinhloko zehadiwe : iprosesa, ibhodi lomama, ikhadi lehluzo, i-hard drive, ikhadi lenethiwekhi, ikhadi lomsindo, njll.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Belarc Advisor ayihlaziyi nje kuphela ihadiwe kodwa nesofthiwe efakiwe, amalayisense, isimo sokuphepha, kanye nabashayeli abaphelelwe yisikhathi. Kuhle uma ufuna umbiko ojwayelekile we-PC , yize ukujula kwayo esigabeni sehadiwe emsulwa kungaphansi kwamathuluzi akhethekile.

I-MSI Afterburner: Ukuqapha nokufunda kwe-GPU okuthuthukisiwe

Nakuba yaziwa kakhulu ngamakhono ayo okusebenzisa i-overclocking kanye nokulungisa kahle amakhadi ehluzo , i-MSI Afterburner iphinde ibonise ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana ne-GPU kanye neprosesa. Inkinobho yolwazi ("i") ikuvumela ukuthi ubuke imininingwane yehadiwe ehlobene nehluzo futhi uqaphe amazinga okushisa, amaza, kanye nokusetshenziswa.

Kodwa-ke, uma ufuna ukubuka idatha kuphela, namathela ekufundeni futhi ungathinti izilayidi zemvamisa kanye ne-voltage, njengoba ukulungiswa okungalungile kungathinta ukuzinza noma kulimaze ikhadi uma ungazi ukuthi wenzani.

Amathuluzi aku-inthanethi okuhlonza izingxenye kanye nokuhambisana kwazo

Ngaphezu kwezinhlelo ezingafakwa, kunezixazululo ezisekelwe efwini ezingathola ngokuzenzakalelayo imemori nesitoreji sekhompyutha yakho futhi ziphakamise ukuthuthukiswa okuhambisanayo.

Isikena Sesistimu Esibalulekile kanye Nokukhetha Isistimu Esibalulekile

I-Crucial System Scanner iyithuluzi eliku-inthanethi, ngemva kokulanda ifayela elincane elisebenzisekayo, elihlaziya ngokuphephile uhlelo lwakho ukuze libone ukuthi une-RAM engakanani, ungayifaka engakanani, nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zama-SSD ahambisanayo . Ayifinyeleli kumafayela akho siqu, kodwa ifinyelela ulwazi oludingekayo lwe-BIOS kanye nehadiwe.

Njengokwengeza, i-Crucial System Selector inikeza into efanayo kodwa ngaphandle kokuskena i-PC yakho: ufaka umenzi, umugqa womkhiqizo, kanye nemodeli yekhompyutha yakho, bese iwebhusayithi ikukhombisa ukuthi yimaphi amamojula e-RAM kanye nama-drive okugcina ongawafaka. Izizindalwazi abazisebenzisayo zibanzi kakhulu futhi zimboza izigidi zamamodeli edeskithophu nama-laptop.

Indlela yokuhlola ikhwalithi yezingxenye ze-PC yakho

Ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye onazo kuyinto eyodwa, kodwa ukuhlola ukuthi azanele yini, azinamsebenzi, noma ziyakufanelekela ukuthuthukiswa kuyinto ehlukile . Ukuze uthole lokho, ungasebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlola, uhlole inani lama-processor cores, ubuyekeze uhlobo lwebhodi lomama, noma ucabangele nosayizi wekesi.

Hlola ukusebenza nge-Winaero kanye nokuhlolwa kokwenziwa

Phakathi kwezinsiza ezingavamile kakhulu yi -Winaero , elingisa i-"Windows Experience Index" yakudala evela ezinguqulweni ezindala zesistimu yokusebenza. Leli thuluzi lenza uchungechunge lwezivivinyo zokwenziwa futhi linikeza iprosesa, i-RAM, ihluzo, kanye nediski amaphuzu , okuvumela ukuthi usheshe ukhombe ingxenye ebuthakathaka kakhulu.

Uhlelo lokufaka amagoli lusekelwe ezivivinyweni ezazenzelwe ihadiwe endala, ngakho-ke izinhlelo zesimanje zivame ukuthola amagoli aphezulu kakhulu . Noma kunjalo, uma amaphuzu akho ephansi kakhulu endaweni ethile (isibonelo, i-hard drive noma ikhadi lehluzo), usuvele unombono wokuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi esizayo kungase kubukeke kanjani.

Ukuqonda ama-cores eprosesa kanye nemvamisa

Uma ubheka imininingwane ye-CPU yakho, uzobona izingcezu ezimbili ezibalulekile zolwazi: inani lama-cores kanye nezintambo , kanye nesivinini sewashi (ku-GHz). Ama-cores, kalula nje, angama-"CPU" amancane ngaphakathi kweprosesa uqobo, akwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ngesikhathi esifanayo. Uma ama-cores amaningi, kulapho iprosesa ingakwazi ukusingatha khona umsebenzi omningi ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Ijubane lewashi libonisa izinga lapho i-core ngayinye icubungula khona imiyalelo . Iprosesa enama-core ambalwa kodwa ijubane lewashi eliphakeme ingase isebenze kangcono kweminye imisebenzi kuneyo enama-core amaningi kodwa ijubane lewashi eliphansi, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezingasebenzisi ngokugcwele ukufana.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ezinye izici ezifana nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo, inkumbulo ye-cache yangaphakathi, inqubo yokukhiqiza, kanye nokwenza ngcono isofthiwe nakho kudlala indima . Yingakho iprosesa yesimanje ephakathi nendawo ingenza kahle kakhulu kunemodeli endala ephezulu enama-core amaningi, noma ngabe ibonakala iphansi ephepheni.

Kunoma ikuphi, kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile kuyalulekwa ukugxila kakhulu kuma -cores kanye nemvamisa , uhlole ukuthi iprosesa iyahlangabezana (noma iyadlula) izidingo ezinconywayo zezinhlelo nemidlalo abafuna ukuyisebenzisa.

Izinhlobo zebhodi lomama kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo (i-ATX, i-microATX, i-miniATX, i-eATX)

Ibhodi lomama liyinhliziyo yekhompyutha, njengoba linquma ukuthi yimaphi amaprosesa ongawafaka, isekela i-RAM engakanani, ukuthi unezikhala zokunweba ezingakanani, nokuthi udinga usayizi ongakanani wesikhwama. Izici ezivame kakhulu zefomu yi -ATX, i-microATX, i-mini-ITX, kanye ne-eATX.

I-ATX form factor ejwayelekile ilinganisa cishe u-30,5 x 24,4 cm futhi iyona esakazeke kakhulu. Ngaphezulu kwayo kukhona i-eATX (i-Extended ATX), enkulu kancane futhi ilungele imibhoshongo emikhulu kakhulu enezikhala eziningi zokwandisa kanye nokupholisa okungcono. Izinhlobo ezincane ze-microATX kanye ne-mini-ITX (abanye abakhiqizi bazibiza nangokuthi i-mini-ATX) zisetshenziswa ezikhwameni ezincane.

• E-ATX: cishe 30 x 33 cm.
• ATXUsayizi: 30,5 x 24,4 cm.
• microATXUsayizi: 24,4 x 24,4 cm.
• i-mini-ITX / i-miniATX: cishe u-17 x 17 cm noma u-6,7″.

Khumbula ukuthi ikesi elihambisana ne-eATX livame ukwamukela amabhodi amancane e-motherboard , kodwa ikesi elakhelwe i-microATX ngeke likuvumele ukuthi ufake ibhodi le-ATX noma le-eATX. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokushintsha ibhodi lakho le-motherboard, kuyalulekwa ukuthi uhlole ukuthi iyiphi i-factor esekelwa yileli bhokisi lamanje.

Indlela ubukhulu bombhoshongo obuthinta ngayo izingxenye

Usayizi wekesi le-PC unciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuthuthukisa. Emibhoshongweni emincane esekelwe ku-mini-ITX noma i-microATX, isikhala sangaphakathi silinganiselwe kakhulu , okungakuphoqa ukuthi usebenzise amakhadi wehluzo e-single-fan, ama-hard drive ambalwa, kanye nezinhlelo zokupholisa eziphansi kakhulu.

Ngokuphambene nalokho, umbhoshongo we-ATX noma we-eATX unikeza isikhala esengeziwe samakhadi amakhulu ehluzo, ama-slots e-PCIe amaningi, abalandeli abaningi, kanye nokuhamba komoya okungcono . Uma uhlela ukwakha uhlelo olunamandla olucabanga ngezithuthukisi zesikhathi esizayo, kuyalulekwa ukuthi ukhethe i-chassis enkulu kusukela ekuqaleni.

Kodwa-ke, uma okubaluleke kakhulu kuwe ukuba nekhompyutha encane futhi okulula ukuyibeka, ifomethi encane ingaba yindlela efanele, wazi ukuthi uzoba nemikhawulo ethile ekunwetshweni nasekupholiseni.

Kunini lapho sekuyisikhathi sokucabangela ukuthuthukiswa?

Uma usuwazi kahle ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye onazo, umbuzo omkhulu uphakama: ingabe kufanele ngiqhubeke nale mishini noma sekuyisikhathi sokuyithuthukisa noma ukuyikhulisa? Kunezimpawu eziningana ezicacile ezibonisa ukuthi ihadiwe isiqala ukwehluleka, njengobunzima obusobala.

• Uhlelo luba Izinhlelo ezivuleka kancane noma wenze izinto eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Imidlalo noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ziyakuxwayisa ukuthi Awuhlangabezani nezidingo ezincane noma ezinconywayo.
• Uhlangabezana nezinkinga zokuphahlazeka njalo, ukuminyana, noma ukuhambisana.
• Uhlala uphelelwa isikhala sediski futhi awusakwazi ukwengeza amanye ama-drive angaphakathi.
• Ihadiwe yakho ayisekeli inguqulo yakamuva yohlelo lokusebenza noma izibuyekezo ezibalulekile.

Ezimweni eziningi, ukuthuthukisa nje i-RAM noma ukufaka i-hard drive esikhundleni se-SSD kwanele ukunika ikhompyutha impilo yesibili. Uma iprosesa noma ikhadi lehluzo seliphelelwe yisikhathi kakhulu, kungakuhle ukucabangela ipulatifomu entsha (i-motherboard + i-CPU + i-RAM), ikakhulukazi uma uthuthukisa kusuka ezizukulwaneni ezindala kakhulu kuya kwezimanje.

Ngalo lonke ulwazi ongaluqoqa kumathuluzi esixoxe ngawo, kulula kakhulu ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye okufanele uzithuthukise, yiziphi ezisasebenza, nokuthi ngabe kufanelekile yini ukutshala imali ekuthuthukisweni noma kwi-PC entsha . Ekugcineni, ukwazi izingxenye zekhompyutha yakho kukuvumela ukuthi uthole okuningi kuzo, ugweme ukuthenga ngokuphamazela, futhi uhlale uqonda kahle amakhono okusetha kwakho kwamanje.